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Spring rod를 사용한 척추경 나사못과 동반 시술된 Flexible cage의 생체역학적 효과
김영현,박은영,김원현,황성필,박경우,이성재,Kim, Y.H.,Park, E.Y.,Kim, W.H.,Hwang, S.P.,Park, K.W.,Lee, Sung-Jae 대한의용생체공학회 2017 의공학회지 Vol.38 No.1
Recently, flexible cages have been introduced in an attempt to absorb and reduce the abnormal load transfer along the anterior parts of the spine. They are designed to be used with the pedicle screw systems to allow some mobility at the index level while containing ROM at the adjacent level. In this study, a finite element (FE) study was performed to assess biomechanical efficacies of the flexible cage when combined with pedicle screws with flexible rods. The post-operated models were constructed by modifying the L4-5 of a previously-validated 3-D FE model of the intact lumbar spine (L2-S1): (1) Type 1, flexible cage only; (2) Type 2, pedicle screws with flexible rods; (3) Type 3, interbody fusion cage plus pedicle screws with rigid rods; (4) Type 4, interbody fusion cage plus Type 2; (5) Type 5, Type 1 plus Type 2. Flexion/extension of 10 Nm with a compressive follower load of 400N was applied. As compared to the Type 3 (62~65%) and Type 4 (59~62%), Type 5 (53~55%) was able to limit the motion at the operated level effectively, despite moderate reduction at the adjacent level. It was also able to shift the load back to the anterior portions of the spine thus relieving excessively high posterior load transfer and to reduce stress on the endplate by absorbing the load with its flexible shape design features. The likelihood of component failure of flexble cage remained less than 30% regardless of loading conditions when combined with pedicle screws with flexible rods. Our study demonstrated that flexible cages when combined with posterior dynamic system may help reduce subsidence of cage and degeneration process at the adjacent levels while effectively providing stability at the operated level.
척추경나사못을 이용한 유합술과 동반 시술된 극돌기간 삽입기구의 생체역학적 연구
김영현,박은영,이성재,Kim, Y.H.,Park, E.Y.,Lee, S.J. 대한의용생체공학회 2015 의공학회지 Vol.36 No.6
Recently, during the multi-level fusion with pedicle screws, interspinous spacer are sometimes substituted for the most superior level of the fusion in an attempt to reduce the number of fusion level and likelihood of degeneration process at the adjacent level. In this study, a finite element (FE) study was performed to assess biomechanical efficacies of the interspinous spacer combined with posterior lumbar fusion with a previously-validated 3-dimensional FE model of the intact lumbar spine (L1-S1). The post-operative models were made by modifying the intact model to simulate the implantation of interspinous spacer and pedicle screws at the L3-4 and L4-5. Four different configurations of the post-op model were considered: (1) a normal spinal model; (2) Type 1, one-level fusion using posterior pedicle screws at the L4-5; (3) Type 2, two-level (L3-5) fusion; (4) Type 3, Type 1 plus Coflex$^{TM}$ at the L3-4. hybrid protocol (intact: 10 Nm) with a compressive follower load of 400N were used to flex, extend, axially rotate and laterally bend the FE model. As compared to the intact model, Type 2 showed the greatest increase in Range of motion (ROM) at the adjacent level (L2-3), followed Type 3, and Type 1 depending on the loading type. At L3-4, ROM of Type 2 was reduced by 34~56% regardless of loading mode, as compared to decrease of 55% in Type 3 only in extension. In case of normal bone strength model (Type 3_Normal), PVMS at the process and the pedicle remained less than 20% of their yield strengths regardless of loading, except in extension (about 35%). However, for the osteoporotic model (Type 3_Osteoporotic), it reached up to 56% in extension indicating increased susceptibility to fracture. This study suggested that substitution of the superior level fusion with the interspinous spacer in multi-level fusion may be able to offer similar biomechanical outcome and stability while reducing likelihood of adjacent level degeneration.
노인성 척추 후만증 재활을 위한 흉·요추 보조기의 형태에 따른 생체역학적 분석
김영현(Y. H. Kim),박광민(K. M. Park),전성철(S. C. Jun),정덕영(D. Y. Jung),이성재(S. J. Lee) 한국재활복지공학회 2011 한국재활복지공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.11
Thoracolumbar orthosis has been used for the rehabilitation of kyphosis. The aim of this study was to compare the pressure distribution on the trunk and stress changes on the orthosis in relation to changes in connecting frame designs (one-connecting plate type, two-connecting plate type, and ail-in-one type) using finite element models under different motions of the trunk. The result showed that ali-in-one type was able to distribute the pressure on the trunk more evenly for greater comfort for the patient while limiting the upper body motion most effectively. All three types exhibited good structural rigidity and showed no apparent weak link that may lead to the structural failure. In conclusion, our study found that all-in-one type of orthosis was the most effective design for the conservative treatment of spinal deformity in terms of function and comfort.
유한요소 해석을 이용한 정형용 흉·요추 보조기의 형태에 따른 생체역학적 분석
김영현(Y. H. Kim),전성철(S. C. Jun),정덕영(D. Y. Jung),이성재(S. J. Lee) 한국재활복지공학회 2012 재활복지공학회논문지 Vol.6 No.1
흉·요추 보조기는 후만증 관련 증상의 진행을 예방하고 통증을 완화시키기 위한 목적으로 노인성 후만증 환자의 재활을 위하여 이용되고 있다. 최근 다양한 형태의 흉·요추 보조기가 개발되고 있으나 생체역학적 효과에 관한 연구가 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 세 가지 형태 (Type 1, one-connecting frame type; Type 2, two-connecting frame type; Type 3, all-in-one type)의 흉·요추 보조기와 몸통 (trunk)의 유한요소 모델을 구현하여 보조기 착용 후 운동성 변화에 따른 몸통에서의 압력 분포 및 보조기의 응력을 비교 분석하였다. 신전 운동 시 몸통에서 확인되는 압력의 분산은 일체형의 형태를 가지는 Type 3에 의해서 가장 고르게 이루어졌으며 connecting frame 형태의 Type 1과 Type 2의 압력 분포 패턴은 크게 차이가 나지 않았다. 보조기 착용에 따른 몸통의 운동성은 Type 2 (11.3∼13.9°), Type 1 (12.1∼15.4°)와 비교하여 Type 3 (8.5∼9.4°)에 의하여 가장 크게 제한되었다. 모든 Type의 보조기는 20% 미만의 파단 가능성을 보였다. 따라서, 보조기 착용에 따른 등압 분포 및 운동성의 결과로 미루어 볼 때, 일체형의 흉·요추 보조기가 후만증 환자 재활에 있어 높은 효과를 제공할 것으로 사료된다. Thoracolumbar orthosis has been used for the rehabilitation of the patients with senile kyphosis. Recently, a number of different thoracolumbar orthosis designs have been introduced but its biomechanical effectiveness still remain unknown. In this study, we compared the pressure distribution on the surface of the trunk and stresses on the orthosis in relation to changes in connecting frame designs (Type 1, one-connecting frame type; Type 2, two-connecting frame type; Type 3, all-in-one type) using finite element (FE) models under different motions of the trunk. The results showed that Type 3 distributed the pressure on the trunk most evenly followed by Type 2 and Type 1 and the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 was negligible. ROM was limited most effectively by Type 3 (8.5∼9.4°), followed by Type 2 (11.3∼13.9°) and Type 1 (12.1∼15.4°). The ratio between the peak von Mises stress and yield strength of each material remained less than 20% regardless of orthosis type indicating low likelihood of component failure. In conclusion, our study found that all-in-one type of orthosis was the most effective design for the conservative treatment of spinal deformity in terms of function and comfort.
국산 아피오스(Apios americana Medikus) 감자의 식품학적 성분분석
김영현 ( Y. H. Kim ),이성갑 ( S. K. Rhee ),이애리 ( A. R. Lee ),김단비 ( D. B. Kim ),이옥환 ( O. H. Lee ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2014 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.26 No.1
본 연구에서는 국내산 아피오스 감자의 식품학적 성분을 분석하고자 동결건조 된 시료의 일반성분, 아밀로오스, 식이섬유, 비타민 B2, 비타민 C 및 색도를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 아피오스 감자의 조단백질, 조지방, 조회분및 탄수화물 함량은 각각 13.79%, 3.03%, 5.10% 및 78.08%를 차지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 아피오스 감자의 아밀로오스 함량은 9.34%이었고, 식이섬유 함량은 20.38%로 나타났다. 아피오스 감자의 비타민 B2 및 비타민 C의 함량은 각각 0.07 mg/100 g, 74 mg/100 g이었으며, Hunter 색체계를 이용하여 측정한 아피오스 감자의 명도(L값), 적색도(a값), 황색도(b값)는 각각 84.08 ± 0.01, 0.10± 0.02, 5.19 ± 0.01이었다. 본 연구는 아피오스 감자의 식품성분을 분석한 것으로 아피오스 감자의 식품가공 및 건강기능식품 이용을 위한 기초자료로 활용이 가능한 것으로 판단된다. This study was to investigate the food components of apios pota b values of apios potato were 84.08 ± 0.01, 0.10 ± 0.02, 5.19 ± 0.01, respectively. The contents of vitamin B2 and vitamin C were 0.07 mg and 74 mg, respectively. In addition, amylose and dietary fiber contents were 9.34 and 20.38% respectively. These result indicate that apios potato has a rich dietary fiber and nutritional components as a food ingredient and functional food materials.