서양 음악의 신화 구조적 조명

김학민 서울大學校 大學院 1988 국내석사

남북한 통일정책의 특성에 관한 연구 : '자주·국제'와 '국가·민족'을 중심으로

김학민 경남대학교 2015 국내박사

The unification policies of both North and South Korea were driven by nationalism. They were changed according to the volatile international politics as the two Koreas each sought to gain superiority through confrontations and competitions. Though the inter-Korean relationship is characterized by the bipolar nature of conflict and cooperation, the two divided states nevertheless have stressed independent unification. North Korea calls for an isolationist policy founded upon the “Juche” ideology and the eradication of dependence on external powers. South Korea calls for a unification based on national independence and democratic processes. Both Koreas claim to support peaceful unification that can promote national growth, cooperation, and reconciliation; yet both believe that their own respective political system is the best choice for the independence and prosperity of the nation. This study chronologically compares and analyzes the unification policies and doctrines of the two Koreas that have alternately addressed “self-determination or internationalism” and “state or nation,” illustrating that the priorities of both Koreas have shifted from “state” to “national” independence albeit for differing reasons. Both Koreas have emphasized that unification is to be handled independently according to the principles of separated nations, or “internationalism,” which stresses the necessity of international cooperation and collaboration in unification-as in the case of German reunification. Both sides have also supported the notion of “state priority” that supports a form of assimilation unification or survival; or “national priority” that emphasizes coexistence and cooperation. After the liberation President Rhee Syngman of South Korea and Premier Kim Il Sung of North Korea antagonized, tried to isolate, and fought against each other on the principles of “March to North” vs. “democratic base.” Their actions led to the fixated separation between the two Koreas. The South and the North competed against each other on the economic and diplomatic fronts in the 1960-1970s, with the North dominating the inter-Korean relations due to its superiority in economic reconstruction and military buildup. After the 1980s, South Korea gained superiority through its successful economic growth, with Seoul’s hosting of the 1988 Summer Olympics signifying its heightened international stature. South Korea came to dominate the inter-Korean relations through its “North Politics” that stressed “peaceful coexistence” and the “Korean nation.” These ideas were to be manifested in independent diplomacy and international cooperation that would realize a determination for unification. The “June 15th Joint Declaration” was the result of the first inter-Korean summit of June 2000. The declaration facilitated a unification policy that stresses cooperation and the improvement of the inter-Korean relations. The South began to stress the priority of the nation over the state which simultaneously promoted internationalism and self-determination. The North, on the other hand, began to stress inter-Korean cooperation and national solidarity that could insure the survival of the regime. In the 1970s when the North was superior to the South, Pyongyang stressed “state priority”; but since the 1980s, when its strength waned, it has stressed “national priority.” Conversely, South Korea originally stressed “state priority” in the 1970s when it was weaker, but after the 1980s when it grasped the upper hand Seoul has stressed “national priority.” The Korean unification may be a bonanza, but it does not come free of charge. Unification demands future planning and strong leadership that can bring about prosperity of the nation and the international cooperation and collaboration that can foster a suitable environment. Thus internal and external independence need to be established while the unification policies for development and prosperity are simultaneously carried out. South Korea should carry out its peaceful unification policies consistently and continuously. The South should take a proactive lead in strategically propelling forward unification policies that can accomplish a complete unification, instead of the current policies that merely seek to maintain a status quo. It is also imperative to make widely known the fact that a unified Korea would contribute to world peace and development. 남북한의 통일정책은 민족주의적 사고에 의해 추진되었다. 남북한은 국내외 정세에 따라 체제 대결과 경쟁을 통하여 통일정책의 주도권을 확보하려고 하였다. 남북 관계는 갈등과 대결, 대화와 협력이 상호 공존하는 이중성을 지녔으나, 남북한은 모두 자주적 통일을 주장하였다. 북한은 주체사상에 입각한 자주적인 평화통일을 위해 외세 배격과 외세 의존적 세력 제거를 주장하였다. 남한은 민족자결의 원칙과 민주적 절차에 기반한 자주적 평화통일을 주장하였다. 그러나 민족통일은 남북만의 문제는 아니었다. 무력을 통한 남북통일 시도와 정전협정, 제네바회의 개최 등 남북 문제는 이미 국제적인 이슈화가 되어 있었다. 남북한 모두 민족번영과 발전을 위한 화해, 협력 등 평화적 통일을 주장하였으나, 남북한 모두 자신의 체제가 진정으로 민족 발전과 번영을 위한다고 하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 ‘자주와 국제’, ‘국가와 민족’을 강조하면서 지향한 남북한 통일정책의 특성을 시대별로 비교 분석함으로써 남북한이 모두 ‘자주-국가’ 우선에서 ‘자주-민족’ 우선으로 변화하였다는 것을 밝히고자 하는 것이다. 남북한은 통일문제를 당사자 해결의 원칙에 의거 자주적으로 해결해야 한다는 ‘자주성’과 독일의 통일과정에서처럼 국제협력과 공조를 통해 해결해야 한다는 ‘국제성’을 동시에 지향하였다. 또한 자신의 체제가 유지된 상태에서 통일이 되어야 한다는 일종의 흡수통일인 ‘국가우선’과 민족 공존공영을 우선시하는 ‘민족우선’적인 통일정책이 함께 지향되었다. 해방이후 리승만의 ‘북진통일론’과 김일성의 ‘민주기지론’은 상대체제를 적대, 대결, 배제하면서 무력을 통해서라도 통일을 이루겠다고 하였으나 오히려 분단을 고착화시켰다. 남북 체제경쟁을 본격적으로 실시한 1960-70년대에는 경제발전 등 ‘힘(국력)’이 남한보다 우월하다고 자부한 북한이 통일정책을 주도하였다. 1980년대 이후 남한은 경제발전의 성공과 올림픽의 성공에 따른 국제적 위상의 격상을 통하여 북한보다 ‘힘(국력)’이 월등하다고 인식함에 따라 북방정책을 통하여 ‘평화공존’과 ‘민족공영’을 연계하였다. 그리고 자주적 외교와 통일의지를 구현하기 위해 국제공조를 함으로써 남북관계를 주도하였다. 2000년에는 최초의 남북 정상회담을 통하여 ‘6·15 남북공동선언’을 발표함으로써 민족 공존공영을 위한 ‘민족우선’적 정책을 통해 남북관계가 개선되었다. 이처럼 남한은 민족 발전 및 번영을 위해서 ‘민족우선’을 강조하였으나, 북한은 체제유지와 생존전략적 차원에서 민족공조와 민족대단결을 주장하였다. 이렇듯이 북한의 통일정책은 경제발전 등 남한보다 국력이 우월했던 1970년대까지는 ‘국가우선’적이었으나, 국력이 약했던 1980년대 이후에는 ‘민족우선’적이었다. 남한은 북한보다 국력이 약했던 1970년대 이전에는 ‘국가우선’적이었으나, 국력이 강해진 1980년대 이후부터는 ‘민족우선’적이었다. 통일은 ‘대박’이다. 그러나 통일은 저절로 이루어지지 않는다. 따라서 ‘힘(국력)’이 월등한 남한이 일관성 있고 지속성 있는 통일정책을 적극적으로 추진하면서 북한을 선도하는 것이 필요하다. 그리고 통일이 민족 발전과 번영의 기회가 된다는 통일에 대한 비전 제시와 당위성에 대한 국민적 공감대 형성 등 국론의 결집이 필요하다. 또한 통일된 대한민국은 동북아 안정은 물론 세계의 평화와 발전에 유익하고 기여할 것이라는 것을 주변국들에게 이해시킴으로써 협력과 지원을 받아야 한다. 이를 위한 통치자의 강력한 의지는 필수적이다.

Effects of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Dipsaci Radix Mixture on Growth Rate of Longitudinal Bone in Adolescent Female Rats

김학민 경희대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Dipsaci Radix mixture on longitudinal bone growth and growth mediators in adolescent female rats. Female adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats were administered vehicle, recombi nant human growth hormone (rhGH 20μg/kg, s.c.) and Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Dipsaci Radix mixture (1:1 ratio, 100 and 300mg/kg, p.o.) for 4 days. Tetracycline was injected intraperitoneally to label the newly formed bone tissues 48 h prior to sacrifice. The expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in growth plate was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Oral administration of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Dipsaci Radix mixture significantly increased longitudinal bone growth rate of the proximal tibial growth plate. It also increases the length of the entire growth plate, and among the subzones within the plate, the hypertrophic zone showed increase in length. Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Dipsaci Radix mixture also increase the expressions of IGF-1 and BMP-2 in growth plate. In conclusion, the mixture of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Dipsaci Radix increases the longitudinal bone growth rate and it is thought that the two herbs gain a synergistic effect when used in combinations.

과학 원리를 활용한 로봇 교육이 초등학생의 컴퓨팅 사고력에 미치는 영향

김학민 경인교육대학교 교육전문대학원 2020 국내석사

본 연구는 기존의 소프트웨어 교육을 더 발전시키기 위하여 과학 원리와 소프트웨어 교육을 융합한 프로그램의 효과를 확인하고 이를 바탕으로 향후 소프트웨어 교육이 나아가야할 방향과 프로그램 개발 및 시사점을 얻는데 그 목적을 두고 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해서 대전광역시 중구에 소재한 초등학교 6학년 학생 40명을 대상으로 실험집단과 비교집단으로 구분하여 연구를 진행하였다. 실험집단은 총 20차시의 프로그램을 투입하고, 비교집단에는 소프트웨어 수업을 투입하지 않았다. 이를 토대로 사전 사후 검사의 결과를 비교하고 프로그램이 컴퓨팅 사고력에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보았다. 이 연구를 위해 20차시의 프로그램을 개발하였다. 엔트리를 통하여 블록코딩을 학습하고 컴퓨팅 사고력의 하위요소별 문제 해결을 통하여 컴퓨팅 사고력의 구성요소를 학습하게 하였다. 그리고 햄스터 로봇에 대하여 학습을 하고 과학 원리 중 하나인 자력과 로봇을 융합하여 실생활 문제를 해결하도록 프로그램을 구성하였다. 프로그램을 적용하고 컴퓨팅 사고력 검사지와 만족도 검사지를 활용하여 사전, 사후 검사결과를 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 결론을 내렸다. 첫째, 과학적 원리를 활용한 로봇 교육 프로그램은 초등학생들의 컴퓨팅 사고력을 향상시키는데 효과적인 것으로 확인되었다. 실험집단의 컴퓨팅 사고력 점수는 사전검사 약 30점에서 32점이 향상되었다. 또한 통계상 유의확률도 .028로 신뢰수준 95%에서 유의미하다고 나타났다. 둘째, 과학적 원리를 활용한 로봇 교육 프로그램은 컴퓨팅 사고력의 하위 영역 중 문제 분해와 데이터 처리 영역에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 하위 요소의 분석 결과 추상화, 자동화, 알고리즘 영역에서는 점수 상승 폭이 컸지만 유의확률 수준에는 도달하지 못하였고 문제 분해와 데이터 처리 영역에서는 통계상 유의미한 수치가 나타났다. 추상화와 자동화, 알고리즘 영역에서도 유의확률에는 도달하지 못했지만 실험집단의 점수 상승폭이 월등하게 크게 나타났다. 셋째, 과학적 원리를 활용한 로봇 교육 프로그램은 학생들의 수업 만족도가 매우 높았다. 대부분의 설문 항목의 만족이 90%를 상회하여 아이들이 소프트웨어 교육에 흥미를 갖고 참여했다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 양적으로도 증명할 수 있는 후속 연구가 진행되기를 바라며 문제 분해와 데이터 처리 영역 이외에도 추상화, 자동화, 알고리즘 영역에 효과성을 나타낼 수 있는 프로그램 수정에 도움이 되기를 바란다.

에멀젼연료의 디젤엔진 적용에 관한 기초연구

김학민 동아대학교 대학원 2017 국내석사

본 연구는 디젤과 과산화수소를 혼합한 에멀젼연료의 디젤엔진 적용에 관한 기초연구로써, 과산화수소의 증발이 분무의 확산에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 가열판 충돌분무 실험을 토대로 수치해석을 실시하였다. 실험에 사용한 연료는 EF(Emulsified fuel)0, EF2, EF12 및 EF22를 사용하였으며, 분사압력은 100MPa, 가열판 온도 423K, 473K 및 523K에 대해 실험을 실시하였다. 수치해석은 실험과 같은 조건을 설정하였으며, 실험 데이터와의 비교를 통해 검증을 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 사용한 노즐의 수축계수 선정을 위해 수축계수에 따른 반경방향 분무선단도달거리를 측정하였으며 실험 데이터에서 측정한 값과 비교하였다. 그 결과 본 연구에 사용한 노즐에 적합한 수축계수는 0.9임을 확인하였고, 이를 적용하여 수치해석을 진행하였다. 수치해석의 결과로써, 에멀젼연료 증발량의 경우 가열판의 온도가 높을수록 증발량이 증가하는 것을 확인하였고, 또한 과산화수소의 혼합비가 증가할수록 증발량과 증기의 분포 영역이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. 그리고 과산화수소의 증발이 충돌분무의 확산에 미치는 영향을 확인하기 위해 분무 속도벡터 및 와도강도의 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 가열판의 온도와 에멀젼연료의 혼합비가 증가할수록 와도의 분포와 강도가 증가함을 확인하였고, 분무의 반경방향 선단에서 시계방향의 속도벡터가 형성되어 주위기체와의 상호작용을 촉진시키는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구결과를 통해, 과산화수소의 증발이 혼합기 형성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 디젤보다 에멀젼연료를 사용할 경우 엔진 배출물 저감에 유리하다고 판단된다. This study is based on research before application of emulsified fuel mixed with diesel and hydrogen peroxide to the diesel engine. Numerical analysis was carried out based on the impinging spray experiment on the heating plate to confirm the influence of the evaporation of hydrogen peroxide in the emulsified fuel on the diffusion of the spray. EF(Emulsified fuel)0, EF2, EF12, and EF22 were used for the experimental fuels. The injection pressure was set at 100MPa and the heating plate temperatures were set at 423K, 473K, and 523K. The numerical analysis was performed under the same conditions as the experiment, and the verification was carried out through comparison with experimental data. In order to select the contraction coefficient of the nozzle used in this study, the radial tip penetration according to the contraction coefficient was measured and compared with the measured value in the experimental data. As a result, it was confirmed that the contraction coefficient suitable for the nozzle used in this study was 0.9, and numerical analysis was carried out by applying it. As a result of the numerical analysis, it was confirmed that the evaporation amount of the emulsified fuel increased as the heating plate temperature increased. Also, it was found that the evaporation amount and the distribution area of vapor increased as the mixing ratio of hydrogen peroxide increased. In order to investigate the effect of evaporation of hydrogen peroxide on the diffusion of impinging spray, velocity vector and vorticity strength were analyzed. Increasing the mixing ratio of the emulsified fuel and heating plate temperature was confirmed increasing the vorticity distribution and intensity, and the clockwise velocity vector in the radial tip direction of the spray was confirmed to promote the interaction with the ambient gases. Consequently, it can be confirmed that the evaporation of hydrogen peroxide positively influences the formation of the mixture, and it is considered that the use of emulsified fuel rather than diesel is advantageous for reducing exhaust gases.

도시정비사업에 따른 원주민 정착률 결정요인에 관한 연구

김학민 전주대학교 2011 국내박사

Diverse urban improvement projects exist in improving the downtown and the old section of the city. There are the urban development project and the like including the housing redevelopment project, the housing rebuilding project, the urban environment improvement project, the residential environment improvement project. The new town project(reorganization promotion project) has developed to resolve residence, environment and education and support balanced regional development. This study was intended to present the scheme to enhance the rate of native residents' resettlement. For this purpose, it attempted to survey and analyze the determinants of native residents' resettlement with a focus on the Karibong-dong urban improvement project district designated as the urban improvement project district according to the 'Urban Rehabilitation Improvement Law' recently enacted to resolve the problem of unresolved resettlement in spite of the enactment of diverse laws related to the urban improvement project to help them resettle. As a result, the following findings were obtained: First, an attempt was made to investigate whether native residents wish to reside after the completion of the redevelopment project. It was found that the respondents hoped to reside within the project district than those wanting to reside in the other districts. Second, an attempt was made to investigate the reason for native residents to move to the other areas. As a result, it was found that they wished to move to the other places by reason of the absence of relatives and intimate neighbors, the money for purchasing the house(or deposit for lease and the like. Third, an attempt was made to investigate the method of raising funds to bear additional costs to resettle within the redevelopment project district. Most of the respondents pointed out that it included the compensation for land or housing, savings, installment savings and the like. fourth, an attempt was made to investigate the place to reside over the redevelopment period. As a result, it was found that a majority of the respondents wanted to reside in the place requiring costs regardless of areas, followed by the adjacent area outside the project district and the area away from the project district. Fifth, an attempt was made to investigate whether the respondents were satisfied with the government policy for the migration measure. As a result, it was found that they showed a negative response of 'very unsatisfied' and 'unsatisfied' than the response of 'satisfied' and 'very satisfied'. It was found that the homeowner was more satisfied with the government policy than the tenant. Sixth, an attempt was made to investigate the policy most necessary for native residents to resettle in the redevelopment project district. The highest proportion of the respondents pointed out the diversification of the floor area of rental apartment housing, followed by circular development by district, the reduction of the project district through active public support. That is, most of the respondents pointed out that the diversification of the floor area or circular development by district is required. In conclusion, there might be several controversies in setting the problem of native residents' resettlement as the detailed practical task in spite of its Sollen as the objective of policy. It is necessary to extend the spatial scope of resettlement to the surrounding area other than the project district and to manage it in a planned way so that unvoluntary migration may not occur. To identify the problems of the urban improvement project in an accurate manner in the future and take effective measures, government should survey and disclose the rate of native residents' resettlement by district, the rate of resale and the like rather than cover up the problem and make a proper evaluation and improvement of the delivery system of public support funds for the urban improvement project. To raise the rate of native residents' resettlement.

복합취기센서를 이용한 환경악취 평가방법 개발 및 활용에 관한 연구

金學珉 대전대학교 2001 국내박사

An odor has various sources, complicated reaction process and the characteristics to provoke a sense organ so, there are so much difficulty in researching the technology of reducing the influence of odor and the objective measuring and evaluating methods. In addition, it is difficult to analyze all the kinds of odorant by the chemical analysis method measuring the concentration of odorant, one of odor evaluation methods and to explain the level of provoking a sense organ only on a concentration of a specific material basis. In case of olfactory method, there is no detailed guidance for selection of evaluation panel and training method. Accordingly, it is judged that the data on analysis of odor is poorly used. The complaint about odor are continuously raised in the area neighboring environmental facilities such as landfill site or large industrial complex specially in the country, but difficult evaluation work has not made detailed solutions as well as objective evaluation of current status sufficiently sought. So, in this paper has developed the new evaluation method of odor that uses the odor sensor like human sensing process. It has the purpose to reduce the difficulty of indirect olfactory method requiring five or more of trained evaluation panel and to seek the positive use method of evaluation result and has performed the analysis work of using method of odor evaluation result. The value measured by odor sensor, by which the detected odor is expressed in numbers, has evaluated the function of the regulator attached in odor sensor by using odor-free air and 1-butanol. According to the result, it is revealed that zero screw and adjuster do not influence the dynamic range(reaction scope) of sensor, but have the function of horizontally moving the measure scope. Based upon the evaluation, the span screw does not have any influence on the minimum level of value that a sensor can measure, and can adjust the reaction level generated by the maximum level of odor. In case a zero screw is adjusted at the status injecting odor-free air, the value of sensor is displayed as zero or user's inputting value and the process of displaying user's inputting value is performed by adjusting a span screw at the state with proper span gas injected, the correction of odor sensor, an initial setting, is possible. Based upon the level of odor measured by injecting odor-free air to set the value of sensor as zero and then by pouring into the odor generated at the 1-butanol(20,250ppm in water) that is diluted by stages to use the odor sensor with the value of sensor adjusted as 1900, it is reported that a relative standard deviation ranges from 0.6 to 6.8% in terms of within-run(repeatability) and in case of between- run reproducibility is from 1.0 to 7.8%. As mentioned in the above, the fact is illustrated that the reproducibility of odor is very excellent. Furthermore, the level of odor generated at the 1-butanol diluted by stages in order to embody the meaning of measured value is expressed by odor intensity(X). After analyzing its interrelation with the value of sensor(Y), the regression formula is produced as Y = 237.950(X) + 272.70, (R² : 0.991) so that the odor level of generated at the unknown 1-butanol solution can sufficiently be evaluated as odor intensity. The odor evaluation panel who completed a regular training course evaluates the environmental odor emitted at various sources(71 points) to measure the odor intensity(X). And the interrelation between X and Y(the value that takes logarithm for the value measured at the odor sensor) is analyzed. According to the result of analysis, it is investigated that the regression formula is Y = 0.160(X) + 2.49, (R² : 0.907) and only the odor sensor can have its intensity and level sufficiently expressed by the panel. The sensor value of about 300 means the odor intensity 0, at which the odor can not be detected and that of about 650 does the 2 degree of odor intensity. The reaction of odor sensor is evaluated by using the representative odorant such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and mixed odor. It reveals that the odor sensor has a certain tendency toward two kinds of odorant, and it relatively sensitively reacts on hydrogen sulfide but the level of sensors reaction on ammonia, alkaline gas, is investigated not good. Moreover, the value of sensors reaction on mixed odor sample is relatively high in case of high concentration of hydrogen sulfide, but it is revealed that the concentration of ammonia does not have a strong influence upon the value measured by sensor. Considering the evaluation process that dilutes by stages through using odor-free air, the odor sensor with a correction completed has evaluated the odor level of air and it is confirmed the level of odor steadily varies with time. In case of the air and nitrogen inflated in cylinder, the change of cylinder in itself has the level of odor change, but the level of odor measured at the same cylinder is fixed at a certain level. However, it is investigated that the level of odor of air is lower that of nitrogen and the cylinder air is more proper as material gas for producing odor-free air. In addition, the function of components of clarifying trap(odor-free air production equipment) prescribed in the standard method is evaluated by using ambient and cylinder air. The result says that the distilled water has no function of lowering the level of odor and silicagel has the function to decrease the odor of ambient air and the activated carbon adjusts the level of the odor in cylinder air more properly than ambient air. The ambient and cylinder air is blown into the components of clarifying trap by order. And the change of odor value is evaluated, which illustrates that cylinder air has the lowest value in case of passing distilled water, empty bottle, silicagel and activated carbon and ambient air has the lowest odor level in case of passing distilled water, empty bottle and silicagel. And it is investigated that the components of clarifying trap can selectively be used, varying with the kind of raw gas. It is investigated that an air bag in which the sample of odor is stored creates a certain level of odor(about 100), but in case of storing the sample of odor, it is confirmed that the level does not influence the odor level of original sample. Excluding the case the 5 degree of odor intensity sample is kept, it is revealed that it can be reused in case of using odor-free air to perform three times or more of cleaning. Furthermore, the change of sensors value is checked by changing the sequence of the diluted sample injected in odor sensor from high concentration to low and from low to high. The result is the same to that of olfactory evaluation, which demonstrates that the evaluation results of samples measured by the sequence from low to high concentration are generally low. So, in case of continuously measuring low density of sample ahead, it is reported that measuring time can be reduced to evaluate odor and the characteristics of sense organs can be considered into evaluation result. To evaluate the various usability of measuring result and the development of new odor evaluation method using odor sensor, the odor-free air is used and the sample diluted by stages has a sensor-measured value expressed by odor intensity and the relation with the multiple of dilution expressed by diagram. In case of using the value taking logarithm for two variables based upon the formula for odor equation acquired through this process, it is revealed that coefficients of correlation(r) and determinant(R²) are the highest. And it is also confirmed that the evaluation result of odor by SAM(Sensor Analysis Method) meets the Stevens power function (S = k·I^n) in which the evaluation result of odor describes the relation between the odor intensity(S) and the concentration(I) of odorant. Furthermore, the indirect olfactory method and evaluation are performed regarding hydrogen sulfide(30ppm), 1-butanol(odor intensity 3 degree) and two kinds of odor-mixed sample at the same time. Then, in case of calculating the multiple of dilution threshold by inputting 0.5 degree into the odor equation, it is investigated that the measuring result of two samples, excluding hydrogen sulfide has similar evaluation result. Also, the repeatability of two evaluation methods is checked on odor intensity 0 degree basis in order to reduce the confusion due to the vague standard for 0.5 degree of odor intensity. Moreover, it demonstrates that the relative standard deviation of the multiple of dilution of odor threshold by SAM is 32.4%. And in case of indirect olfactory method, it is revealed that it is 64.8%. Accordingly, it is illustrated that the evaluation method by SAM has more excellent repeatability. Moreover, the odor evaluation by SAM can compensate for loss of the odor level causing in the middle of moving or keeping the odor sample. And the slope in odor equation can be used as the data in evaluating the diffusibility of odor sample. In addition, it is revealed that an intercept can express odor intensity in the field so that various usability of odor equation can be confirmed. But in case of evaluating the sample with a lot of ammonia, it is necessary to give a new meaning to sensors value. To evaluate how well the evaluation result of odor made by SAM can explain the actual odor phenomenon, the industrial complex is selected as research area and the weather observation data at the time when odor can be detected at the neighborhood of industrial complex is arranged. According to the result, it is revealed that the odor can be detected at the moment when the south-east wind passing odor source to blow into resident area has an influence and demonstrated that odor has a close relationship with wind direction. The simulation of current odor at the moment when odor is detected at the target area is made by using SAM to evaluate the odor sample generated at the main source of odor each season to arrange the data. Furthermore, it is used as the input data of air pollutant diffusion model(ISCST3) to set model operation time as one hour in consideration of the characteristics odor varying with weather condition at any time. It is confirmed that the 1.7degree or more of odor intensity can be detected at the resident district of target area. Accordingly, the evaluation result by SAM can precisely explain the current status of the field with odor problem and sufficiently be used as inputting data for air pollutant diffusion model.

용융슬래그와 Si 슬러지를 활용한 지오폴리머의 침지 후 물성 향상 연구

김학민 경기대학교 대학원 2023 국내석사

현대 사회에서 이산화탄소 배출량의 지속적인 증가는 국내의 문제뿐만 아니라 세계적인 문제로 인식되어 왔다. 또한 지구온난화 속도가 가속화됨에 따라 세계 각국에서는 빠르게 탄소 중립을 선언하였으며, 우리나라 역시 이에 동참하여 저탄소 제품에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 한편, 4차 산업의 여파로 시멘트 사용량이 급격히 증가하였으며, 시멘트 제조에 의한 이산화탄소 배출량은 전 세계 이산화탄소 배출량의 8 %를 차지할 정도로 많은 양을 제조하고 있다. 이에 대체재 연구로 지오폴리머가 각광 받기 시작한다. 일반 포틀랜드 시멘트의 최대 80 % 적게 이산화탄소를 배출한다는 점과 초기 높은 압축강도, 내화학성, 내부식성, 낮은 열전도성 등 기존 제품에 비해 좋은 특성을 갖고 있어 대체재로 충분히 사용 가능하다고 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 석탄가스화복합발전(Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle, IGCC)에서 나온 부산물인 IGCC 용융 슬래그를 주원료로 사용했으며, 부원료로는 웨이퍼 산업의 부산물인 Si 슬러지(sludge)를 발포제로 사용하였다. 또한 수산화알루미늄 제조 과정 부산물인 알루미늄제련 폐기물(Red Mud)를 주원료와 혼합 사용하여 경량 지오폴리머를 제조하였다. 알루미늄제련 폐기물은 다량의 Na2O3, SiO2, Al2O3이 포함되어 있다. 본 연구는 기존에 진행되었던 선행연구를 기반으로 경량의 지오폴리머의 물성 향상을 위해 증류수 및 알칼리 용액에 장기 침지하였으며, 일반폐기물을 혼합하여 재활용함으로써 친환경적인 지오폴리머 제조를 위한 연구를 진행하였다. 수중 안정성 및 지오폴리머 반응이 가장 효과적으로 일어나는 양생 방법을 찾기 위해 건조기(Oven dry, OD), 오토클레이브(Autoclave, AC) 및 오토클레이브 양생 후 건조기에서 양생(Autoclave + Oven dry, AO)을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 초기 압축강도 발현을 위해서는 건조기를 사용하는 것이 옳으나, 건축자재로 사용할 경우에는 초기 강도보다는 물에 장기간 노출되어도 안정한 장기공용성 확보를 위해서는 103 ℃에서 24h조건에서 오토클레이브에서 양생하는 것이 가장 좋은 양생 방법인 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 압축강도 향상을 위해 증류수가 아닌 알칼리 용액에 침지를 진행하였고, 이를 통해 향상 메커니즘을 규명하고자 하였다. 8M의 알칼리에 21일 이상 침지할 경우, 약 5.5 MPa의 압축강도를 얻었지만 같은 조건의 증류수 침지와 비교할 때 큰 차이가 없었다. 또한 알칼리에 침지할 경우, 추가적인 지오폴리머 반응이 아닌 알칼리골재반응에 의해 생성물이 팽창하여 오히려 압축강도를 저하시키는 결과를 나타냈다. 결과적으로 장기간(21일 이상)동안 적절한 알칼리(8M) 공급은 압축강도 향상에 도움이 되었지만, 한계치 이상의 알칼리 공급은 오히려 압축강도가 저하되는 것으로 판단된다. 알루미늄제련 폐기물이 혼합된 지오폴리머와 기존 지오폴리머를 비교하였다. Si/Al 비율이 1.78일 때 가장 좋은 압축강도 값을 보였으며, Si/Al 비율에 의해 물성이 크게 변하지 않아 즉, 혼합 허용범위가 상당히 넓어 상용화시 유리하다고 판단되었다. 또한 TCLP 분석법에 의해 환경적 오염 및 안정성을 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 알루미늄제련 폐기물을 혼합하여 제조한 지오폴리머는 압축강도 값이 향상될 뿐 아니라 안전한 건축자재로 재활용될 수 있다고 판단되었다. 이러한 지오폴리머의 압축강도 변화 메커니즘은 XRD, SEM, FT-IR 및 Camscope를 통해 관찰할 수 있었다. In modern society, the continuous increase in carbon dioxide emissions has been recognized not only as a domestic problem but also as a global problem. In addition, as global warning accelerates, countries around the world have rapidly declared carbon neutrality, and Korea is actively conducting research on low-carbon products. On the other hand, cement use has increased rapidly in the aftermath of the fourth industry, and carbon dioxide emissions. In addition, geopolymer has begun to gain popularity in researching alternative products materials. It is judged that it has good characteristics compared to existing products such as high compressive strength, chemical resistance, corrosion resistance, and low thermal conductivity, and emits up to 80% less carbon dioxide than ordinary Portland cement. Lightweight geopolymers were fabricated by using IGCC(integrated gasification combined cycle) slag and Si sludge which are classified as general wastes (recyclable resources). In addition, A lightweight geopolymer is produced by mixing aluminum smelting waste (Red mud) which is a by-product of the aluminum hydroxide production process with a main raw material. A large amount of Na2O3, SiO2, and Al2O3 are contained in the aluminum smelting waste. This study was performed to investigate the mechanism of the change in compressive strength of autoclave cured geopolymers. also, By mixing and recycling general waste, research has been carried out for the production of eco-friendly geopolymer. Three curing methods[(Oven dry, OD), (Autoclave, AC), (Autoclave + Oven dry, AO)] were tried to investigate the changes in compressive strength and density according to the curing method and immersion time. Conclusively, it was speculated that oven curing is effective for the compressive strength development at early age; however, autoclave curing is more desirable for the long-term performance in water. This study was performed to investigate the mechanism of the change in compressive strength of autoclave cured geopolymers. The change in the specimens immersed in a short period of time was not significant, but the compressive strength of the specimens immersed in the distilled water and 8M alkali solution) for 21 days increased about 5.5 MPa compressive strength because of additional geopolymerization. However, compressive strength decreased due to the alkaline aggregate reaction when alkaline solution was supplied more than a certain level of concentration. Therefore, immersing the specimens for more than 21 days in the distilled water or 8M alkaline solution would be desirable for the improvement of compressive strength of autoclave cured specimens. Geopolymers were made by mixing IGCC slag and aluminum smelted waste and their properties were compared with those of IGCC slag based geopolymers. When two raw materials were mixed, the highest compressive strength was obtained at 1.78 of Si/Al ratio. Because the change in compressive strength and density was not so sensitive by the change in Si/Al ratio; that is, the permissible range of Si/Al ratio mixing ratio is broad, it was speculated this broad permissible range would be advantageous for commercialization. Furthermore, environmental pollution and stability were confirmed by the TCLP analysis method. Therefore, it was concluded that the making geopolymers by mixing red mud not only enhances the properties of geopolymers but also gives a recyclability as safe construction materials. The compressive strength change mechanism of these geopolymer was observed through XRD, SEM, FT-IR, and CamscopeTM

Mobile WiMAX 기반 다중 안테나 시스템의 고정소수점 플랫폼 구현

김학민 한양대학교 대학원 2009 국내석사

본 논문은 Mobile WiMAX 기반 다중안테나 시스템의 고정 소수점 플랫폼 구현에 대해서 다뤘다. 다중안테나 시스템은 STC(Space Time Coding) 기술을 이용해 다이버시티 이득을 얻을 수도 있고, SM(Spatial Multiplexing) 기술을 이용해 멀티플렉싱 이득을 얻을 수도 있다. 또한 어레이 안테나를 이용하면 빔포밍 이득을 가질 수 있다. 어레이 안테나 시스템에서, 각각의 안테나 거리에 따라 수신되는 신호는 위상 지연을 갖게 되는데, 그렇기 때문에 수신되는 신호들은 라그랑제 알고리즘을 통해 최적의 웨이트 벡터를 구해서 채널 보상을 해주어야 한다. 또한 MIMO시스템의 채널추정 성능을 보완하기 위해 2D 선형보간법을 이용해 채널추정을 하였다. 본 논문에 소개된 하드웨어 플랫폼은 Digital Signal Processor (DSP)를 이용하여 고정 소수점으로 설계되었다. 고정소수점 설계를 함으로써 부동소수점 연산 보다 더 빠르게 처리할 수 있는 장점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 고정소수점으로 하드웨어 플랫폼을 구현하고 부동소수점으로 구현한 시뮬레이션 결과와 비교해 봄으로써 고정소수점 연산의 성능을 알아본다. 또한 고정소수점 연산에 필연적으로 생기게 되는 양자화 오류에 대해서 살펴보고 양자화 오류를 줄이기 위한 방안을 제안한다. 다양한 신호 환경에 따른 시뮬레이션을 위해 Matlab과 DSP를 연동시켜서 플랫폼의 성능을 확인해 보고, 송신 단에서 이미지를 전송한 후 수신 단에서 복호함으로써 시각적으로 고정소수점 플랫폼의 성능을 확인한다. In this paper, we show an implementation of fixed-point multiple antenna system based on Mobile WiMAX. Multiple antenna system has a diversity gain using STC (Space Time Coding) technique and a multiplexing gain using SM (Spatial Multiplexing). And multiple antennas whose elements have array antenna get a beam-forming gain. Array antenna has phase delay in accordance with distance of each antenna. Therefore we should find an optimum weight vector using Lagrange algorithm to perform channel compensation for received signal. We use advanced Two-Dimensional (2D) interpolation-based channel estimation for high performance of channel estimation in MIMO (multiple input multiple output) environment. We have implemented fixed point hardware platform using Digital Signal Processor (DSP), TMS320C6416T. We consider for the quantization noise and have a comparison between floating point design and fixed point design for the BER performance. The performance of the hardware platform is verified through Matlab?? simulations in various signal environments and is compared with the performance of system including fixed point hardware platform using digital signal processor.

연구행정 지능화 도입에 관한 연구 : 과학기술분야 정부출연연구기관을 중심으로

김학민 경기대학교 대학원 2022 국내박사

본 연구는 국가과학기술연구회에서 지원한 정책연구사업(2021-02)으로 저자가 2021년 3월부터 동년 9월까지 수행한 연구결과를 일부 반영하였음을 밝힌다. 본 연구의 주제인 인공지능은 미래사회에 대응하기 위한 핵심주제로 부상하였다. 지금 우리 사회는 ICT의 융·복합으로 물리적 세계와 디지털 세계가 밀접하게 연결되는데 인공지능, 빅데이터, 사물인터넷, 블록체인, 로봇공학과 같은 디지털 기술을 근간으로 모든 산업 분야에 혁신적인 변화를 일으키고 있다. 인공지능 기술은 효율성과 최적화된 맞춤 서비스가 강조되어 기존 업무시스템에서 비효율성을 제거하여 저부가가치 업무는 줄이고, 고부가가치 업무는 집중도를 높임으로써 시스템 혁신을 기대할 수 있다. 따라서 과학기술분야가 국가 경쟁력에 미치는 영향력이 점차 증대되고 있는 현재의 시점에서 과학기술분야 정부출연연구기관의 효과적인 연구행정에 대한 요구가 더욱 커져가고 있다. 국제적·국가적 난제와 인적 ·예산적 제약이 증가하고, 행정이 점점 복잡해지고 있는 것을 극복하기 위해서는 업무의 효율성을 높이고 인력들의 참여를 제고하여, 사용자 중심의 행정을 이끌어 나가는 등 혁신을 통한 변화가 필요한 것이다. 이러한 혁신을 통해 한정적인 자원을 절감하고, 절감한 자원을 전략적인 재분배를 통해 새로운 가치를 창출해 나아가야 할 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 과학기술분야 정부출연연구기관을 대상으로 연구행정 지능화를 위한 인공지능 도입과 활용, 그리고 조기정착을 위한 도입 방안과 정책적 제언을 제시하였다. 먼저 인공지능 도입과 활용, 조기정착을 위한 주요 고려요소는 과학기술분야 정부출연연구기관에서 재직 중인 종사자를 대상으로 기술 수용성 측면에서 기술의 도입을 위한 준비단계, 도입단계, 활용단계에서 영향을 미치는 주요 요인을 도출하였다. 또한, 행정학·인공지능·시스템 분야별 전문가 조사를 통해 주요 이슈를 도출하였다. 이렇듯 인공지능 기술의 도입단계별 기술 수용성 결정요인과 주요 이슈의 분석결과를 바탕으로 인공지능 도입과 활용, 조기정착을 위한 성공요인과 장애요인을 도출하였다. 다음은 인공지능 도입을 실행하기 위한 중점사항과 세부이행사항을 도출하였다. 전문가 조사를 통해 수집된 의견을 검토한 후 주요 이슈를 추출하여 리스트를 작성하였다. 다음은 유사하거나 일치하는 이슈는 통합하여 범주를 유형화하였다. 유형화는 Bottom-up 방식으로 두 단계로 진행하였는데, 1단계에서는 전문가들이 제시한 주요 이슈를 통합하여 8대 세부이행사항을 도출하였으며, 2단계에서는 전문가 의견을 토대로 세부이행사항에 대한 질적 분석을 수행하여 성공적인 인공지능 도입과 활용, 정착을 위한 3대 중점사항으로 발전시켰다. 마지막으로, 위와 같이 제시한 중점사항과 세부이행사항의 계층화 조사(Analytic Hierarchy Process: AHP)를 통해 항목별 중요도를 도출하여 연구행정 부문에 인공지능의 도입과 활용, 정착을 위한 우선순위를 도출하였으며, 이를 반영한 도입방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 전자정부 수준인 지금의 연구행정 시스템을 지능형 시스템으로 탈바꿈하는 패러다임의 대전환 시기에 인공지능이라는 새로운 기술에 대한 수용성 분석을 통해 선행연구에서 강조하였던 핵심변수를 지지하거나, 대립하는 결과를 도출할 수 있었다. 또한, 위와 같은 연구결과를 바탕으로 연구행정 지능화 실현을 위한 도입단계별 고려해야 할 주요 요인이 무엇인지를 도출하였으며, 실질적인 도입 방안과 우선순위, 그리고 세부이행을 위한 실천사항을 제시한다는 점에서 의의가 있다. Artificial intelligence, the subject of this study, has emerged as a core topic to respond to the future society. In our society, the physical world and the digital world are closely connected through the convergence and convergence of ICT. Artificial intelligence technology emphasizes efficiency and optimized customized service, thereby eliminating inefficiencies from the existing work system, reducing low-value-added tasks, and increasing the concentration of high-value tasks, so system innovation can be expected. Therefore, at this point in time when the influence of science and technology on national competitiveness is gradually increasing, the demand for effective research administration by government-funded research institutes in the field of science and technology is growing. In order to overcome international and national challenges, human and budgetary constraints, and administrative complexity, changes are necessary through innovation, such as improving work efficiency, enhancing the participation of manpower, and leading user-centered administration. will be. Through this innovation, limited resources should be reduced, and new values ​​should be created through strategic redistribution of the saved resources. To this end, in this study, the introduction and use of artificial intelligence for the intelligentization of research administration for government-funded research institutes in the field of science and technology, and introduction methods and policy suggestions for early settlement were presented. First, the main consideration factors for the introduction, use, and early settlement of artificial intelligence are the factors affecting the preparation stage, introduction stage, and utilization stage for the introduction of technology in terms of technology acceptability for those working at government-funded research institutes in the field of science and technology. The main factors were derived. In addition, major issues were derived through expert research in each field of public administration, artificial intelligence, and systems. In this way, success factors and obstacles for the introduction, use, and early settlement of artificial intelligence were derived based on the analysis results of the major issues and the determinants of technology acceptance by each stage of artificial intelligence technology. The following is a list of key points and detailed implementation details for implementing artificial intelligence. After reviewing opinions collected through expert research, major issues were extracted and a list was prepared. In the following, similar or coincident issues were grouped into categories. The classification was carried out in two stages in a bottom-up method. In the first stage, 8 detailed implementation items were derived by integrating the major issues suggested by experts, and in the second stage, a qualitative analysis of detailed implementation matters was performed based on expert opinions. Thus, it has been developed into three key areas for successful artificial intelligence introduction, use, and settlement. Finally, the importance of each item was derived through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) of the key points and detailed implementation details presented above, and the priorities for the introduction, use, and settlement of artificial intelligence in the research administration were derived. , and suggested an introduction plan reflecting this. This study supports or opposes the key variables emphasized in previous studies by analyzing the acceptability of a new technology called artificial intelligence at a time of paradigm shift that transforms the current research administration system, which is at the level of e-government, into an intelligent system. Could. In addition, based on the above research results, the main factors to be considered for each stage of introduction for the realization of intelligent research administration are derived, and it is meaningful in that it presents practical introduction plans and priorities, and practical matters for detailed implementation.