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산소 미세전극을 이용한 남해연안 퇴적물/해수 계면에서 산소소모율 및 유기탄소 산화율 추정
이재성,김기현,유준,정래홍,고태승,Lee, Jae-Seon,Kim, Kee-Hyun,Yu, Jun,Jung, Rae-Hong,Ko, Tae-Seung 한국해양학회 2003 바다 Vol.8 No.4
남해 중부해역 반폐쇄성 만과 유기오염 유입원이 다수 존재하는 7개 연안에서 2003년 5월 13일부터 17일에 걸쳐 산소 미세전극을 이용 공극수내 산소의 수직분포를 측정하였다. 관측된 산소투과깊이 범위는 1.30∼3.80 mm로 매우 작았다. 극히 얕은 산화층 존재는 초기속성 작용 연구 중 산화$.$환원 반응연구를 최소한 mm 단위로 연구할 필요성을 제시한다. 공극수 수직분포에 1차 확산-반응 모델을 적용하여 추정된 퇴적물/해수 계면에서 산소소모율 범위 는 10.8∼27.6 mmol $O_2$ m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$(평균 19.1 mmol $O_2$ m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$)였고 퇴적물 유기탄소 농도와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 또한 플럭스에 산소 대 탄소 비 (170/110)를 적용하여 추정한 유기탄소 산화율은 89.5∼228.1 mg C m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$(평균: 158.0 mg C m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$)였다. 이들 결과는 남해중부 해역중 유기물 유입이 많은 지역을 대상으로 한 결과로 남해 평균 값 중 최대값으로 생각되며 연안환경의 부영양화 및 빈산소 수괴 형성 기작을 밝히기 위해서는 이러한 연구가 보다 많은 지역에서 계절적으로 수행되어져야 할 것으로 생각한다. We used an oxygen microelectrode to measure the vertical profiles of oxygen concentration in sediments located near point sources of organic matter. The measurements were carried out between 13th and 17th May, 2003, in semi-closed bay and coastal sediments in the central part of the South Sea. The measured oxygen penetration depths were extremely shallow and ranged from 1.30 to 3.80 mm. This suggested that the oxidation and reduction reactions in the early diagenesis should be studied at the mm depth scale. In order to estimate the oxygen consumption rate, we applied the one-dimension diffusion-reaction model to vertical profiles of oxygen near the sediment/water interface. Oxygen consumption rates were estimated to be between 10.8 and 27.6 mmol O$_2$ m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/(average: 19.1 mmol O$_2$ m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/). These rates showed a positive correlation with the organic carbon of the sediments. The corresponding benthic organic carbon oxidation rates calculated using an modified Redfield ratio (170/110) at the sediment/water interface were in the range of 89.5-228.1 mg C m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/(average: 158.0 mg C m$\^$-2/ day$\^$-1/). We suggest that these results are maximum values at the presents situation in the bay because the sampling sites were located near point sources of organic materials. This study will need to be carried out at many coastal sites and throughout the seasons to allow an understanding of the mechanisms of eutrophication e.g. the spatial distribution of oxygen consumption within the oxic zone and hypoxic conditions in the coastal sea.
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장기관측자료에 의한 금강하구둑 수문조작에 따른 수질 변화 평가
권정노(Jung No Kwon),김종구(Jong Gu Kim),고태승(Tae Seung Ko) 한국수산과학회 2001 한국수산과학회지 Vol.34 No.4
N/A This study was conducted to estimation of change characteristics for water quality by the dyke gate operation in the Keum River estuary. The estimation data made use of surveyed date in Keum River estuary by NFRDI (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) during 1990~1999. Shown to compare water quality changes at st. A and st. D in Figure 1, the concentrations of TSS, COD and nutrients at st. A were as high as about 2~4 times than those at s. D due to affection of fresh water discharge in the Keum River. The percentages of water quality change at surface water by dyke gate operation in the Keum River estuary were shown that TSS (Total Suspended Solid) was decrease to 56%, 47% at st. A and D, and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) was increase to 68%, 71% at st. A and D, respectively. The changes percentage of DIN (Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen) by dyke gate operation in the Keum River estuary were increase high to 95% at surface water and 7~30% at bottom water, but those of DIP (Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus) were increase to 2.8~8.6% at surface water and 28% at bottom water. The range of fluctuation for water quality at each station by dyke gate operation has shown that salinity and TSS are little better than before dyke gate operation, but COD show highly fluctuation. Also we studied estimation of characteristics of water quality change by the season. COD was increased except the summer, TSS was decreased to all season. DIN was increased to about 61~172.1% for all season, but DIP was increased to the spring and decreased to the autumn. DIN enrichment in the estuary by dyke gate operation are interpreted to improvement of organic matter decomposition and nitrification by increasing the residence time and to increase nutrient flux in sediments due to decreasing dissolved oxygen and increasing a deposit matter.
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Cyclic Changes in the gonad of venus clam, Dosinia (Phacosoma) japonica Reeve
CHUNG,Ee-Yung,LEE,Young-Don,KO,Tae-Seung 群山大學校自然科學硏究所 1987 自然科學硏究 Vol.2 No.-
우리 나라 西·南海岸에 主로 棲息하고 있는 食用二枚貝인 떡조개, Dosinia (Phacosoma), japonica를 對象으로 生殖生物學的 調査를 實施한 結果는 다음과 같다. 떡조개는 雌雄異體이며, 生殖巢는 內腸囊에서부터 足部의 網狀結締組織까지 不規則하게 배열되어 있다. 完熟卵들은 直徑이 約 55∼65μm이었으며, 이들은 젤라틴性 膜에 依해 둘러싸여 있다. 産卵後 生殖巢는 점차로 退化되면서 그 組織들이 해체되어 위축되어지고 그 이듬해에 다시 新生分化組織들이 再配置된다. 떡조개의 生殖周期는 分裂增殖期(12∼1月), 成長期(1∼5月), 成熟期(5∼6月), 放出期(6∼7月), 그리고 退化 및 休止期(7∼12月)의 連續的인 5段階로 區分할 수 있었다. 産卵期는 水溫과 密接하게 관련되어 있었고, 産卵은 水溫이 20℃ 以上인 6∼7月에 걸쳐 일어나며 主産卵期는 7月이었다. Cyclic changes in the gonad of venus clam, Dosinia (Phacosoma) japonica were investigated by histological observations of gonadal tissue. Sexuality of the species is dioecious. The gonads are located between mid-intestinal gland and the reticular connective tissue of the foot. The ripe eggs ranging in diameter from 55 to 65μm are surrounded by gelatinous membrane. After spawning, the gonad gradually degenerated, and disorganized. Then new differentiated tissues were rearranged next year. The reproductive cycle of venus clam could be differentiated into five successive stages : multiplicative(December to January), growing(January to May), mature(May to June), spent (June to July), and degenerative and resting(July to December). It seems that the spawning period was closely related to the water temperature, and spawning occurred from June to July at above 20℃ in water temperature. The peak spawning period appeared in July.
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