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국내 지하수 수질관리체계 개선을 위한 유럽 지하수 문턱값 비교
남선화,이우미,정승우,김혜진,김현구,김태승,안윤주,Nam, Sun-Hwa,Lee, Woo-Mi,Jeong, Seung-Woo,Kim, Hye-Jin,Kim, Huyn-Koo,Kim, Tae-Seung,An, Youn-Joo 한국지하수토양환경학회 2013 지하수토양환경 Vol.18 No.3
Korean groundwater quality standards were established in 1994, and revised in 2003 and 2010. The substances for which standards have been developed are classified into two groups, general pollutants, 4, and specific pollutants, 15. The standards have been applied to household water use, agriculture, aquaculture, and industrial use. However, there is no systematic methodology for either selecting candidate substances or establishing groundwater standards. We investigated various derivation methodologies for groundwater standards used by the European Commission and 27 member states and compared their methods for determining threshold values. The European Commission presented to their member states groundwater standards for two substances and a list of required substances for derivation of threshold values along with the member states. Interestingly, they first considered national background levels and then considered other criteria for water protection, such as drinking water standards, environmental quality standards, and irrigation standards. We suggest that Korean background levels in groundwater should be included in the methodology for establishing groundwater quality standards. These results may be useful in developing a systematic methodology for establishing Korean groundwater quality standards.
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안윤주(Youn Joo An),남선화(Sun Hwa Nam),이우미(Woo Mi Lee),윤성지(Sung Ji Yoon),윤진열(Jin Yul Yoon),정승우(Seung Woo Jeong),김혜진(Hye Jin Kim),김현구(Huyn Koo Kim),김태승(Tae Seung Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.9
비음용 목적의 지하수에 대한 국내 수질기준은 기준항목 및 기준치설정에 근거가 명시되지 않아 체계적인 기준설정체계 마련이 시급한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 비음용 목적의 특정유해물질에 대한 위해성기반 한국 지하수 수질기준 설정체계를 마련하기 위해 흡입 및 피부접촉 노출경로를 고려한 위해성을 반영하고 있는 선진국의 지하수기준 설정근거를 분석하였으며, 국내 타 수질 관련 매체의 기준 설정 체계를 바탕으로 향후 한국 지하수기준의 설정체계를 제안하였다 모니터링 우선항목 선정, 모니터링 수행, 위해성평가, 지하수 수질기준 후보물질 선정, 특정유해물질 지하수 수질기준 신규항목 선정 및 항목별 기준치 설정 단계로 제안하였다. There is a need to establish systematic procedure of groundwater quality standards, however, there were no specified basis for establishing substances and values in Korean groundwater quality standards for non-drinking water. In this study, we reviewed basis for deriving groundwater quality standard in the developed countries, considering carcinogenic and non-carciongenic risk via inhalation and dermal contact exposure pathways. Also, we reviewed the prior systematic procedure of standards related to water quality (e.g. drinking water, surface water, and wastewater). USEPA RAGS, ASTM RBCA, and Massachusettes presented the formulas for deriving groundwater concentrations of chemicals and there were similarity and differences. We suggests systematic procedure of groundwater quality standards, as follows. (1) Selection of groundwater pollutants population, (2) Possibility of risk assessment, (3) Selection of monitoring priority substances, (4) Monitoring, (5) Risk assessment, (6) Selection of groundwater quality standard candidates, (7) Selection of new substances and values for groundwater quality standards. Especially, groundwater concentration of hazardous material were presented according to revised risk formulas via inhalation and dermal contact.
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