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      • KCI등재

        루터의 종교개혁이 독일 문화에 미친 영향들

        박광우(Park, Kwangwoo) 순천향대학교 인문학연구소 2020 순천향 인문과학논총 Vol.39 No.2

        본 논문은 루터의 종교개혁이 독일 문화와 독일인들의 심성에 얼마나 많은 영향을 끼쳤는가에 대해서 분석을 하고, 그 결과를 토대로 현재 독일인들의 문화생활을 이해하는 데에 목적을 둔다. 루터는 그 당시 종교개혁이라는 사건을 일으키려고 하기보다는 가톨릭의 문제점을 지적하고 개선하려고 했다. 그러나 자신의 의지와는 달리 커다란 사건에 휘말리게 되고 가톨릭과 전혀 다른 길을 가게 된다. 이 과정에서 그는 성서를 모국어인 독일어로 번역했고, 코랄이라는 음악 형식을 발전시켰으며 직업에 대한 소명 의식을 강조하며 개인의 가치와 평등을 존중하는 근대적 사고방식을 발전시켜 오늘날 독일인들의 정신에 많은 영향을 끼치고 있다. 위대한 독일인 10인을 선정하라고 한다면, 그 순위 안에 항상 루터가 포함된다는 사실에서 그는 독일 문화 전반에 걸쳐 지대한 영향을 미치고 있다는 것을 알 수가 있다. This paper aims to analyze to what extent Luther s Reformation influenced German culture and German mentality, and based on the results, to understand the current cultural life of Germans. Luther tried to point out and improve problems of the Catholic church, rather start the Reformation. However, on the contrary, he was caught up in a big occurrance and outset a completely different path from Catholicism. In this process, he translated the Bible into his native language German, developed the musical form called “Choral”, and established a modern way of thinking that emphasizes his vocation to the profession and respects individual values. The fact that Luther is always included in the rankings, when choosing the ten great Germans, shows that he has a profound effect on the German culture.

      • KCI등재

        공적 예배의 의미 고찰 - 예배에 대한 슐라이어마허의 윤리적 이해를 중심으로

        박광우(Kwangwoo Park) 한국기독교학회 2021 한국기독교신학논총 Vol.119 No.-

        본 논문은 슐라이어마허의 예배에 대한 윤리적 이해를 바탕으로 코로나 시대와 같은 오늘날 공적 예배가 어떤 의미를 지니는지 알아보고자 한다. 슐라이어마허에 따르면 예배란 자연을 이성으로 문화화하는 윤리 과정 가운데 인간에게 주어진 존재론적 기초를 개성적으로 드러내는 인간의 행위이다. 인간의 실존적 조건인 개성과 공동성은 그의 존재론적 기초인 인간성을 새롭게 드러내거나 상대적으로 규정하는 가운데 상호작용함으로써 인간성의 점진적 개진에 기여한다. 슐라이어마허에게서 공적 예배는 개인의 개성적 종교성을 규정하면서도 개인의 개성적 종교성을 통하여 생동성을 얻는다. 그리고 공적 예배의 이행 핵심은 예배에 참여하는 사람들 간의 상호작용을 통한 개성과 공동성 간의 조화다. 이러한 이해에 따르면 공적 예배는 1) 개인의 종교성을 규정하여 의식시키는 가운데 그 스스로 성찰하도록 하여 자기절대화에 빠지지 않도록 하는 마중물이고, 2) 맹목적으로 강요되는 것이 아니라 개인의 주체적인 종교성을 기초로 한 생동적인 장이며, 3) 공적 예배에 참여하는 사람들이 상호작용하면서 그들의 공동적인 감정, 곧 하느님 나라의 정신을 함께 드러내는 곳이다. This study seeks to describe the significance of public worship within the context of the current Covid-19 pandemic, using Schleiermacher’s ethical understanding of worship. According to Schleiermacher, worship is a human activity which reenacts the ontological basis on which human beings are based through the ethical process of enculturating nature by reason. According to Schleiermacher, Individuality and communality as the existential conditions of human being freshly manifest and relatively define humanity as the ontological basis of human being, they also contribute to the gradual unfolding of humanity through their mutual interaction. For Schleiermacher, public worship plays the role of the providing a framework within which individual religiosity can find meaning and new vitality. The essence of the practice of public worship is the harmony between individuality and communality through the mutual interaction among people engaged in worship. When understood this way, public worship can 1) work as a means to prevent self-absolutization by making the self-conscious of the relativeness of its individual religiosity, 2) as a sphere of vitality that is grounded in the subjective religiosity of individuals and does not force itself on worshipers and 3) as a sphere where public-worship participants interact among themselves and their common feeling, the spirit of the kingdom of God is revealed.

      • KCI등재

        양심적 병역 거부에 대한 그리스도교 윤리학적 고찰 및 대안 모색: 슐라이어마허의 그리스도교 윤리학적 관점을 중심으로

        박광우(Kwangwoo Park) 연세대학교 신과대학(연합신학대학원) 2019 신학논단 Vol.96 No.-

        This study aims at the Christian ethical consideration of conscientious objection to military service in Korea based on the understanding of Christian ethics by Friedrich D. E. Schleiermacher in order to derive the alternative of resolving the conflict over discussion about conscientious objection to military service. The foundation of Schleiermacher’s Christian ethics is the existence of Christians. The existence of Christians is a combination of universality in which they are accepted in an unconditional relationship with God through Christ and specificity in which that relationship actually appears in part. The country is based on individuals carrying out productive activities to form nature based on reason and plays the role of identification, so that the members in the community can be connected with each other. For this, the self-defense of country is justified in the relationship with the other states which is conducted in the diplomatic and martial way. Schleiermacher’s understanding of obligatory military service of Christians is a combination of the existence of Christians and the understanding of the country as the place of their actions. Schleiermacher claimed that obligatory military service is ethically fair to Christians, but Christians must strive for tolerance of the minority that can show new possibilities of national development within the country. He also argued that international peace activities are also important in order to fundamentally restrict war. Here, there are three types of attitudes that must be taken by the Korean church and Christians toward conscientious objection to military service. First, Korean Christians must consider obligatory military service as neighborly love. Second, they must struggle to tolerate conscientious objectors, which are the minority, and amend related laws. Third, they must strive to peacefully resolve the conflict between South and North Korea, which is the source of obligatory military service. The ethical attitude and act of considering the reality of Christians and gradually aiming for the ideal will productively reject the argument about conscientious objection to military service, while also gradually bringing Korea closer to the ‘Kingdom of God’.

      • KCI등재
      • 변형 근치적 유방절제술 시행 환자의 방사선 치료 시 3D-bolus와 step-bolus의 비교 평가

        장원석,박광우,신동봉,김종대,김세준,하진숙,전미진,조윤진,정인호,Jang, Wonseok,Park, Kwangwoo,Shin, Dongbong,Kim, Jongdae,Kim, Seijoon,Ha, Jinsook,Jeon, Mijin,Cho, Yoonjin,Jung, Inho 대한방사선치료학회 2016 대한방사선치료학회지 Vol.28 No.1

        목 적 : 변형 근치적 유방절제술(modified radical mastectomy, MRM)후 흉벽에 전자선 치료를 받는 환자에게 3D-bolus와 step-bolus를 각각 적용하여 유용성을 비교 평가하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 본 연구는 광자선과 전자선을 이용한 역하키스틱법 방식으로 치료계획이 수립된 총 6명의 유방암 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 전방흉벽에 대한 전자선 처방선량은 회당 180 cGy로 3D 프린터(CubeX, 3D systems, USA)로 제작된 3D-bolus와 본원에서 자체 제작한 기존의 stepbolus를 적용하였다. 3D-bolus와 step-bolus에 대한 표면선량은 GAFCHROMIC EBT3 film (International specialty products, USA)을 이용하여, bolus의 다섯 측정지점(iso-center, lateral, medial, superior, and inferior)에 대한 선량 값을 통해 비교 분석하였다. 또한 3D-bolus와 step-bolus 적용에 따른 치료계획을 각각 수립하여 그 결과를 비교하였다. 결 과 : 표면선량은 3D-bolus 적용 시 평균 179.17 cGy이고 step-bolus는 172.02 cGy였다. 처방선량 180 cGy에 대한 평균 값의 오차율은 3D-bolus 적용 시 -0.47%이고 step-bolus는 -4.43%였다. 측정지점 iso-center에서의 오차율은 3D-bolus 적용 시 최대 2.69%의 차이를 보였고, step-bolus는 5.54%였다. 치료의 오차범위는 step-bolus에서 약 6%이고, 3D-bolus는 약 3%였다. 치료계획을 통해 비교한 흉벽의 평균 표적선량은 0.3%로 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 폐와 심장의 평균 표적선량은 step-bolus에 비해 3D-bolus에서 -11%와 -8%로 감소하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구 결과로 볼 때 흉벽에 대한 피부표면의 접촉면이 고려된 3D-bolus는 step-bolus에 비하여 환자 피부에 잘 밀착되고, 정밀한 흉벽두께 보상이 가능하기 때문에 선량 균일성이 향상됨을 확인하였다. 또한 흉벽에 대한 선량은 동일하지만 인접장기의 선량을 감소시켜 정상조직을 더 많이 보호함으로써 3D-bolus가 임상적으로 유용한 보상체로 사용될 것으로 사료된다. Purpose : This study aimed to compare and evaluate between the efficiency of two respective devices, 3D-bolus and step-bolus when the devices were used for the treatment of patients whose chest walls were required to undergo the electron beam therapy after the surgical procedure of modified radical mastectomy, MRM. Materials and Methods : The treatment plan of reverse hockey stick method, using the photon beam and electron beam, had been set for six breast cancer patients and these 6 breast cancer patients were selected to be the subjects for this study. The prescribed dose of electron beam for anterior chest wall was set to be 180 cGy per treatment and both the 3D-bolus, produced using 3D printer(CubeX, 3D systems, USA) and the self-made conventional step-bolus were used respectively. The surface dose under 3D-bolus and step-bolus was measured at 5 measurement spots of iso-center, lateral, medial, superior and inferior point, using GAFCHROMIC EBT3 film (International specialty products, USA) and the measured value of dose at 5 spots was compared and analyzed. Also the respective treatment plan was devised, considering the adoption of 3D-bolus and stepbolus and the separate treatment results were compared to each other. Results : The average surface dose was 179.17 cGy when the device of 3D-bolus was adopted and 172.02 cGy when step-bolus was adopted. The average error rate against the prescribed dose of 180 cGy was -(minus) 0.47% when the device of 3D-bolus was adopted and it was -(minus) 4.43% when step-bolus was adopted. It was turned out that the maximum error rate at the point of iso-center was 2.69%, in case of 3D-bolus adoption and it was 5,54% in case of step-bolus adoption. The maximum discrepancy in terms of treatment accuracy was revealed to be about 6% when step-bolus was adopted and to be about 3% when 3D-bolus was adopted. The difference in average target dose on chest wall between 3D-bolus treatment plan and step-bolus treatment plan was shown to be insignificant as the difference was only 0.3%. However, to mention the average prescribed dose for the part of lung and heart, that of 3D-bolus was decreased by 11% for lung and by 8% for heart, compared to that of step-bolus. Conclusion : It was confirmed through this research that the dose uniformity could be improved better through the device of 3D-bolus than through the device of step-bolus, as the device of 3D-bolus, produced in consideration of the contact condition of skin surface of chest wall, could be attached to patients' skin more nicely and the thickness of chest wall can be guaranteed more accurately by the device of 3D-bolus. It is considered that 3D-bolus device can be highly appreciated clinically because 3D-bolus reduces the dose on the adjacent organs and make the normal tissues protected, while that gives no reduction of dose on chest wall.

      • KCI등재

        온라인 개인간 대출시장에서의 차입자 특성 연구

        김학건(Hakkon Kim),박광우(Kwangwoo Park) 한국경영과학회 2013 韓國經營科學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

        In this paper, we examine factors of success in online P2P (peer-to-peer) lending auctions. This paper finds the following empirical results. First, loan applicants with a stable employment status are more likely to succeed in the auction than loan applicants with an unstable employment status. Second, loan applicants, who actively share personal information and interact with lenders through online message boards, are likely to succeed in the auction. Third, the purpose of a loan for debt repayment has a significant impact on the success of the auction. However, the purpose of a loan for essential living expenses such as housing, living, and medical expenses has an insignificant relationship with the success of the auction. Our results imply that the characteristics of loan applicants such as employment status and social interaction are the factors of success in online P2P lending auctions.

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