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송사리 알의 초기 발생과정을 이용한 매립지 침출수 독성도 평가
박배경,박석순,캐런어스트필드,키이스쿠우퍼 ( Bae Kyung Park,Seok Soon Park,Karen M . Erstfeld,Keith R . Cooper ) 한국환경생물학회 1996 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.14 No.1
Toxicity of landfill leachates was evaluated using embryo-larval assay of Rice Fish, Oryzias latipes. Leachates were collected from Nanji island landfill, Seoul Korea, June, 1993 and February, 1994. Series of leachate dilutions were made with aerated rearing solution. Embryo lethality, developmental abnormalities, developmental stage delays, and post-hatching were examined under dissecting microscope during exposure to the diluted leachate. The LC_50 and EC_50 values with 95% confidence limit were calculated using probit analysis program developed by USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). The results showed that winter time leachates were more toxic than summer time ones due to low precipitation. There was no significant difference in leachate toxicity between sampling sites. Multiple lesions were observed in the affected embryos. Major lesions were hemorrhage, reduced heart beat and circulation, and reduced eye ball and intereye distance. This result indicated that the major toxicants would be heavy metals, organic chemicals, and surfactants. It was concluded that all tested leachates should be highly toxic and contain complex mixtures of organic chemicals and heavy metals.
박배경,박석순 ( Bae Kyung Park,Seok Soon Park ) 한국물환경학회 1995 한국물환경학회지 Vol.11 No.3
Statistical analyses of water qualities were performed to compare the land use impacts on the receiving streams of the watersheds located in the central part of the Korean peninsula. The data were obtained from the three hundred seventy three tributaries in the watersheds including the Lower Han River, the South Branch of the Han River, the North Branch of the Han River, the Kyungan Stream, the Anseong Stream, the East Coastal Streams, and the West Coastal Streams. Triplicate samples were collected at each sampling station depending upon the flow conditions(mid, low, and high flow) from March to July 1992. The data were statistically analyzed by the multiple linear regression method, where explanatory and response variables were each land used types and receiving water qualities. The water quality parameters included in the statistical analyses were 5-day biochemical oxygen demand, suspended solids, anionic surfactants. and conductivity. The areal ratios of three different land use types were used as explanatory variables: urban area, agricultural area, and forest area. Regression coefficients were estimated for each water quality and the significances of coefficient values were tested using the t-test. Linear relationship between explanatory variables and response variable was also tested by the F-test. From this study, it was noted that receiving water qualities were significantly impacted by an urban area in all tested watersheds. The high values of regression coefficients were computed for the Lower Han River, the South Branch of the Han River, and the West Coastal Streams in the most water qualities. It was also recognized that urban area in the South Branch of the Han River and forest area in the West Coastal Streams shown unusual high values of regression coefficients in most water qualities. The result indicated that the regression method presented in this paper would be useful in comparing stream water qualities for multiple watersheds with multiple land use types.
오염원 공간분석 및 오염부하지속곡선을 통한 맞춤형 수질오염총량제 추진방안 연구
박배경,류지철,나은혜,서지연,김용석 대한환경공학회 2017 대한환경공학회지 Vol.39 No.12
현재 수질오염총량제(이하 총량제)에서는 단위유역 말단의 목표수질만 만족할 수 있는 조건에서의 유역 관리를 진행해 왔으며 이로 인해 우선관리가 필요한 지류에 대한 집중적 관리와 오염원 공간분포 특성을 고려한 삭감대책을 마련하는데제한점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 장기적으로 조사된 유량 및 수질자료를 이용한 오염부하지속곡선 기법과 오염원 및 오염부하량 공간분포 특성 분석 방법을 현행 총량제 이행평가 방법으로 적용하였다. 적용유역은 기존 총량제가 시행되고 있는 진위천 수계를 대상으로 하였다. 본 연구방법 적용 결과, 진위천 수계에서는 황구지천 지류가 집중 관리 되어야 하며 진위천 지류는 우선관리에서 제외되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 황구지천 중류 구간에서 추가적으로 비점삭감계획이 필요하며, 하류 구간에서는 축산에 대한 저감대책이 필요할 것으로 분석됐다. 본 연구에서 제안한 새로운 방법은 향후 총량제에서 유역 전체의 건강성을 높이는데 매우 효과적으로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. It is difficult to manage hotspot area and to establish the reduction plan considering with spatial-distribution on Korea TMDLs (Total Maximun Daily Loads) system. To solve this problems, methods of Load Duration Curve (LDC) using long-term flow and water quality data, and spatial-analysis were applied on present TMDLs. Jinwi A watershed which is enforced TMDLs plan were selected to study area. Results of application of suggested methods in this study to Jinwi watershed, Hwangguji tributary was selected to hotspot area and Jinwi tributary was exclued. Also, middle area of Hwangguji tributary was needed a reduction plan for the protection of non-point source pollution. In downstream area, livestock manure should be managed additionally. The new methods suggested in this study were useful to increase healthiness for total watershed.
송사리 알의 초기 발생과정을 이용한 매립지 침출수 독성도 평가
키이스 쿠우퍼,캐런 어스트필드,박석순,박배경 이화여자대학교 환경문제연구소 1997 이화환경연구 Vol.1 No.-
본 연구는 난지도 침출수의 독성도를 송사리 알의 발생과정을 이용하여 평가하였다. 1993년 6월과 1994년 2월에 매립시기가 서로 다른 지점으로부터 침출수를 채수하여 매립시기와 계절에 따른 독성도 차이를 비교하였다. 리어링용액으로 희석된 침출수 시료에 노출된 송사리 알의 치사율, 부화율, 그리고 결손율을 현미경하에서 관찰하여 LC()과 EC()을 산출하였다. 또한 결손부위와 정도를 관찰하여 원인물질을 추정하였다. 매립시기가 다른 지점에서 채취한 침출수의 독성도를 비교해 본 결과 95%의 신뢰구간내에서 매립후 경과기간이 독성도에 영향을 미치지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 난지도의 경우 모든 지점에서 매립쓰레기가 안정화되지 않은 것을 의미한다. 계절에 따른 침출수 독성도를 비교한 결과 강우량이 적은 2월에 채취한 침출수가 6월에 비하여 높은 독성도를 보였다. 본 연구에서 관찰된 결손형태는 내부기관의 출혈, 난막파괴(Chorion rupture), 심장 박동 및 혈액 순환 감소, 눈동자 크기의 미간거리 감소 등 대부분의 경우 동일시료에서 여러 형태의 결손이 발생하였는데 이는 난지도 침출수가 여러가지 유독성물질이 혼합된 상태에서 독성을 유발하는 것을 보여주는 것이다. Toxicity of landfill leachates was evaluated using embryo-larval assay of Rice Fish, Oryzias latipes. Leachates were collected from Nanji island landfill, Seoul Korea, June, 1993 and February, 1994. Series of leachate dilutions were made with aerated rearing solution. Embryo lethality, developmental abnormalities, developmental stage delays, and post-hatching were examined under dissecting microscope during exposure to the diluted leachate. The LC() and Ec() values with 955 confidence limit were calculated using probit analysis program developed by USEPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency). The results showed that winter time leachates were more toxic than summer time ones due to low precipitation. There was no significant difference in leachate toxicity between sampling sites. Multiple lesions were observed in the affected embryos. Major lesions were hemorrhage, reduced heart beat and circulation, and reduced eye ball and intereye distance. This result indicated that the major toxicants would be heavy metals, organic chemicals, and surfactants. It was concluded that all tested leachates should be highly toxic and contain complex mixtures of organic chemicals and heavy metals.