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수용체 모델(PMF)를 이용한 서울시 대기 중 VOCs의 배출원에 따른 위해성평가
권승미(Seung-Mi Kwon),최유리(Yu-Ri Choi),박명규(Myoung-Kyu Park),이호준(Ho-Joon Lee),김광래(Gwang-Rae Kim),유승성(Seung-Sung Yoo),조석주(Seog-Ju Cho),신진호(Jin-Ho Shin),신용승(Yong-Seung Shin),이철민(Cheolmin Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2021 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.47 No.5
Background: With volatile organic compounds (VOCs) containing aromatic and halogenated hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene that can adversely affect the respiratory and cardiovascular systems when a certain concentration is reached, it is important to accurately evaluate the source and the corresponding health risk effects. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide scientific evidence for the city of Seoul’s VOC reduction measures by confirming the risk of each VOC emission source. Methods: In 2020, 56 VOCs were measured and analyzed at one-hour intervals using an online flame ionization detector system (GC-FID) at two measuring stations in Seoul (Gangseo: GS, Bukhansan: BHS). The dominant emission source was identified using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, and health risk assessment was performed on the main components of VOCs related to the emission source. Results: Gasoline vapor and vehicle combustion gas are the main sources of emissions in GS, a residential area in the city center, and the main sources are solvent usage and aged VOCs in BHS, a greenbelt area. The risk index ranged from 0.01 to 0.02, which is lower than the standard of 1 for both GS and BHS, and was an acceptable level of 5.71×10-7 to 2.58×10-6 for carcinogenic risk. Conclusions: In order to reduce the level of carcinogenic risk to an acceptable safe level, it is necessary to improve and reduce the emission sources of vehicle combustion and solvent usage, and eco-car policies are judged to contribute to the reduction of combustion gas as well as providing a response to climate change.
소형챔버를 이용한 드라이클리닝 모직물 목도리의 휘발성유기화합물 방출 특성
신진호(Jin-ho Shin),권승미(Seung-mi Kwon),김현수(Hyun-soo Kim),노방식(Bang-Sik Roh),김광래(Kwang-rae Kim),어수미(Soo-mi Eo),정권(Kweon Jung),이영규(Young-Kyu Lee) 한국환경보건학회 2017 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.43 No.2
Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the emission of VOCs from clothing that had been dry cleaned. Methods: In order to ensure the same conditions, f100% wool scarves were selected as the fabric type. Four identical tests were conducted on the option of either removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not . The scarf was located inside a closet or room for one or two days. Small chamber tests were conducted to determine the VOC emission characteristics under the same conditions such as temperature, humidity, loading factor, and air exchange rates. Air from the chamber for VOCs was sampled by Tenax TA tube and analyzed by thermal desorption and GC/MSD. Results: Assuming that test represented dry cleaning and consumer’s conditions well enough, we can conclude that immediate emissions after the dry cleaning of the scarfs caused elevated levels of TVOC, five VOCs (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, stylene), and decane group compounds. Conclusions: By removing the plastic bags which came from the dry cleaning shop or not, the storage conditions of dry cleaned scarfs by consumers during the storage time periods (one to three days) would be significant for reducing VOC emissions.
디누더(Denuder)장착 여부에 따른 초미세먼지(PM<sub>2.5</sub>) 중 암모늄 과대 평가와 이온 밸런스에 관한 연구
엄정훈 ( Jung-Hoon Uhm ),박세영 ( Se-young Park ),권승미 ( Seung-Mi Kwon ),신진호 ( Jin-ho Shin ),조석주 ( Seog-Ju Cho ),김현욱 ( Hyunook Kim ) 한국환경분석학회 2021 환경분석과 독성보건 Vol.24 No.2
Whencollectingairsamplesforanalyzingtheioniccomponentsoffinedust,a(+)errormayoccurbecausegaseousprecursorsreactwitheachotheronthefiltersurfacetoformparticles.ToremoveNO<sub>2</sub>,SO<sub>2</sub>,HNO<sub>3</sub>,HNO<sub>2</sub>,andNH<sub>3</sub>,whichmaycausetheseerrors,adenudermustbeinstalledinfrontofthesamplingport.However,withtheextensiveuseofsequentialsamplersthatautomaticallyreplacesfiltersonceevery24h,theuseofdenudersisdecreasing.Inthisstudy,theeffectofdenuderinstallationwasanalyzedbyoperatingasamplersimultaneouslywithandwithoutadenuderon279samplescollectedfromGwangjin,Seoul.ItwasconfirmedthattheNH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>concentrationofthesamplerequippedwithadenuderwas13.4%~26.9%lessthanthatofthesamplerwithoutthedenuderwhenthefineparticleconcentrationwaslessthan30μg/㎥.Further,lessnitrateandsulfateweredetectedwhenthedenuderwasinstalled.However,theirlevelswerenotaslowasthatofNH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>.Thisislikelybecausenitrateandsulfatearecollectedinaformboundtowatersolubleorganiccarbonparticlesandthenelutedtoaddanionstolowertheionbalance.Inaddition,whenthedenuderwasnotinstalled,theionbalancevaluewashigherthanthatwiththedenuderinstalled,whichwasattributedtothepartialneutralizationofnegativeionsbygaseousammonia.Therefore,todeterminewhetheranerroroccursduringtheexperiment,theionbalanceshouldbecarefullymaintained.