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朴紀秉 관동대학교 1996 關大論文集 Vol.24 No.2
Die offentliche Hand verfolgt mit Subvention stets einen offentlichen Zweck. Das Subventionsrecht kennt keine allgemeinen gesetzliche Vorschriften uber die Ausgestaltung und Abwicklung von Subventionsverhaltnissen, insbesondere nicht zu den moglichen Handlungsformen bei der Subventionsevergabe. Dabei Kommen als Handlungsformen grundsatzlich der Verwaltungsakt oder der Abschluβ eines offentlish-rechtlichen Vertrags in Betracht. Erfolgt die subventionierung durch den offentlich-rechtliche vertrag, kann der nichtsubventionierte Konkurrent durch die Feststellungsklage sein rechtsschtzbegehren effektiv durchsetzen. Nach § 43 Abs. 1 VwGO muβder Klager gegenuber den Beklagten ein berechtigtes Interesse an der Feststellung haben. Als berechtigtes Interesse ist jedes nach vernuftigen Erwagungen nach Lage des Falles aufgrund einer gesetzilchen regelung oder nach allgemeinen rechtsrundsatzen anzuerkennende schutzurdiges Interesse rechtlicher, wirtschaftlicher oder auch ideeler oder rein personlicher Art anzusehen. Angesichts der Ermangelung einer der Klagebegugnis entsprechenden Zulassigkeitsvoraussetzung bei der Feststellungsklage besteht gerade hier die Gefahr, daβ Querulanten ohne Grund alle moglichen Rechtseverhaltnisse durch die Gerichte feststellen lassen. Aus Diesen Grund ist die analoge Anwendung des § 42 Abs. 2 VwGO auf die Feststellungsklage des Drittrechtsverhaltnisses nicht zu beanstanden. Wenn man die Klagebefugnis des nichtsubventionierten Konkurrenten gegen willkurliche Subventionierung durch Verwaltungsakt anerkennt, ist die Klagebefugnis des Klagers bei der Kondurrentenfeststellungsklage ohne weiteres anzuerkennen, wenn nach seinem Vortrag es moglich erscheint, daβder Subventionsvertrag den grundrechtlich geschutzten Bereich beeintrachtigt.
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유기질 비료와 식물 생장촉진 미생물의 혼합 비율별 상추의 생육에 미치는 영향
박기병,조세열,이인규 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2023 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.35 No.4
This study aimed to develop organic fertilizers that are more effective than existing ones via mixing plant growth-promoting microorganisms with them. The TB B1-B5 (Bacillus licheniformis) strain was isolated from the livestock composting process. Lettuce seed germination experiments and lettuce growth promotion tests were conducted with other plant growth-promoting microorganisms. The TB B1-B5 strain showed a superior germination promotion effect compared to other growth-promoting microorganisms and promoted lettuce growth in pot experiments. To mix organic fertilizers and the selected TB B1-B5 strains, experiments were conducted for each ratio of lettuce and organic fertilizers. Growth was excellent in the treatment with 1% organic fertilizers. In addition, the mixing ratio of 1% organic fertilizers and 5% TB B1-B5 strains promoted lettuce growth. Based on the results of this experiment, the optimal ratio of organic fertilizer and TB B1-B5 strains was confirmed; adding a mixture of 1% organic fertilizers and 5% TB B1-B5 strains was found to be more effective on plant growth than the input. The results of this study suggest the possibility of developing organic fertilizers that are superior to existing organic fertilizers and are believed to be an indicator for sustainable and eco-friendly agriculture practices in the future.
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만성 경부 통증환자에 대한 후-전방 가동기법이 경부 가동범위와 통증에 미치는 영향
박기병,공원태,배성수,Park, Ki-Byoung,Gong, Won-Tae,Bae, Sung-Soo 대한물리치료학회 2005 대한물리치료학회지 Vol.17 No.4
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of manual therapies which are Posterior Anterior Central Vertebral Pressure (PACVP) and Posterior Anterior Unilateral Vertebral Pressure(PAUVP} in patients having a chronic pain in the neck. This study focused on sixty patients having a chronic pain in the neck from 19 years old and 65years old. There are 33 females and 27 males each. This study randomize two groups from all subjects that have been mentioned above. Group 1 received a cervical spine manual therapy, Group 2 received a conservative physical therapy. Each therapy was held for 3 times a week, totally, 6 times for two weeks. The tape was used to measure cervical range of motion(ROM) in six areas-flexion, extension, left lateral flexion, right lateral flexion, left rotation, right rotation. 100mm Visual Analogue Scale(100mm VAS) was used to measure the subjective pain level. All measurements of each patient were measured at pre-treatment and 2 weeks post-treatment. The results of this study would be summarized as follow: 1. The manual treatment group has much more recovery than that of conservative physical therapy group in terms of the degree of the ROM improvement showing a significant difference between two groups(p<0.05) 2. The manual treatment group has more recovery than that of the conservative physical therapy group in the improvement of pain(p<0.05).
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박기병,주용성,박덕근,Park, Ki-Byung,Joo, Yong-Sung,Park, Dug-Keun 한국데이터정보과학회 2011 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.22 No.4
현재까지 우리나라뿐만 아니라 세계적으로 급경사지 붕괴는 대표적인 자연재해로 알려져 있다. 급경사지 붕괴 피해를 방지하기 위해 행해진 많은 선행 연구를 바탕으로 일부 국내기관에서는 급경사지 평가표를 만들어 붕괴 예측에 활용하고 있다. 하지만, 대부분의 기존 연구는 비통계전문가들에 의해 행해졌기 때문에 평가표 구성의 통계적 타당성을 제시하지 못했다. 본 연구는 전국 지역을 대상으로 급경사지 (암반사면, 토사사면) 붕괴에 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상되는 인자들의 자료를 수집하고 그 인자들의 가중치를 판정하기 위하여 로지스틱 회귀분석 방법을 사용하였다. 선행연구들 중에 로지스틱 회귀분석을 이용한 기존의 연구들이 있었지만 다중공선성을 전혀 고려하지 않았기 때문에 결과가 신뢰할 만하지 못하다. 본 연구에서는 다중공선성을 제거된 급경사지 붕괴 예측모형을 제시하였다. Land sliding is one of well-known nature disaster. As a part of effort to reduce damage from land sliding, many researchers worked on increasing prediction ability. However, because previous studies are conducted mostly by non-statisticians, previously proposed models were hardly statistically justifiable. In this paper, we predicted the probability of land sliding using the logistic regression model. Since most explanatory variables under consideration were correlated, we proposed the final model after backward elimination process.
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