http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
김응식,이시영,임효재,김홍,송종훈,김수영 ( Eng Sik Kim,Si Young Lee,Hoe Jie Lim,Hong Kim,Jong Hun Song,Soo Young Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.4
There are many parameters in prediction of forest fire spread. Among others wind and slope factors are considered to be the important parameters in spread of forest fire. Generally, all the inclined planes with same slopes can not have the same wind velocity in complex mountain area. But this effect has been disregarded in complex geometry. In this paper, wind values which have velocity and direction is calculated by applying computational fluid dynamics to the forest geometry. These results are applied for forest fire spreading algorithm with experimental Korean ROS(Rate Of Spread). Finally, the comparison between the simulation and the real forest fire has correspondence about 90%.
청금탕(淸金湯)의 효능(效能)에 관(關)한 실험적(實驗的) 연구(硏究)
김응식,이시형,Kim, Eung-Sik,Lee, Si-Hyeong 대한한방내과학회 1997 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.18 No.2
Chunggeumtang has been used in Korea for many centuries as a treatment for respiratory disease. The effect of Chunggeumtang on tracheal smooth muscle is not konwn. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of Chunggeumtang on histamine and acetylcholine induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction in rats and guinea pigs. Guinea pig(500g, male) and Sprague Dawley rats (250g, male) were killed by $CO_2$ exposure and a segment (8-10mm) of the thoracic trachea from each rat and guinea pig was cut into equal swegments and mounted 'in pairs' in a tissue bath. Contractile force was measured with force diplacement transducers under 0.5g loading tension. The dose of histamine (His) and acetylcholine (Ach) which evoked 50% of maximal response ($ED_{50}$) was obtained from cumulative dose response curves for histamine and acetylcholine($10^{-7}{\sim}10^{-4}M$). Contractions evoked by His ($ED_{50}$) and Ach ($ED_{50}$) were inhibited significantly by Chunggeumtang. In guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of acetylcholine induced contraction was $6.1%after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang, and 49.4% (p<0.01) after $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang. In rat tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of acetylcholine induced contraction was $6.7%\;after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang, and $54.2%\;(p<0.01)\;after\;100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang. Also, in guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of histamine induced contraction was $30.6%\;(p<0.05)\;after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang, and $53.0%\;(p<0.01)\;after\;100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang. In rat tracheal smooth muscle, the mean percent inhibition of histamine induced contraction was $24.1%\;(p<0.05)\;after\;30{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang, and $55.3%\;(p<0.01)\;after\;100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang. Propranolol and indomethacin($10^{-7}M$) slightly but significantly attenuated the inhibitory effects of Chunggeumtang. Following treatment with propranolol, the mean percent inhibition caused by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 27.6% in guinea pig induced by acetylcholine contraction and by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 28.7% (p<0.05) in rat induced by acetylcholine contraction and the mean percent inhibition caused by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 16.2% in guinea pig induced by histamine contraction and by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 28.7% (p<0.05) in rat induced by histamine contraction. Indomethacin, the mean percent inhibition caused by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 20.0% in guinea pig induced by acetylcholine contraction and by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 16.9% (p<0.05) in rat induced by acetylcholine contraction and the mean percent inhibition caused by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 16.4% in guinea pig induced by histamine contraction and by $100{\mu}l/ml$ Chunggeumtang fell to 23.1% (p<0.05) in rat induced by histamine contraction. Methylene blue($10^{-7}M$) did not significantly alter the inhibitory effect of Chunggeumtang. Also, I could find the effects of Chunggeumtang and Chunggeumtanggamorphine on the tracheal smooth muscle in guinea pig and rat did not change significantly. These results indicate that Chunggeumtang can relax histamine and acetylcholine-induced contraction of guinea pig and rat tracheal smooth muscle, and that this inhibition involves sympathetic effects and the release of cyclooxygenase products.
2선식 수동루프를 이용한 345[kV] 송전선 주변의 자계저감 설계기법 연구
김응식,Kim, Eung Sik 한국안전학회 2021 한국안전학회지 Vol.36 No.5
The controversy over the risk of the human body being affected by electromagnetic fields emitted from 60 Hz power lines continues without end. There are currently no new studies or research progress being made in this direction that is notable, and the number of civil complaints is gradually increasing. The problem is that each study produces different results, among which the effect of exposure to magnetic fields on childhood leukemia is a major one. In Korea, an electrician who was maintaining a 22.9 kV power line died of leukemia, which has recently been recognized as an occupational disease. Methods to reduce magnetic fields from power lines include shielding with wire loops, incorporating split phases and compaction techniques, installing underground power lines, converting to high-voltage direct current (HVDC), and increasing the ground clearance of transmission towers. Depending on whether a separate power supply is needed or not, there are two types of wire loops: passive loop and active loop. Magnetic field reduction is currently done through underground power lines; however, the disadvantage of this process is high construction costs. Installing passive loops, with relatively low construction costs, leads to lower magnetic field reduction rates than installing underground cables and a weakness to not solving the landscape problem. This methodological study aims at designing methods and reducing the effects of 2-wire set loops-the simplest and most practical. Since the method proposed in this study has been designed after analyzing the distribution of complex electromagnetic fields near the expected loop installation location, a practical design can be implemented without the need for any difficult optimization programming.
Allergic Brown-Norway Rat에 미치는 온폐탕(溫肺湯)의 효과(效果)
김응식,한상환,Kim, Eung-Sik,Han, Sang-Whan 대한한방내과학회 1994 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.15 No.1
These studies were carried out to investigate the effect of Onpaetang water extract on the inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine in sensitized rat. The results of these studies were as follows; 1. Contractile force of acetylcholine from trachea smooth muscle in sensitized rat was significantly inhibited by Onpaetang. 2. Dose-response of acetylcholine pretreated Onpaetang in sensitized rat was not significantly changed. 3. Inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine pretreated propranolol in sensitized rat was decreased. 4. Inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine pretreated indomethacin was not significantly changed by Onpaetang. 5. Inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine pretreated methylene blue was not significantly changed by Onpaetang. 6. Inhibitory contractile action of acetylcholine pretreated tetrodotoxin was not significantly changed by Onpaetang.
김응식 ( Eung Sik Kim ),이정수 ( Jeong Su Lee ),김장환 ( Ang Hwan Kim ),김명훈 ( Myeoung Hun Kim ) 한국안전학회(구 한국산업안전학회) 2016 한국안전학회지 Vol.31 No.5
Welfare centers for disabled person which are typical facilities in Korea are classified into two catagories One is general welfare center for all type of disabled persons and the other is special welfare centers for special disabilities such as visually handicapped persons, hearing-impaired persons and the physically disabled. In this study the movements of disabled persons in daily lifes were measured and many evacuation drills in welfare centers were conducted for the achievement of basic data such as velocities and evacuation patterns of disabled persons The evacuation patterns are characterized by different kinds of disabilities.
김응식(Kim, Eung-Sik),박지훈(Park, Ji-Hoon),권영숙(Kwon, Young-Sook),김인순(Kim, In-Soon),김명훈(Kim, Myung-Hun) 한국화재소방학회 2011 한국화재소방학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.추계
본 연구에서는 뇌병변 복지관에서 장애인 이동형태에 따른 속도를 측정하기 위해서 두가지 실험을 실시하였다. 첫째는 평상시의 이동속도를 측정하였고, 두 번째로 화재나 재난상황을 가정으로, 실제 대피 실험을 하여 이동속도를 측정하였다. 측정결과를 정상인과의 비교를 통해 분석하고, 장애인 시설 피난 안전에 관한 기준 마련을 위한 기초데이터를 제공한다. 실험 결과 뇌병변 장애인들은 정상인들에 비해 평균이동속도가 현저히 느리고 거동이 불편한 이들이 있기 때문에 표준편차가 큰 값을 갖고 있다. 따라서 대피시의 피난성공을 위한 피난 기준 및 시설 확충이 필요한 것을 확인하였다.