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고령토로부터 합성한 제올라이트 A 의 열처리에 의한 특성변화
김면섭,정순용 한국화학공학회 1984 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.22 No.1
하동지방의 담홍색 고령토를 수산화나트륨수용액으로 반응시켜 합성한 제올라이트A를 400℃에서 900℃까지 열처리하여 그 특성변화와 이온교환성에 대해서 연구하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 제올라이트A는 800℃에서 결정이 파괴되어 900℃에서는 nepheline이 생성됨을 알았다. 400℃와 750℃사이에서 열처리한 제올라이트A의 흡수성은 변화가 없었으나, 800℃ 및 900℃로 열처리한 제올라이트A는 흡수능이 거의 없음을 알 수 있었다. Ag^+ - Na^+의 이온교환반응의 경우는 400∼750℃로 열처리하나 제올라이트A는 이온교환성이 거의 일정하였으나 Mg^(2+) - Na^+의 이온교환반응일 경우에는 400℃에서 750℃까지 열처리온도가 증가할수록 이온교환성이 조금씩 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 또한 800℃ 및 900℃로 열처리한 제올라이트A는 이온교환이 거의 일어나지 않음을 알 수 있었다. Ag^+ - Na^+와 Mg^(2+) - Na^+의 이온교환반응의 실험값으로부터 표준 Gibbs자유에너지, 엔탈피, 엔트로피를 계산하였다. Synthetic zeolite A prepared from Hadong kaolin in sodium hydroxide solution was calcined between 400 and 900℃. Changes of ion exchange properties and structure during the thermal treatment between 400 and 900℃ were studied. As the synthesized zeolite A was treated at 800℃, the structure was partially destroyed, whereas at 900℃, nepheline type structure was appeared. The water adsorption capacity on zeolite A treated between 400 and 750℃ was almost constant, but that was only trace amount at 800 and 900℃. When zeolite A was heated from 400 to 750℃, the ion exchange properties were almost constant for the Ag^+-Na^+ system, but slowly decreased for the Mg^(2+)-Na^+ system. At 800 or 900℃, the ion exchange properties were negligible. From the experimental data at ion exchange reaction in the cation system of Ag^+-Na^+and Mg^(2+)-Na^+ Gibbs free energy, enthalph, and entropy were calculated.
장석 , 규석 , 고령토의 수산화칼륨용액 처리에 의한 결정형의 변화(제 1 보) : Zeolite 의 생성조건 Preparation Condition of Zeolite
김면섭 한국화학공학회 1974 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.12 No.6
우리나라産의 安養長石, 金泉珪石, 河東高嶺土를 200 mesh로 분쇄하여 0.5∼4.N 水酸化칼륨溶液으로 100∼200℃에서 8∼24時間 autoclave에서 處理하여 그 結晶의 變化를 X線回折圖 等으로 조사하였다. 長石 만을 處理했을 경우에는 zeolite K-Pt가 생성되었으며, 長石과 珪石의 혼합물 處理의 경우는 mordenite가 생성되었고, 長石과 高嶺土의 혼합물의 處理의 경우에는 zeolite P₂가 생성되었다. 이 중 mordenite가 이온交換 能力과 氣孔率이 가장 우수하였다. Korean albite, sandstone and halloysite were treated in autoclave with 0.5∼4N potassium hydroxide solution for 8-24hrs at 100-200℃. The transformations of the crystal forms were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis. The albite, the mixture of albite-sandstone and the mixture of albite-halloysite were transformed to zeolite K-Pt, mordenite and P₂respectively. Among these products, mordenite showed the most excellent ion-exchange capacity and porosity.
김면섭 한국세라믹학회 1977 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.14 No.1
Domestic Anyang feldspar was treated in autoclave with 1N sodium hydroxide solution for 1-6 hrs at 100-20$0^{\circ}C$ By X-ray diffraction patterns and cation exchange capacity, the products were examined. The following concecutive reaction was valid. AlbitelongrightarrowAmorphous aluminosilicatelongrightarrowAnalcime The reaction rate constants, k1 and k2, were 0.20 and 0.15(1/hr) at 20$0^{\circ}C$ respectively. The activiation energy from albite to amorphous aluminosilicate was 10 kcal/mol, and from amorphous aluminosilicate to analcine 13 kcal/mol. The analcime obtained was excellent in cation exchange capacity, amounting to 210meq./100g.
김면섭,강성군,조종수 한국부식학회 1981 Corrosion Science and Technology Vol.10 No.1
The reactions of iron or nickel with vanadium (V) oxide in argon gas atmosphere were studied in the temperature range of 650-1000℃ for various times. The corrosion products of the reactions were examined by X-ray diffraction paterns, Iron (II) vanadate (III) and wu¨stite were detected in iron-vanadium (V) oxide reaction. These corrosion products were formed rapidly and were detected identically in the above temperature range. The weight loss was detected in iron-vanadium (V) oxide reaction but none in nickelvanadium (V) oxide reaction. The weight loss was considered to be due to the evolution of oxygen. A role of vanadium (V) oxide in the accelerated corrosion of the metals was considered as oxygen carrier.
김면섭,전광수 한국화학공학회 1985 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.23 No.4
국산 장석을 원료로 하여 합성한 제올라이트 P의 Ag^+, K^+, NH₄^+ 및 LI^+ 이온의 이온교환성, 선택성 및 표준 Gibbs자유에너지를 소사하기 위해 국산 장석을 800℃에서 하소하여 2N 수산화나트륨수용액으로 100℃에서 3∼12시간 반응시켜 합성한 제올라이트 P를 X-선 회절도에 의해 결정구조를 확인하고 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 결정구조는 체심입방정으로 단위세포길이는 다른 보문과 거의 일치함을 알았다. 제올라이트 P의 M^+이온교환성은 10시간 반응시킨 것이 가장 우수했으며 이때 이온교환선택성은 S_M=0.6이하에서 Ag^+>Na^+>K^+>NH₄^+>Li^+ 이온의 순서이었다. 또한 이온교환 표준 Gibbs자유에너지의 크기는 Li^+>NH₄^+>K^+>Ag^+ 이온의 순서임을 알았다. Ion exchange properties, selectivities and standard Gibbs free energies of Ag^+, K^+, NH₄^+ and Li^+ has been studied with the synthetic zeolite P made from the domestic sodium feldspar calcinated at 800℃ and treated with 2N sodium hydroxide solution at 100℃ for 3∼12 hrs. The crystaline structure of this synthetic zeolite P was estimated by X-ray diffraction method. The results were as follows. The crystalline structure was the body centered cubic and the length of the unit cell was corresponded with the other reference. Univalent ion exchange properties of the zeolite P prepared with feldspar for 10 hrs. were excellent. And than the selectivity series at S_M < 0.6 has been reflected in the order Ag^+>Na^+>K^+>NH₄^+>Li^+. And/or the order of decreasing standard Gibbs free energy has been found Li^+>NH₄^+>K^+>Ag^+.