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스크래치 프로그래밍이 초등 영재학생들의 창의적 문제해결력에 미치는 효과
류충규,이철현 한국실과교육학회 2012 한국실과교육학회지 Vol.25 No.1
The purpose of this study is to look into the effects on abilities in creative problem solving by developing a class using Scratch programming and applying it to gifted elementary students who have just started programming for the first time. We confirmed the homogeneous group by conducting a creative problem-solving pre-test for more than 12 hours. The Scratch educational program was applied to an experimental class ,and the programming class, using Visual Basic, was applied to a comparison class. After the pre-test, we analyzed the test to check up on the educational effects on the abilities in creative problem solving. Here are the educational effects of the developed Scratch educational program. First, it's easy to use for educational programming for gifted elementary school students. In the test, the students who thought that this programming was hard could understand and use the programming easily. Second, the gifted students could learn the construction principle of the programming. The Korean version of Scratch Programming is available to immediately see the result by combining various blocks so that the gifted students can understand the construction principle of the programming. Third, students can improve abilities in creative problem solving, logical thinking, information processing, communication skills, and interaction skills. In the process of producing a creative output, the abilities of creative problem solving and information processing can be improved. Fourth, student-centered and self-directed learning can be done with the program. Gifted students who are tenacious with their assignments realized the way they self-study as the way the Scratch educational program led them to. While self-correcting their errors and producing creative outputs, they can learn actively. 이 연구는 프로그래밍을 처음 시작하는 초등 영재학생에게 스크래치라는 교육용 프로그램을 활용한 수업을 개발, 구안하여 이를 적용해 봄으로써 창의적 문제해결력에 미치는 효과를 알아보는것을 목적으로 하였다. 실험반과 비교반에 사전 창의적 문제해결력 검사를 실시하여 동질 집단임을 확인하고, 실험반은스크래치 교육 프로그램을 적용하였고, 비교반은 비주얼베이식을 활용한 프로그래밍 수업을 적용하였다. 실험실시 후 교육적 효과를 알아보기 위하여 창의적 문제해결력을 검사하고 분석하였다. 이 연구에서 개발한 스크래치 교육 프로그램의 교육적 효과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 초등학교 영재학생들을 대상으로 프로그래밍 교육에 쉽게 활용할 수 있다. 프로그래밍을어렵게만 생각하던 초등 영재학생들이 이 스크래치 교육 프로그램을 통하여 쉽게 활용, 이해할 수있었다. 둘째, 초등 영재학생들이 프로그래밍을 구조화 원리를 학습할 수 있었다. 스크래치 한글판은 다양한 블록을 결합하여 바로 결과를 알 수 있어 보다 손쉽게 프로그래밍 구조화 원리를 이해할 수있다. 셋째, 학생들의 창의적 문제해결력, 논리적 사고력, 정보 처리능력, 의사소통 능력, 상호 작용 능력을 신장시킬 수 있다. 프로그래밍된 다양한 블록을 활용하여 창의적인 산출물을 제작하는 과정에서 창의적 문제해결력, 정보처리 능력을 기를 수 있다. 넷째, 학생 중심의 자기 주도적 프로그램 학습이 이루어 질 수 있다. 과제 집착력이 강한 초등영재학생들은 스크래치 교육 프로그램에서 안내하는 대로 학습을 진행하다 보면 스스로 학습하는방법을 깨달아가게 된다. 스스로 오류를 수정하고 창의적인 산출물을 제작하는 과정에서 자신이주체가 되어 능동적으로 학습할 수 있게 된다.
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柳忠珪 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1986 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.38 No.-
2β-Hydroxymethyl-pinan-3-one(1),2-methylpinan-3-one(2), 2-methyl-pinan-3-one(2), 2-methyl-pinan-2β-ol(3), 3α-hydroxymethyl-caran -4-one(4), 4β-acetoxymethyl-thujan-3-one(5)와 (-)isothujone(6)의 입체구조를 400Hz, 90Hz와 60Hz ^1H-NMR-spectra를 이용해서 연구했다, 병행하여 double resonance방법을 도입해서 long range coupling 연구를 시도했다. J치에 근거를 두어 최대의 가능성을 갖는 입체구조를 유출했다· Pinane 유도체인 1, 2와 3은 semi boat형의 평평한 bicyclohexane 이었다. Carane 유도체 4는 심하게 변형된 평평한 boat form이었다. 그리고 thujane 유도체 4와 5는 평평한 오환형을 갖는 L字型의 구조였다. The conformations of 2β-hydroxymethyl-pinan-3-one(l), 2-methyl-pinall-3-one(2), 2-methyl-pinan-2β-ol(3), 3α-hydroxymethyl-caran-4-one(4), 4β-ace-toxymethyl- thujan-3-one(5) and (-)-isothujone(6) have been studied by 400 MHz and 90 MHz ^1H-NMR-spectroscopy with double resonance technique. On the basis of the spin-spin couplings derived, conformations have been deduced for these molecules with greater certaintv than has hitherto been possible. In the case of the pinane derivatives 1, 2 and 3, the bicyclohexane ring prefers a flattened semiboat conformation. The carane derivative 4 has a severe deformed boat conformation. The spectra in thujane derivatives 5 and 6 indicated a flat five membered ring and an L-shaped conformation.
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심길순,박대성,문창규,류충규,박인춘,전인수,하배진,박인우,박영현,윤세숙 한국약제학회 1980 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.10 No.2
In order to clarify the actual state of the damage of confectionery caused by pest insects in Young-Nam and Ho-nam area, the research for the purpose of controlling them was carried out in the period from May in 1979 to March in 1980. The confections were purchased from the confectioners, groceries, super-markets and department stores which were located in six representative areas of Ho-Nam and Young-Nam, and examined both microscopically and microscopically whether they were containing insects or not. The results are summarized as follows ; The most important insect found in the confections was especially Indian meal moth., Plodia interpunctella Hu¨bner. It had three generations a year and its peak of appearance of the adult was from the middle of July to the beginning of August in general. The period of time of its adult activity and mating behavior was investigated. The order Coleptera of pest insects was found in various confections. The main species was Saw-teethed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis Linne´, and four species, Silvanus affinis Reitter, Aethina aeneipennis Reiter, Anthrenus Pimpinellae Fabricius, and Sitophilus oryzae Linne´ were detected.
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정상 및 허혈/재관류 흰쥐 심장에 대한 2-클로로-3-(4-시아노페닐아미노)-1-4-나프토퀴논 (NQ-Y15)의 작용
문창현(Chang Hyun Moon),김지영(Ji Young Kim),백은주(Eun Joo Baik),이수환(Soo Hwan Lee),류충규(Chung Kyu Ryu) 대한약학회 1997 약학회지 Vol.41 No.6
Studies on the effect of quinones on cardiac function has been conducted with normal hearts. But not with injured hearts, I.e. ischemia/reperfusion-injured heart. Quinone compounds are known to produce oxygen free radicals during metabolism, and for this reason, quinones are implicated in the aggravation of ischemia/reperfusion injury or cardioprotection, as in the case of ischemic preconditioning depending on the experimental conditions. The present study was carried out to examine the effect of 2-chloro-3-(4-cyanophenylamino)-1.4 naphthoquinone (NQ-Y15) on cardiac function of ischemic/reperfused and normal rat hearts. In isolated perfused hearts, various functional parameters such as left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (EDP) and maximum positive and negative dP/dt (+/-dP/dtmax), time to contracture, heart rate (HR) and coronary flow rate (CFR) were measured before and 30 min after dosing and following 25 min ischemia/30min reperfusion. NQ-Y15 increased LVDP, +dP/dtmax and -dP/dtmin by 18%. 30%, and 40%, respectively. There were no significant changes in other haemodynamic parameters. After ischemia/reperfusion injury, pretreatment with NQ-Y15 induced a significant decrease in LVDP and +/-dP/dtmax, but an increase in EDP. LDH-release was not significantly increased. These results suggested that NQ-Y15 may augment the ventricular contractility but it makes hearts more vulnerable to ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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