가스분사 분말로부터 고온 압출된 Al-Ni-Mm-(Cu, Fe)합금들의 미세구조 및 기계적 성질

김혜성,Kim, Hye-Sung 한국재료학회 2006 한국재료학회지 Vol.16 No.2

The effects of Cu and Fe additions on the thermal stability, microstructure and mechanical properties of $Al_{85}-Ni_{8.5}-Mm_{6.5},\;Al_{84}-Ni_{8.5}-Mm_{6.5}Cu_1,\;Al_{84}-Ni_{8.5}-M_{m6.5}Fe_1$ alloys, manufactured by gas atomization, degassing and hot-extrusion were investigated. Gas atomization, with a wide super-cooled liquid region, allowed the alloy powders to exhibit varying microstructure depending primarily on the powder size and composition. Al hotextruded alloys consisted of homogeneously-distributed fine-grained fcc-Al matrix and intermetallic compounds. A substitution of 1 at.% Al by Cu increased the thermal stability of the amorphous phase and produced alloy microstructure with smaller fcc-Al grains. On the other hand, the same substitution of 1 at.% Al by Fe decreased the stability of the amorphous phase and produced larger fcc-Al grains. The formation of intermetallic compounds such as $Al_3Ni,\;Al_{11}Ce_3\;and\;Al_{11}La_3$ was suppressed by the addition of Cu or Fe. Among the three alloys examined, the highest Vickers hardness and compressive strength were obtained for $Al_{84}-Ni_{8.5}-M_{m6.5}Cu_1$ alloy, and related to the finest fcc-Al grain size attained from increased thermal stability with Cu addition.

포커스 - 해외연수 결과보고: 제23차 방재공직자 호주.뉴질랜드 해외연수

김혜성,Kim, Hye-Seong 한국방재협회 2012 방재저널 Vol.14 No.1

급냉응고법에 의한 In-Situ 복합재료로서의 Al-10wt%Ti-4wt%Fe 합금 (II)

김혜성,정재필,권숙인,금동화,Kim, Hye-Seong,Jeong, Jae-Pil,Gwon, Suk-In,Geum, Dong-Hwa 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.12

본 연구에서는 Al-10wt%Ti-4wt%Fe 복합재료를 in-situ공정으로 제조할 수 있는 가능성 및 2 원계 Al-10wt%Ti 복합재료의 낮은 기계적 성질(탄성계수, 상온 고온강도, 내마모특성 등)을 PM SiC/2124 복합재료 수준 흑은 그 이상으로 향상시킬 수 있는 가능성을 조사하였다. 제조된 Al-10wt%Ti-4wt%Fe 합금은 불연속 SiC 강화상으로 보강된 Al-기지 복합재료($SiC{w}$/2124)와 유사한 미세구조를 보여주었으며, 탄성계수 및 인장강도, 내마모성질 등의 기계적 특성이 2원계 Al-10%Ti 합금각 비교해 현저하게 향상되었음이 관찰되었다. 위의 결과는 초정 $Al_3Ti$상 외에도 Fe 원소의 첨가를 통한 추가적인 $Al_{x}Fe$의 분산강화 효과에 기인한 것으로 해석된다. The possibilities of producing Al-10%Ti-4%Fe composites through in-situ processing and thus achieving mechanical property improvements over binary Al-10%Ti to a level or higher exhibited by PM SiC/A12124 composites were explored in this study. The microstructure of in-situ processed Al-10%Ti-4%Fe composites was similar to that of Al matrix composites reinforced with discontinuous SiC particulates(SiC/A12124) and significant enhancements in elastic modulus, tensile strength and wear resistance were observed as compared to Al-10%Ti alloy. These results can be attributed to the in-situ formed Al. Fe by third element addition, leading to additional dispersion strengthening effect over $Al_3Ti$ phase reinforcement in Al-Ti system.

Effect of Composition of Bond Coating on the Durability of the Plasma Sprayed $\textrm{ZrO}_2$-$\textrm{CeO}_2$-$\textrm{Y}_2\textrm{O}_3$ Thermal Barrier Coating

김혜성,김병희,서동수,Kim, Hye-Seong,Kim, Byeong-Hui,Seo, Dong-Su Materials Research Society of Korea 1999 한국재료학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The effect of alloy compositions of the bond coating on the plasma sprayed-thermal barrier coatings was investigated. The performance of the coating composed of Rene80/NiCrAl/ZrO$_2$-CeO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$ and Rene80/CoNiCrAlY/ZrO$_2$-CeO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$was evaluated by isothermal and thermal cyclic test in an ambient atmosphere at 115$0^{\circ}C$. The failure of Rene80/NiCrAl/ZrO$_2$-CeO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$ coatings was occurred at the bond coating/ceramic coating interface while Rene80/CoNiCrAlY/ZrO$_2$-CeO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$ coating was failed at the substrate/bond coating interface after thermal cyclic test. The lifetime of Rene80/NiCrAl/ZrO$_2$-CeO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$coatings was longer than Rene80/CoNiCrAlY/ZrO$_2$-CeO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$coating. The oxidation rate of the NiCrAl bond coating examined by TGA was lower than CoNiCrAlY bond coatings. In summary, these results suggest that Rene80/CoNiCrAlY/ZrO$_2$-CeO$_2$-Y$_2$O$_3$system as thermal barrier coating be not suitable considering the durability of the coating layer for high temperature oxidation and thermal stress.

STS 316L 소결체의 대기중 고온산화 거동

김혜성,이종필,박동규,안인섭,Kim, Hye Seong,Lee, Jong Pil,Park, Dong Kyu,Ahn, In Shup 한국분말야금학회 2013 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.20 No.6

In this study, analysis on the oxidation behavior was conducted by a series of high-temperature oxidation tests at both $800^{\circ}C$, $900^{\circ}C$ and 1000 in the air with sintered STS 316L. The weight gain of each oxidized specimen was measured, the oxidized surface morphologies and composition of oxidation layer were analyzed with Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive x-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), finally, the phase change and composition of the oxidized specimen were shown by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). As a result, the weight gain increased sharply at $1000^{\circ}C$ when oxidation test was conducted for 210 hours. Also, a plentiful of pores were observed in the surface oxidation layers at $900^{\circ}C$ for 210 hours. In addition, the following conclusions on oxidation behavior of sintered STS 316L can be obtained: $Cr_2O_3$ can be formed on pores by influxing oxygen through open-pores, $(Fe_{0.6}Cr_{0.4})_2O_3$ can be generated on the inner oxidation layer, and $Fe_2O_3$ was on the outer oxidation layer. Also, $NiFe_2O_4$ could be precipitated if the oxidation time was kept longer.

기계적 합금화법에 의해 제조된 Al+Al3Ti합금 및 Al+10wt.%Ti합금의 고용현상

김혜성,이정일,김긍호,금동화,서동수( Hye Sung Kim,Jung Ill Lee,Gyeung Ho Kim,Dong Wha Kum,Dong Soo Shur ) 한국열처리공학회 1996 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.9 No.2

The solubility of Ti in Al matrix was determined by X-ray diffraction method on two different mechanical alloying systems, i.e Al+Al₃Ti and Al+Ti alloys. Starting powder compositions of two systems were chosen for final volume fraction of Al₃Ti phase being 25%. The solubility of Ti in α-Al was estimated by the lattice parameter measurement of Al. For Al+Al₃Ti mixture, it appeared that some of Al₃Ti particles decomposed during milling and maximum solubility of Ti in A1 was about 0.99%. The majority of Al₃Ti particles were dispersed uniformly in Al matrix, having approximate size of 100∼200㎚. On the other hand, higher Ti solubility of 1.24 wt.% was found in Al+Ti system, with starting composition of Al+10 wt.%Ti. After 15 hours of milling, Ti phase was identified as 20㎚ sized particles embedded in Al matrix. The annealing of mechanically alloyed powders from Al+Al₃Ti and Al+10 wt.%Ti systems was followed in the temperature range of 200 to 600℃ to study thermal stability of supersaturated solution of Al(Ti). After annealing, the lattice parameter of A1 reverted back to that of pure Al, and the peak intensity ratio of Al₃Ti/Al was increased more than the original value before annealing. These results suggest that Ti dissolve into alpha-Al solutions during milling, and by annealing, Do_(22)-Al₃Ti phase forms from Al(Ti) solution.

STS 316L 소결재료의 내식특성에 미치는 합금원소 첨가방법의 영향

김혜성,김유영,박동규,안인섭,Kim, Hye Seong,Kim, Yoo Young,Park, Dong Kyu,Ahn, In Shup 한국분말야금학회 2013 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.20 No.3

In this study, STS 316L powders with 3 wt.% Cu and 1 wt.% Sn known as corrosion-resistance reinforcement elements, are prepared to make different kinds of specimens, in which, 3 wt.% Cu and 1 wt.% Sn are added in different forms by mixing, alloying and fully alloying. After sintering in the same condition, the corrosion resistance, wear resistance and their mechanical properties of specimens are tested respectively. According to the comparison, STS 316L specimen sintered at $1270^{\circ}C$ showed the most excellent mechanical property: HRB 78 (hardness), 1130.7 MPa (RCS), 26.6% (Fraction Wear), It was similar with the specimen made of STS316L and fully alloyed Cu and Sn powders, meanwhile, the latter one appears the best corrosion resistance, 75hrs-salt immersion test results. In addition, the specimens with Cu and Sn powders additive showed relatively worse wear resistance in compared with STS316L specimen.

사례분석에 의한 강구조 스타디움 레일 시스템 분류

김혜성,윤성원,Kim, Hye-Seong,Yoon, Sung-Won 한국공간구조학회 2010 한국공간구조학회지 Vol.10 No.1

국내에 설치될 강구조 스타디움에 향후 신재생에너지 중 하나인 태양광 발전을 위한 PV 시스템을 적용하는 것에 따른 강재 어레이에 관한 기초 연구로 해외의 사례를 토대로 구성되었다. 연구를 진행하기 위하여 1990년대 이후 PV 시스템이 적용된 강구조 스타디움 20건을 사례 분석 대상으로 선정하였다. 선정된 20건의 강구조 스타디움을 PV 모듈을 고정하기 위하여 설치된 레일 시스템에 따라 분류해 보았다. 그 결과 격자고정방식 중 선형모듈고정방식과 지붕 통합형이 전체의 28%에 해당되는 것으로 조사되었으며 그 뒤로 레일 고정형 17%, 세로 고정방식 중 모듈그룹 고정 11% 순으로 조사되었다. 또한 스타디움 내부에는 주로 격자 고정방식 중 선형모듈 고정방식과 지붕통합형이 적용되고 있었으며 스타디움 외부나 그 외 부분에서는 앵글 브라킷으로 PV 모듈이 고정되고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. This paper focuses on steel arrays regarding the application of PV system for solar power system, a renewable energy in steel structure stadium that will be built in Korea, by foreign case study. 20 cases of Steel Structure Stadiums applying PV system after 1990 were selected as the main subjects. The 20 cases of Steel Structure Stadiums were categorized by rail systems that were installed to fix PV module. As the result, linear clamping and roof-integrated type among cross rails were 28% of the whole, followed by 17% of rail-fixed type and 11% of module group-fixed type among vertical-fixed types. In addition, linear clamping and roof-integrated type among cross rails were applied in the inside of the stadium while the outside and other parts of stadiums used angle bracket to fix PV module.

왕청임(王淸任)의 활혈거어법(活血祛瘀法)

김혜성,정승우,이종일,권동렬,Kim Hya-Sung,Jung Seung-Woo,Lee Jong-Il,Kwon Dong-Yeul 대한한의학방제학회 2004 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.12 No.2

Wang Cheong-Im(1768-1831) in the Ching dynasty conducted the therapy of blood statis syndrome using the methods for promoting blood circulation and removing blood statis in accordance with the description in the book Uirimgaechak(醫林改錯). Thus, this study examined his methods for promoting blood circulation and removing blood statis, therapy of blood statis syndrome and mechanism of function. Since the blood statis symptoms varied on the parts where the blood statis were occurred, the therapy for promoting blood circulation and removing blood statis applied different treatments and drugs depending on the symptoms. The therapy also valued much of qi and blood. Qi is important to the human body so that the therapy replenished qi and simultaneously promoted the blood circulation as mainly focusing on the regulation of the qi flow. Moreover, the therapy adjusted the level of removing blood circulation and rate of replenishing qi. The degree of prescription and drug was differentiated in treating a variety of blood statis because of the difference in the seriousness and characteristics of blood circulation, amount and application of drug and combination of drugs. The therapy was careful about the regulation of qi for the replenishment of qi and the nurishment of blood for the promotion of blood circulation. If the blood circulation was blocked, the blood statis was formed. Accordingly, the phlegm and the blood statis were closely related. Then, the phlegm and blood statis were simultaneously treated. The therapy divided the properties of blood statis into the stagnant excess syndrome, the stagnant deficiency syndrome, the stagnant cold syndrome and the stagnant heat syndrome and treated the patients suitable for each symptom. The function of mechanism in the treatment using the methods for promoting blood circulation and removing blood statis was divided into the stagnation of blood and interruption in blood circulation. The therapy laid stress on promoting blood circulation and removing blood circulation. With such emphasis, the therapy facilitated the circulation in the bloood vessel, prevented the coagulation of blood, removed the blood statis and promoted the metabolism. Then, the physiological function and pathological change internal organs were improved. Furthermore, the therapy strengtened the heart and promoted the blood circulation by improving the systemic blood circulation. Moreover, the therapy facilitated the micro-circulation by adjusting the balance of body.

기계적 합금화법으로 제조된 과포정 Al-Ti합금에서 Al3Ti 형성에 관한 연구

김혜성,서동수,김긍호,금동화 ( Hye Sung Kim,Dong Soo Suhr,Gyeung Ho Kim,Dong Wha Kum ) 한국열처리공학회 1996 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.9 No.1

Mechanical alloying is an effective process to finely distribute inert dispersoids in an Al-TM(TM is a transition metal) system. It has been considered that high melting point aluminides are formed by precipitation from supersaturated Al(Ti) powder. This analysis is based on the fact that much higher content of TM than the solubioity can be dissolved in alpha aluminum during the high energy ball milling. Thus, decomposition behavior of Ti in the Al(Ti) was considered very important. But it is confirmed that the higher portion of Ti than Al(Ti) solid solution is existed as nano-sized Ti particles in the MA powders by high energy ball nilling from the XRD spectrum and TEM analysis in this study. Therefore, the role of undissolved TM particles affect the formation of aluminides should be suitably considered. In this study, we present experimental observation on the formation of Al₃Ti fron mechanical alloyed Al-Ti alloys in the hyperperitectic region. This study showed that, in the mechanically alloyed Al-20wt%Ti specimen, intermediate phase of cubic Al₃Ti and tetragonal Al_(24)Ti_8 formed at 300∼400℃ and 400∼500℃, respectively, before the MA state reaches to equilibrium at higher temperatures. The formation behavior of Ll₂-Al₃Ti is interpreted by interdiffusion of A1 and Ti in solid state based on the fact that large amount of nano-sized Ti particles exist in the milled powder. Present analysis indicated undissolved Ti particles of nanosize should have played an important role initiation the formation of Al₃Ti phase during annealing.