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연속 흐름형 미생물 연료전지에서의 생물 산화전극 및 활성탄 기반 환원전극의 특성 연구
구본영 ( Koo Bonyoung ),정석희 ( Jung Sokhee ) 한국물환경학회 2020 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2020 No.-
Characterizations of the electrochemistry of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) is very important in developing bio-electrochemical energy producing wastewater treatment process. Compared to the development of MFC technology, however, understanding of its electrochemical characterization is still insufficient. The main reason is that its electrochemical analysis is very difficult due to the complex nature of the anode biofilm, which is a key to generating electricity. In this experiment, the influence of the measurement potential of impedance and the scanning rate for polarization curve on the MFC electrochemistry was investigated. The experiment was performed after stabilizing the system for accurate measurement. Unlike the previous batch tests showing the lowest anodic impedance at -400 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, the anodic impedance decreased and the current production increased as the anode potential increased up to +5.7 mV vs. Ag/AgCl in the continuous flow MFC. The polarization curves were produced at two scanning rates (1 and 0.1 mV/s) in a continuous mode, and those electrochemical data were comparatively analyzed. When it is difficult to maintain a steady state for a long time in an MFC, it will be possible to produce polarization curves in a short time with a faster scanning rate. When performance analysis is needed, the comparative analysis would be possible among the data at different conditions through extrapolation.
궁극의 그린수소 생산을 위한 미생물 전기분해 전지 기술의 동향과 전망
구본영(Bonyoung Koo),정석희(Sokhee P. Jung) 대한환경공학회 2022 대한환경공학회지 Vol.44 No.10
현재 그레이 수소나 블루 수소가 재생 에너지로 널리 인식되고 있으나, 실상은 모두 화석연료로 만들어지고 있다. 수소기반사회의 달성을 위해 가장 핵심적인 과제는 바로 시장 경제성 있는 그린 수소 생산 기술의 개발이다. 미생물 전기분해 전지(MEC)은 친환경 자원인 유기성 하폐수를 처리함과 동시에 궁극의 그린 수소를 생산하는 차세대 에너지 생산형 하폐수처리 기술이다. MFC의 수소 생산을 위해, MEC에 전기 에너지의 투입이 필요하다. 하지만, 그 에너지는 MEC에서 생산되는 에너지로 모두 충당된다. 그러므로 MEC의 수소는 궁극의 그린 수소로 정의될 수 있다. 본 총설 논문은 MEC 기술의 원리와 타당성, MEC의 구성과 형태, 전극 재료, 다양한 하폐수 성상에 따른 실제 적용 사례에 대해서 심층적인 요약과 분석을 담고 있다. 더 나아가 파일럿 규모에서 다른 환경 시스템과의 결합성 및 확장성을 검토하였다. 이를 바탕으로 MEC의 기술적 한계를 진단하였고 MEC 기술 실용화를 위한 향후 연구 방향을 제안하였다. Currently, gray hydrogen and blue hydrogen are widely recognized as renewable energy, but in reality, they are made from fossil fuels. The most important task to achieve the hydrogen-based society is the development of economic green hydrogen production technology. Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is a next-generation energy-producing wastewater treatment technology that treats renewable organic wastewater and simultaneously produces the ultimate green hydrogen. For hydrogen production in MFC, it is necessary to input electrical energy into MEC. However, that energy is all covered by the energy produced by the MEC. Therefore, hydrogen production in MEC can be defined as the ultimate green hydrogen. This review contains an in-depth summary and analysis of the principles and feasibility of MEC technology, the composition and shape of MEC, electrode materials, and practical application cases in various types of wastewaters. Furthermore, compatibility and scalability with other environmental systems were reviewed at the pilot scale. Based on this, the technical limitations of MEC were diagnosed and future research directions for the practical application of MEC technology were suggested.
스마트폰 어플리케이션 상 버튼의 이미지영역과 감지영역의 불일치를 통한 기능성 극대화
구본영 ( Bonyoung Koo ) 커뮤니케이션디자인학회 2015 커뮤니케이션 디자인학연구 Vol.53 No.-
스마트폰 터치스크린 상 버튼은 정보 제공을 방해하지 않으면서 조작 편의성이 담보되어야 한다. 즉, 버튼기능에 대한 정보식별을 수월하게하고 오조작 가능성을 낮춤과 동시에 가능한 작은 면적에 배치되도록 설계하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 그 해결책으로 버튼이미지 영역의 일부만을 터치 여부 감지 영역으로 하는 방안을 제시하고 실험을 실시하였다. 실험은 버튼이미지와 감지영역이 일치하는 버튼(S유형버튼), 버튼이미지의 1/2영역만을 감지영역으로 하는 버튼(H유형버튼), 그리고 버튼이미지의 1/3영역만을 감지영역으로하는 버튼(T유형버튼)의 정상조작률과 조작소요시간을 측정하였다. 그 결과 정상조작률은 오차범위 내에서 H유형이 높게 나타났으며, 조작시간은 S유형이 가장 빠르게 나타났다. 그런데 오조작에 따른 추가소요시간을 감안한 결과 S유형과 H유형 버튼의 조작시간 차이는 사용자가 느끼기 어려운 수준으로, 조작 성공률이 높은 H유형 버튼을 적용하는 것이 바람직하다는 결론에 도달하였다. Buttons on the smart phone touch-screen shall be guaranteed with convenience of operation while not interrupting the function of providing information. In other words, smart phone touch-screen buttons shall be designed so that they are distributed in smaller areas as much as possible while making it convenient to identify information on the button functions and reducing the chance of error in operation. This study has suggested plans of having a part of button image areas as a sense area for identifying whether to be touched as a solution and implemented an experiment. In the experiment, normal operation rate and operation lead-time were measured on a button that button image and sense areas were consistent with each other (S-type button), a button that a half of the button image area was a sense area (H-type button), and a button that only one-third button image area was a sense area (T-type button). As a result, normal operation rate was turned out to be the highest in H-type button in an error range, while operation lead-time was shown to be the fastest in S-type button. However, according to the result obtained after considering an additional lead-time from error in operation, the difference of lead-time between S-type and H-type buttons was barely recognizable by users. Therefore, a conclusion was drawn that it was desirable to apply H-type button with higher success rate of operation.
활성탄 기반 환원전극의 환원된 그래핀 옥사이드 첨가에 따른 미생물 연료전지 전력 발생 향상 연구
구본영 ( Koo Bonyoung ),정석희 ( Jung Sokhee ) 한국물환경학회 2020 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2020 No.-
Activated carbon (AC) is an inexpensive catalyst for oxygen reduction in an air cathode of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In the AC-based cathode, carbon black (CB) is used as a conductive supporting material. In this study, it was hypothesized cathodic performance would increase if reduced graphene oxide (rGO) replaces CB in an optimum ratio. rGO replaced CB in the four different weight ratios. Maximum power density was the best in rGO15 (2,642 mW/m<sup>2</sup>) followed by rGO5 (2,142 mW/m<sup>2</sup>). In the optimum external resistance operation, rGO5 and rGO showed similar power (~1,060 mW/m<sup>2</sup>), higher than the others. Linear sweep voltammetry, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy also showed that the optimal rGO additions improved cathodic performance and reduced cathodic internal resistance. Due to the flatter and wider shape of rGO and 5 times higher electrical conductivity than CB, the rGO addition improved the cathodic performance, but the complete replacement of CB with rGO decreased the cathodic performance due to the increased thickness and the morphological crack. The optimum rGO addition is a simple and effective method for improving cathodic performance.