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하수경(Ha Soo-Kyung),김대열(토론자) 비교민속학회 2003 비교민속학 Vol.25 No.-
This study is focused on the symbolism, function and presentation style of Ethics Character Picture of the Chosun Dynasty. The form of Ethics Character Picture is the presentation pattern harmonizing house decorative art and the 8 characters symbolizing the ethics that people should follow in their daily life. The symbol and function of Ethics Character Picture lies in ethical education. The eight ethics characters are: 'Hyo(Filial piety)', 'Je(Brotherliness)', 'Choong(Loyalty)', 'Shin(Faith)', 'Ye(Courtesy)', 'Eu(Justice)', 'Yeom(Honor)', and 'Chi(Shame)'. Living according to these ethical guiding principle means that one should tend one's parents with Filial piety, be friendly with neighbors, love one's nation and people, keep one's faith, be courteous and thrifty, and have a sense of honor. Ethics Character Picture are usually presented on an eight-fold screen. Each of the eight characters takes up one-fold. The frame of each screen is composed of a Chinese character and a picture of a symbolic object, Each picture shows the object which symbolizes the meaning of each character. Ethics characters and objects are unique, both representing different meanings. For example, the character 'Hyo' has the meaning of filial piety and is symbolized objects such as a carp, bamboo shoot, fan, orange, and a six-string Korean harp. The presentation pattern of ethics character shows four distinctive features. The first feature is the clear stroke of each character. The second feature is the limited presentation of a symbolized object with a wide stroke of the character. The third feature is that the image is drawn inside and outside of the stroke of the Chinese character. The fourth feature is that the character is transferred into the picture, though partially remaining. Among those character pictures produced in the 20th century, many include overly decorative features and images. This made it very difficult to determine the original character. That's why the existing educational purpose of ethics character became weak and the practical purpose of house decoration was emphasized. The formative features of the character picture are represented by moderate shading, contrasting primacy colors, and symbolic description from high level saturation. These techniques created an on optical collision by combining concrete and abstract elements. The artists who draw the ethics picture were wandering painters that provided the monks with the pictures needed for decorating temples. During the late Chosun Dynasty, commercial artists took charge of it.
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