TBT 노출에 따른 넙치, Paralichthys olivaceus의 혈액학적 성상 및 혈장성분의 변화

김신후 ( Shin Hu Kim ),황인기 ( In Ki Hwang ),강주찬 ( Ju Chan Kang ),김준환 ( Jun Hwan Kim ) 한국어병학회 2015 한국어병학회지 Vol.28 No.2

Juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus (mean length 17.3 ± 2.2 cm, mean weight 46.5 ± 6.3 g) were exposed for 10 days to tributyltin (TBT) at various concentrations (0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 μg/L). Hematological parameters, such as red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, were considerably decreased by high TBT concentrations. In plasma constituents, inorganic components such calcium and magnesium were also significantly altered. Plasma calcium was notably decreased, whereas plasma magnesium was increased. The enzyme components, glutamic oxalate transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT), were significantly decreased by TBT exposure. The present findings suggest that TBT exposure can cause significant alterations in hematological parameters and plasma constituents of flatfish Paralichthys olivaceus.

수온 증가에 따른 말전복, Haliotis gigantea과 둥근전복, Haliotis discus discus (Reeve, 1846) hemolymph의 생리학적 변화

민은영,김신후,황인기,김경욱,박보미,이정식,강주찬,Min, Eun-Young,Kim, Shin-Hu,Hwang, In-Ki,Kim, Kyeong-Wook,Park, Bo-Mi,Lee, Jung Sick,Kang, Ju-Chan 한국패류학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.31 No.3

This study was conducted to examine the effects of alterations in water temperature (WT) on biochemical and immunological factors in the hemolymph of the abalones, Haliotis gigantea and H. discus discus. The abalone were exposed to various WT; 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 and $28^{\circ}C$ for 96 hours. In biochemical factors, total-protein (TP), glucose, magnesium (Mg), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were not significant changes in hemolymph of H. gigantea and H. discus discus. But calcium was significantly increased by high WT (${\geq}24^{\circ}C$). In immunological factor, The phenoloxidase (PO) activity was decreased in hemolymph of H. gigantea and H. discus discus exposed to high temperature (${\geq}22^{\circ}C$) compared to the control (P < 0.05). Whereas alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was not significantly changed. These results suggested that high temperature adversely affects the immunity of H. gigantea and H. discus discus. 본 연구에서는 수온 증가에 따른 말전복 (Haliotis gigantea) 과 둥근전복 (H. discus discus) 헤모림프의 생리 및 면역학적 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 위 두 전복을 20, 22, 24, 26 및 $28^{\circ}C$ 수온에 각각 4 일간 노출시켰다. 노출 결과, 헤모림프의 totalo-protein (TP), glucose, calcium (Ca) 은 둥근전복 (H. discus discus)이 말전복 (H. gigantea) 보다 높은 값을 보였으나, magnesium (Mg), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 두 전복에서 유사한 값을 보였다. 그리고 면역인자인 PO에서는 둥근전복 (H. discus discus)이 더 높게 나타났다. 수온 증가에 따른 헤모림프의 TP, glucose, Mg, AST, ALT 및 ALP는 유의적인 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 헤모림프의 Ca 농도는 둥근전복 (H. discus discus)에서 $24^{\circ}C$ 이상, 말전복 (H. gigantea)에서는 $26^{\circ}C$ 이상의 수온에서 유의적 증가를 보였다. 그리고 면역인자인 phenoloxidase (PO) 는 둥근전복 (H. discus discus)은 $22^{\circ}C$ 이상 말전복 (H. gigantea) 에서는 $26^{\circ}C$ 이상의 수온에서 유의적 감소를 나타내었다. 결론적으로 말전복 (H. gigantea)은 $24^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 혈액학적 변화를 보였고, $26^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 면역학적 변화를 보였다. 둥근전복 (H. discus discus)은 $26^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 혈액학적 변화를 보였고, $22^{\circ}C$ 이상에서 면역학적 변화를 나타내었다.

우리나라에서 분리된 바이러스성출혈성패혈증 바이러스(Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus, VHSV)의 증식에 대한 Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) 농도의 영향

김진희 ( Jin Hui Kim ),박정수 ( Jeong Su Park ),권세련 ( Se Ryun Kwon ),김신후 ( Shin Hu Kim ),김형준 ( Hyoung Jun Kim ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2018 한국수산과학회지 Vol.51 No.1

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is essential for cell culture and is used in the determination of infectivity titer and propagation of viruses. To clarify the effects of FBS on the propagation of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), which is a causative agent of mass mortalities of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in Korea, VHSV was inoculated into an EPC (epithelioma papulosum cyprinid) cell line supplemented with MEMs (minimal essential medium) with FBS concentrations of 0%, 2%, 5%, and 10% (MEM0, MEM2, MEM5, and MEM10), respectively, and infectivity titers were compared. Cytopathic effects were observed in all experimental groups at 2 days post virus inoculation (dpi) and all cells were detached from cell culture flasks at 7 dpi. Infectivity titers increased to 3 dpi, persisted to 7 dpi, and decreased when cells were detached. The titer of VHSV in EPC cells in MEM0 was the lowest while those in the other experimental groups showed similar levels. In conclusion, 2% (v/v) of FBS was sufficient to propagate VHSV in EPC cells and the withdrawal of VHSV from cell culture flasks should be performed before cell detachment.

고수온 스트레스에 대한 둥근전복, Haliotis discus discus (Reeve, 1846), 말전복, Haliotis gigantea의 항산화 및 면역학적 반응

민은영(EunYoung Min),김신후(Shin Hu Kim),이정식(Jung Sick Lee),강주찬(Ju-Chan Kang) 한국패류학회 2017 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.33 No.2

A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of elevated water temperature on antioxidant and immunological response in the abalones, Haliotis discus discus and Haliotis gigantea. The abalones were exposed to various water temperature; 20, 21, 22, 24, 26 and 28℃ for 96 hours. After thermal stress for 96 hours, in the control, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in hepatopancreas of H. gigantea were higher (1.3 times) than the values in H. discus discus. Although SOD activities showed no significant differences in H. discus discus, the values in H. gigantea were significantly increased in 24℃ or higher compared to the control after 24 hours exposure. Catalase (CAT) activities in hepatopancreas of H. discus discus were higher (1.4 times) than the values of H. gigantea in the control. After thermal stress (≥ 26℃), CAT activities significantly increased in both species compared to the control. The phenoloxidase (PO) activity of hemolymph was decreased in both species exposed to high temperature (≥ 26℃) compared to the control (P < 0.05). The values of lysozyme were significantly decreased in H. discus discus exposed to 28℃, and in H. gigantea to 26℃. In conclusion, in both species, there was a significant increase on antioxidant abilities (CAT) and a decrease on immunological parameters (PO and lysozyme) after thermal stress of 26℃ or higher. Also, antioxidant enzymes, SOD activities significantly increased in H. gigantea, but there was no significance in H. discus discus after thermal stress. These results suggested that H. gigantea is considered to be more sensitive than H. discus discus on thermal stress even though the similar warm current type.

우리나라 초·중·고·특수 학교의 운동장 유형 현황 조사

장석원(Seog-Won Chang),이정호(Jeong-Ho Lee),배은지(Eun-Ji Bae),김신후(Shin-Hu Kim) 한국잡초학회·한국잔디학회 2021 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.10 No.1

전국 초·중·고·특수 학교의 운동장 유형 및 체육관 보유 현황을 파악하는 것은 학생의 학습 환경을 이해하는데 큰 도움을 줄 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 전국 시도 교육청을 통해 학교 유형별로 초·중·고·특수 학교의 운동장 수를 파악하였다. 또한 전국 102개 학교를 방문하여 운동장내 트랙 설치율과 체육관 보유 현황을 조사하였다. 전국 초·중·고교의 학교운동장 수는 11,730개소였다. 운동장 유형은 맨땅운동장>인조잔디운동장>천연잔디운동장 순서로 많았다. 전체운동장 대비 천연잔디운동장의 비율은 제주특별자치도, 전라북도, 강원도, 전라남도가 20% 이상으로 높았다. 학교 유형 중에는 특수학교의 천연잔디운동장 비율이 44.7%로 가장 높았다. 운동장 유형 중에는 인조잔디운동장의 트랙 설치율이 가장 높았다. 천연잔디운동장과 맨땅운동장의 트랙 설치율은 매우 낮은 수준이었다. 체육관은 학교 유형에 관계 없이 대부분의 학교에서 보유하고 있었다. Knowing the playground types of elementary, middle, high, and special schools nationwide and alternative playground facilities can be of great help in understanding the learning environment of students. In this study, the playground numbers of elementary, middle, high, and special schools were surveyed from each provincial offices of education. In addition, we visited 102 schools nationwide to investigate the rate of track installation and the presence or absence of a gymnasium. The playground numbers in elementary, middle and high, and special schools nationwide were 11,730. Among the types of the playground, the order with the highest number was bare ground playground>artificial turf playground>natural turfgrass playground. The provinces where the proportion of natural turfgrass playground was over 20% were Jeju special self-governing province, Jeollabuk-do, Gangwon-do, and Jeollanam-do. Among the school types, the percentage of natural turfgrass playground in special schools was the highest at 44.7%. Among the playground types, the artificial turf playground had the highest track installation rate. The rate of track installation in the natural turf playground and bare ground playground was very low. Gymnasiums were owned by most schools regardless of school type.