자연과학편 : 륙상선수(陸上選手)의 연령(年齡) 증가(增加)에 따른 운동부하후(運動負荷後) 심박수(心搏數) 및 혈압(血壓)의 변화(變化)

金亨烈(HyongLyuelKim),朴德一(DeokIlPark),權泰東(TaeDongKwon),黃樹寬(SooKwanHwang) 한국체육학회 1985 한국체육학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The purpose of this study was to analyze the changes of heart rate and blood pressure a 1'ter exercise with age in athletes. The subjects were seventy-nine male primary school, middle school, high school and college students divided into athletic and non-athletic groups. The exercise performed was 800m running at full speed on the traek.The results obtained axe summarized as follows:The hear: rate at rest was significantly lower in athletes than in non-athietes. And the difference larger with increasing age. During exercise (400m≫ the heart rate was higher in athletes than in non-athletes.The heart rate at 1 min after exercise (800m) was higher in non-athletes and lower in athletes than the respective values during exercise. And the difference was smaller with increasing age.The rate of recovery was significantly high immediately after exercise in athletes and in older age groupsThe systolic pressure at rest did not show any significant difference between non-athletes and athletes. Bu t during exercise and at 1 min after exercise the systolic pressure was higher in athletes than in non-athletes.In both groups the pressure was highest in college students and lowest in primary schoo1 students.Both in non-athletes and athletes, the rate of recovery was significantly high immediately after exercise in athletes and in the older age groups.The diastolic pressure was decreased compared with resting values from 5 min after exercise in athletes, but no significant difference was observed in non-athletes. Also it was increased with increasing age in athletes but there was no significant difference in non-athletes.

스포츠 생리학 : 종목별 운동선수 폐기능에 관한 연구 - 검도 , 펜싱 , 씨름 , 조정 대학 선수를 중심으로 -

권태동(TaeDongKwon),박덕일(DeokIlPark) 한국체육학회 1998 한국체육학회지 Vol.37 No.3

본연구는 체력단련이 폐기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 나아가 종목별 선수들의 폐기능을 비교 분석하여 선수군과 비선수군, 그리고 종목별 선수들간에 어떠한 차이가 있는지를 알아보고자 실시하였다. 연구대상으로 운동경력이 5년 이상에 달하는 남자 대학생 검도선수 15명, 펜싱선수 10명, 씨름선수 10명 및 카누선수 9명과, 선수경력이 없고 평소 규칙적으로 운동을 하지 않는 일반학생 10명을 임의 선정하였다. 이들을 대상으로 폐기능 검사를 실시한 후 각 집단간 차이를 비교 분석하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 정적폐용적에서 폐활량은 집단간에 유의차가 있었으며(p<0.01), 씨름선수군이 검도선수군과 비운동선수군보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높았다. 흡기예비량과 호기예비량에서는 집단간 유의차가 발견되지 않았다. 1회호흡량은 씨름선수군이 카누선수군 및 비운동선수군보다, 펜싱선수군이 카누선수군 보다, 그리고 검도선수군이 카누선수군보다 각각 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 동적폐용적에서 노력성 폐활량은 카누선수군이 검도선수군 및 비운동선수군보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 노력성 호기량 0.5초값, 1초값 및 1초율은 집단간에 유의차가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 노력성 호기유속 0.2-1.2L값, 25-75%값, 25%값, 50%값, 75%값 및 최대호기유속에서는 집단간에 유의차가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 노력성 흡기유속 0.5초값은 씨름선수군이 다른 집단보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 50%값 및 최대흡기유속은 씨름선수군이 펜싱선수군, 카누선수군 및 비운동선수군보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 것으로 나타났다. 초시흡기량 0.5초값에 대한 초시호기량 0.5초값의 비는 펜싱선수군이 검도선수군 및 씨름선수군보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 최대환기능은 각 집단간에 유의차가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 최대환기능 측정시의 호흡수는 검도선수군이 다른 집단보다, 그리고 펜싱선수군, 카누선수군 및 비운동선수군이 씨름선수군보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 것으로 나타났다. 최대환기능 측정시의 평균1회호흡량은 씨름선수군이 다른집단보다 유의하게(p<0.05) 높은 것으로 나타났다. This study was aimed to elucidate the effect of physical fitness training on pulmonary function. 44 healthy male subjects(15 Kumdo players, 10 Fencing players, 10 Ssirum players and 9 Rowing players) who have undergone regular physical training for more than five years were randomly chosen as athletic subjects, and 10 regular students who have not been engaged in any form of regular physical exercise or training were chosen as nonathletic subjects. The measurement results of pulmonary function test were compared among athletic groups by events and nonathletic group. The results were summarized as follows. 1. In static lung volume, VC was significantly(p<0.01) different among each group. Especially Ssirum group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than Kumdo group and Nonathletic group. IRV and ERV showed no significant difference among each group. TV was significantly(p<0.05) different among each group, and Ssirum group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than Rowing group and Nonathletic group. 2. In dynamic lung volume, FVC was significantly(p<0.05) different among each group. Especially Rowing group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than Kumdo group and Nonathletic group. FEV_(0.5), FEV₁ and FEV₁/FVC were not significantly different among each group. 3. FEF_(0.2∼1.2L), FEF_(25∼75%), FEF_(25%), FEF_(50%), FEF_(75%) and PEF were not significantly different among each group. 4. FIV_(0.5) were significantly(p<0.05) different among each group. Especially Ssirum group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than other groups. FIF_(50%) and PIF were significantly(p<0.01, p<0.05 respectively) different among each group. These values of Ssirum group were significantly(p<0.05) higher than those of Fencing group, Rowing group and Nonathletic group. FEV_(0.5)/FIV_(0.5) was also significantly(p<0.05) different among each group. The value of Fencing group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than that of Kumdo group and Ssirum group. 5. MVV was not significantly different among each group. But RR and MTV measured during MVV measurement were significantly(p<0.001) different among each group. Kumdo group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than other groups in RR, and Ssirum group was significantly(p<0.05) higher than other groups in MTV.

자연과학편 : Track 경기(競技) 종목별(種目別) 운동부하후(運動負荷後) 심박수(心搏數) 및 혈압(血壓)의 변화(變化)

黃秉式(ByungSikHwang),權泰東(TaeDongKwon),朴德一(DeokIlPark),黃樹寬(SooKwanHwang) 한국체육학회 1984 한국체육학회지 Vol.23 No.2

In order to study the changes of heart rate and blood pressure after exercise in different track events, one hundred and one subjects aged between 14~18 years were divided into athletic and non-athletic groups. The exercise performed was 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m, 1,500m and 5,000m running at full speed on the track respectively.The results obtained are summarized as follows:The heart rate at rest was significantly lower in athletes than in non-athletes, especially in 200m, 400m, 800m, 1, 500m and 5, 000m running. After the exercise, athletes showed lower values and made a more rapid recovery than non-athletes in 400m, 800m, 1, 500m and 5, 000m running. In comparison among different track events, non-athletes showed higher values in 1, 500m and 5, 000m but athletes showed higher values in 200m and 400m than in the other events.The systolic blood pressure at rest showed no significant difference between two groups. But after the exercise, athletes showed significantly higher values and made a more rapid recovery than non-athletes. In comparison among different track events, both groups showed higher values in 800m than in the other events.The diastolic blood pressure after the exercise was higher in 100m, 200m,400ra and 800m but lower in 1,500m and 5, 000m in athletes than in non-athletes. In comparison among different track events, both groups showed higher values in 200m and 400m than in the other events.The pulse pressure at rest showed no significant difference between two groups except in 800m. In 800m, athletes showed significantly lower values than non-athletes at rest. After the exercise, athletes showed higher values in all events and also made a more rapid recovery than non-athletes. In comparison among different track events, both groups showed higher values in 800m, 1, 500m and 5,000m and especially in 800m.The mean arterial pressure at rest was higher in athletes than in non-athletes. Also after the exercise, athletes generally showed higher values in all events and especially significantly higher values in 200m 400m and 800m than non-athletes. In comparison among different track events, both groups showed higher values in 200 m, 400m and 800m than in the other events.

자연과학편 : 고등학교운동선수(高等學校運動選手)에서 운동강도(運動强度)의 차이(差異)에 따른 심맥계(心脈系) 및 혈액성분(血液成分)의 변화(變化)

박해원(HaeWonPark),박윤엽(YoonYubPark),이원정(WonJungLee),박덕일(DeokIlPark),황수관(SooKwanHwang),주영은(YoungEunChoo) 한국체육학회 1991 한국체육학회지 Vol.30 No.1

運動强度의 差에 따른 生理學的인 變化를 究明하고자, 15∼18세의 男子 고등학생중 運動選手 14명과 非選手 16명을 대상으로 하여 VO₂max의 50%와 80% 운동시에 心拍數, 血壓, 血液pH, 血中乳酸, 血糖 및 insulin濃度를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.心拍數는 선수군이 비선수군에 비해 유의하게 낮았고, 50%운동시 선수군은 138.1회, 비선수군은 146.1회정도 증가하였고, 80%운동시에는 선수군은 177.3회, 비선수군은 176.5회 증가하였다. 선수군은 운동중에 서서히 증가하였고, 운동후에 빨리 회복되었다.血壓중에 收縮期血壓은 50%운동시 선수군 및 비선수군 각각 146.0mmHg 및 145.4mmHg로 비슷하게 증가하였고, 80%운동시에는 선수군이 180.6mmHg의 증가로 비선수군의 162.3mmHg 증가에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 회복초기에 급속히 회복하여 회복 5분에 운동전의 값으로 회복되었고, 회복 10분에는 운동전의 값보다 다소 낮았다. 擴張期血壓은 운동전후 별 차이가 없었다.RPP는 운동전 선수군 8.97×10³mmHg.bpm, 비선수군 10.63×10³mmHg.bpm이었고, 50%운동시에는 선수군이 16.30×10³mmHg.bpm의 증가로 비선수군의 19.25×10³mmHg.bpm에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며, 80%운동시에는 선수군이 28.25×10³mmHg.bpm으로 비선수군의 27.23×10³mmHg.bpm과 거의 같은 값으로 증가하였다.運動持續時間은 50%운동시는 선수군은 7분 49초로 비선수군의 5분 32초에 비해 유의하게 길었고, 80%운동시는 선수군이 12분 3초로 비선수군의 7분 13초에 비해 유의하게 길었다.最大酸素攝取量은 선수군이 53.3㎖/㎏/min로서 비선수군의 38.9㎖/㎏/min에 비해 유의하게 높았다.血中pH는 양군 모두 50%운동시에는 운동전에 비해 별 감소가 없다가, 80%운동시에는 유의하게 감소하였고, 血中 乳酸濃度는 50%운동시에는 별 증가가 없다가, 80% 운동시에는 운동전에 비해 유의하게 증가하였다.血糖은 선수군에서 운동중 별 변화가 없었으나, 비선수군에서는 운동강도가 증가됨에 따라 다소 감소하였고, 血中 insulin은 50%운동 및 80%운동시에 유의하게 감소하였으며, 이중 선수군이 더 크게 감소하였다. Hematocrit은 50%운동 및 80%운동중에 증가하였다.이상의 結果로 미루어 VO₂max의 50∼80% 運動强度는 心拍數 140∼177회에 해당되는 강도로서, 먼저 50%운동시에는 血壓이 145mmHg 정도 증가되고 心筋酸素消費量은 다소 증가되나, 血液pH, 乳酸濃度 및 血糖은 별 변화가 없으므로, 이 정도의 운동강도는 주로 乳酸素代謝에 의해 이루어지고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 이에 반해 80%운동시에는 循環機能은 물론 血液成分이 유의하게 변화하였으므로, 이 운동강도는 無酸素代謝에 의해서도 에너지가 이용되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 選手群이 VO₂max가 높고, 心臟의 收縮力 및 效率性이 높으며, 運動中에 血中 乳酸 및 insulin 濃度가 비선수에 비해 낮은 것으로 보아 에너지를 더 效率的으로 利用할 수 있음을 알 수 있다. In order to elucidate the physiologic effects of different loads of exercise, heart rate, blood pressure, blood pH, and blood lactate, glucose and insulin concentrations were measured from 14 athletic and 16 non-athletic high school boys aged between 15-18 years during and after submaximal exercises to 50% and 80% of VO₂max.Heart rate was significantly lower in athletes than in non-athletes. During 50%-exercise, it was increased to 138.1min^-1 in athletes and 146.1min^-1 in non-athletes. During 80%-exercise, it was increased to 177.3min^-1 in athletes and l76.5min^-1 in non-athletes. In athletes, the heart rate showed slower increase during exercise and more rapid recovery after exercise than in nonathletes.Systolic blood pressure showed similar increase in athletes and non-athletes, to 146.0 and 145.4 mmHg, during 50%-exercise respectively. During 80%-exercise, it was increased to 180.6mmHg in athletes which was significantly higher than 162.3mmHg in non-athletes. It showed rapid recovery after exercise, was restored to the resting value at 5min, and was further decreased at 10 min after exercise. Diastolic pressure was not altered significantly with exercise.RPP at rest was 8.92 x 10³mmHg. bpm in athletes and 10.63 x 10³mmHg. bpm in non-athletes. During 50%-exercise, it was increased to 16.30 X 10³mmHg. bpm in athletes which was significantly lower than 19.25x10³mmHg.bpm in non-athlete. During 80%-exercise, it was increased to 28.25x10³mmHg.bpm in athletes which was similar to 27.23×10³mmHg.bpm in non-athletes.Exercise time was 7min 49sec in athletes which was significantly longer than 5min 32sec in non-athletes during 50%-exercise. During 80%-exercise, it was 12min 3sec in athletes which was significantly longer than 9 min 13sec in non-athletes.Maximum oxygen uptake was 53.3㎖/㎏/min in athletes which was significantly higher than 38.9㎖/㎏/min in non-athletes.Blood pH was not altered significantly with 50%-exercise but decreased significantly after 80% exercise in both groups. Blood lactate was increased after exercise in both groups with significant difference shown only in 80%-exercise.Blood glucose was not altered with exercise in athletes but was more or less decreased with increasing load of exercise in non-athletes. Blood insulin level was significantly decreased after 50% and 80%-exercise where athletes showed greater decrease. Hematocrit was increased after 50%-and 80%-exercise.In summary, exercise load of 50∼80% of VO₂max was equivalent to 140∼177bpm of heart rate. Exercise to 50% VO₂max caused increase of blood pressure to about 145mmHg and increased myocardial oxygen consumption but did not alter the blood pH, lactate and glucose, a result attributable mainly to an aerobic metabolism. Exercise to 80% VO₂max caused significant change in the circulatory function as well as blood chemistry to suggest that anaerobic metabolism was also utilized. And the athletes showed higher VO₂max, cardiac contractility and efficiency, and lower blood lactate and insulin during exercise suggesting more efficient utilization of energy than non-athletes.