카드뮴중독 환자의 임상상 - 특히 신기능을 중심으로

조성 ( Jo Seong ),김용림 ( Kim Yong Lim ),김성록 ( Kim Seong Log ),조동규 ( Jo Dong Gyu ),김용진 ( Kim Yong Jin ),강성규 ( Kang Seong Gyu ) 대한신장학회 2001 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.20 No.6

카드뮴은 도금, 플라스틱, 유리, 합금, 전기소재 등의 제조에 널리 사용되고 있으며 이로 인한중독은 요세관 장애, 폐기종, 폐암, 골연화증, 요로결석 등을 일으킨다. 제련업, 배터리 제조업 등카드뮴 관련 산업이 많은 국내에서 카드뮴 중독증에 대한 체계적인 연구는 아직 없는 실정이다. 이에 저자들은 한국산업안전공단 산업보건연구원과 공동으로 카드뮴 중독이 진단된 5예에 대한요검사, 혈액검사, 신장조직 검사, 골밀도검사, 폐기능 검사 등을 실시하여 결과를 보고한다. 요중 카드뮴 농도가 5예 모두 1회 이상 5 μg/g creatinine 이상으로 측정[1차 38.51±42.68(7.27-101.07) μg/g creatinine, 2차 10.70±7.16(3.88-21.05) μg/g creatinine]되어 카드뮴 중독으로 진단하였다. 요중 N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG)는 9.19±2.21(7.25-12.79)U/g creatinine[기준치 4.5U/g creatinine]로 증가되어 있었다. 요중 β2-microglobulin, Metallothionein(MT), 24시간요 단백량, 24시간요 칼슘량 모두 정상이었다. 요중 카드뮴 농도와 요중 NAG 배설량과는 양의 상관관계(r=0.912, p=0.031)를 보였다. 사구체 여과율은 109.8±8.9(96.5-118) mL/min로 정상이었다. 혈액 검사, 간기능검사, 신기능검사, 전해질 검사는 모두 정상이었다. 요검사에서 1예의 단백뇨 및 혈뇨(조직검사에서 IgA 신증으로 진단)를 제외하곤 모두정상 이었다. 병리조직검사에서는 전예 모두 간질의 경한 섬유화를 보였으나 염증세포의 침윤은 없었다. IgA 신증이 1예에서 동반되었다. 1예에서 골다공증 및 폐쇄성 폐질환이 동반되었다. Cadmium-containing compounds are widely used in the manufacturing of pigments, plastics, glass, metal alloys, and electrical equipment. Chronic low exposure of cadmium causes renal tubular dysfunction, emphysema, bronchial cancer, osteomalasia, multiple fracture or urethral stone. Occupations exposed to cadmium are increasing in industsralized country such as Korea, but there is a few systemic study on cadmium intoxication until nowadays. We studied the effects of cadmium on renal function, pulmonary function and bone mineral density in 5 workers exposed to cadmium. Cadmium in urine were increased [38.51±42.68 (7.27-101.07) μg/g creatinine(1 st exam), 0.70±7.16 (3.88-21.05) μg/g creatinine(2 nd exam)], respectively. Urine N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(NAG) excretion rates[9.19±2.21(7.25-12.79) U/g creatinine] were increased, but urinary β2-microglobulin(β2- MG), urinary methalothionein(MT) excretion, 24 hour urinary protein, calcium excretions were not increased. Cadmium in urine was correlated with urine NAG(r=0.912, p=0.031) but no relationship with others. Glomerular filtration rate were all within normal limits. Complete blood counts, liver function, renal function, electrolytes were all within normal limits. In urinalysis and sediment examination, 4 cases showed no abnormalities, but 1 case showed proteinuria(30 mg/dL) and hematuria with dysmorphic RBC dominance(This case was diagnosed accompanying IgA nephropathy). In pathologic examination, all biopsy specimens showed mild interstitial fibrosis without inflammatory cell infiltration. Osteoporosis and obstructive lung defect were diagnosed in one case. We found urinary NAG excretion were increased and mild interstitial fibrosis at biopsy specimen were seen in all cases. It is necessary to follow- up for detection of proteinuria and decrement of GFR in each patients.

하수관망 규모에 따른 단순화 SWMM에 대한 2차원 침수분석결과의 정확성 평가

이정환,강성규,육지문,문영일,Lee, Jung-Hwan,Kang, Seong-gyu,Yuk, Gi-Moon,Moon, Young-Il 한국수자원학회 2019 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.52 No.8

최근 발생하는 반복적인 홍수피해를 최소화하기 위한 실시간 도시홍수예보 연구에서는 정확한 유출, 침수결과를 나타내는 모형과 그 모형의 모의시간 단축이 중요한 핵심요소이다. 서울특별시를 비롯한 주요 도시지역의 하수관망은 그 개수는 많고 복잡하여 실시간 도시홍수예보에 적합하지 않아 강우-유출모형의 단순화를 진행한다. 하지만 하수관망의 단순화는 연구자의 주관과 단순화 방식에 따라 유출결과가 크게 달라질 수 있으며 2차원 침수분석에서는 그 차이가 더욱 크게 발생한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 하수관망의 개수 및 분포가 각각 다른 여러 도시지역의 하수관망을 일정 기준으로 단순화하고 2차원 침수분석을 통해 하수관망 규모에 따른 단순화 모형의 정확성을 평가하고자 한다. 하수관망의 단순화 분석은 서울시의 주요 상습침수구역인 신림, 관악, 도림천 유역을 대상으로 진행하였으며 구축한 SWMM에서 노드의 누가유역면적을 4가지 범위로 나누어 단순화를 위한 범위산정 기준으로 설정하였다. 이를 통해 산정된 단순화 모형의 침수결과는 실시간 도수홍수예보에 적합한 정확도 높은 유출모형 구축에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. Constructing a reliable runoff model and reducing model runtime are important in research of real-time urban flood forecasting to reduce the repetitive flood damage. Sewer networks in the major urban basin such as Seoul are vast and complex so that it is not suitable for real-time urban flood forecasting. Therefore, the rainfall-runoff model should be simplified. However, the runoff results due to the simplification of sewer networks can vary depending on the subjectivity and simplification method of the researcher and there is a significant difference especially in 2-D inundation analysis. In this study, the sewer networks in various urban basins with different numbers and distributions of sewer networks were simplified to certain criteria. The accuracy of the simplification model according to the sewer network scale is evaluated by 2-D inundation analysis. The runoff models of Gwanak, Sillim, and Dorimcheon, frequently inundated basins were simplified based on four simplification ranges due to the cumulative drainage area set as a criterion for calculating the simplification range. This study will be expected that the inundation result of simplification models estimated through the analysis can contribute to the construction of a reasonable and accurate runoff model suitable for real-time flood forecasting.

도시지역 하수관망 규모에 따른 적정 단순화의 범위 산정

이정환(Lee, Jung Hwan),강성규(Kang, Seong Gyu),육지문(Yuk, Gi Moon),문영일(Moon, Young Il) 대한토목학회 2018 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.10

물 중 일반세균 정량에 대한 배지법과 건조필름법의 상관관계

강주영 ( Ju Yeong Kang ),조아현 ( Ah Hyeon Jo ),박은지 ( Eun Ji Park ),이한철 ( Han Cheol Lee ),박민지 ( Min Ji Park ),한진섭 ( Jin Sub Han ),강성규 ( Seong Gyu Kang ),김중범 ( Jung Beom Kim ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2020 한국물환경학회지 Vol.36 No.2

The quantitative accuracy of dry rehydratable film method was compared with the standard culture method to analyze the applicability of dry rehydratable film in the total aerobic bacteria test for water. The materials used in this study were 500 cases of water and were tested according to the Korean official test method for drinking water. The mean value of the total aerobic bacteria in plate count agar(PCA) and MC-Media Pad AC(MAC) were 2.6 ± 1.1 Log cfu/mL and 2.6 ± 1.2 Log cfu/mL. The p value and correlation coefficient(R²) were 0.933 and 0.9985 between the PCA and MAC, respectively, indicating no significant difference and very high correlation. According to the water types, the p value and R² were 0.887 and 0.9911 in the PCA and MAC. In the purified water, the p value was 0.973 and R² was 0.9934 in the PCA and MAC of other water. In each type of water, there were no significant differences between the PCA and MAC, and the correlation was very high. Thus, it is suggested that the MAC would be available for total aerobic bacteria test for water.

Paint booth에서 누출되는 휘발성유기화합물의 분석 및 제어연구

김광석(Kim Gwang Seog),정진도(Jeong Jin Do),강성규(Kang Seong Gyu) 大韓環境工學會 2003 대한환경공학회지 Vol.25 No.10

스티렌의 유통,사용 실태조사

조형열 ( Hyung Yoel Cho ),조성현 ( Sung Hyun Cho ),김은아 ( Eun A Kim ),김병규 ( Byung Gyu Kim ),박승현 ( Seung Hyun Park ),강성규 ( Seong Kyu Kang ) 한국산업위생학회 2008 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The objective of the survey is to define and judge exposure profiles from semi-qualitative data in high risk processes using styrene. The survey was conducted in 98 factories out of 229 factories based on data from periodic work environment monitoring results for styrene. Styrene is widely utilized as a raw material for PS and co-polymers such as ABS, SAN, SBR, SBL, unsaturated polyester resins(UPR) and others. An approximate breakdown of styrene`s markets in Korea is PS 30%, expandable PS 17%, ABS 33%, SAN 5%, SBL 4%, SBR 3%, UPR 1% and other 7%. Although UPR accounts for 1% of total amount of styrene, workers dealing with it are exposed to very high concentrations up to 64 ppm. Especially styrene is widely used in the laminating process of fiberglass reinforced plastics(FRP) manufacturing industry. The Applications using styrene are largely classified into two sections which are applied to styrene monomer(SM) and UPR. SM is utilized for a raw material of resins, surfactant and adhesive. UPR is employed for FRP and non-FRP. For SM control targets are mixing colors and packing in the gelcoat resins manufacturing industry(MI), for UPR control targets out of works using UPR are 1) laminating in the MI of plastics, automobile parts and boats, 2) mixing and packing in the SMC/BMC MI, 3) molding and cutting in the other specific plastics MI, 4) mixing and coating in artificial marble product MI, 5) dipping in the electric motors & transformers MI, 6) molding in the button MI, 7) painting in the musical instrument MI. Findings from the study have given the information for the high risk processes and working practices so that occupational health professionals could focus on targeted workplaces to prevent occupational diseases. It is also useful to develop a control strategies and specific controls for high risk processes and facilities using styrene.

트리클로로에틸렌의 유통,사용 실태조사 결과

조형열 ( Hyung Yoel Cho ),조성현 ( Sung Hyun Cho ),유장진 ( Jang Jin Ryoo ),김병규 ( Byung Gyu Kim ),박승현 ( Seung Hyun Park ),강성규 ( Seong Kyu Kang ) 한국산업위생학회 2007 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.17 No.3

Trichloroethylene(TCE) is widely used as a degreasing solvent in workplaces. TCE is primarily toxic to the nervous system, however, systemic disorder like Stevens-Johnson syndrome has been recently reported in small-scale factories, where the government has had limited information of chemical use. A survey was performed to investigate the actual condition of using TCE and to provide practical information to occupational health service agencies and professionals. This survey was carried out on 103 factories out of 430 factories which were conducted periodic work environment measurement for TCE. Degreasing was the most popular reason for using TCE in Korea, which reached to 94%. TCE was also used as a solvent for rubber in the coating or molding process, and adhesives in the bonding process. Metal fabrication was the most common as 23%, followed by assembling automobile parts (17%), and machinery (12%). Workers exposed to TCE during full-shift were 52% while 48% were exposed during short period of the shift or intermittently. Manual or semiautomatic work occupied 87% while automatic work was just 13%. Though automatic work by a closed system was generally lower exposed to TCE, compared to manual work, it can cause a high exposure when the maintenance system is improper. Semi-automatic work especially like open-top degreasing process can cause a high exposure when local exhaust system with condensing and refrigerating coils in the degreaser does not work well. In conclusion, the survey showed nationwide status of TCE exposure in various aspects. It can be used to monitor workplaces and workers exposed to TCE to prevent occupational diseases.

開業專門醫의 專門科目以外의 診療에 對한 實態調査

姜星圭,朴鍾文,金永會,李仁培,睦遇均 全北大學校 學徒護國團 1981 全國大學生學術硏究發表論文集 Vol.6 No.-

A survey was got from analysing the actualities of the treatment of the other special department by practising specialists, from 1 May to 31 July 1981. The subjects were chosen randomly, 887 practising specialists, registrated in Korean Medical Association. The following results were obtained: 1. Out of the respondents, comparative percentage of the specialists who treated patient of the other special department seemed 49.5%. This rate was higher in the province than in the urban region. 2. In the treatment of the otehr special department, 53.9% of the respondents treated only related departments. We can see the more departments were treated in the provincial region. 3. General surgeons practised at the higher rate of local clinical opening on the province (44.4%) in comparison with the urban region and the most of the other specialists were in practise in the urban region. 4. In the local clinics of general surgery, the treatment of the other special department were served at the rate of 51.0% and the kind of the dealing departments was relatively variable. 5. Major reasons of the treatment of the other special department were the request of patients and their guardians(36.5%) and reagional conditions(18.4%). 6. In the attitude to the treatment of the patient of other special department, comparative percentage of the responses that specialists could treat any patients case by case was 63.2%. 7. 49.3% of the respondents was against the fact that the treatment of the other special department could give the good medical service. There were the positive responses in the province in contrast to the urban region. 8. In order to enrich the treatment of special department, the following needs to be done; A establishment of the medical delivery system(44.2%), a raise of the charge of the medical treatment(26.0%).

소백산맥 동쪽과 서쪽사면에서의 대설특성연구

강성규,우홍체 대구대학교 정보통신연구소 2003 情報通信硏究 Vol.1 No.2

기압패턴에 따라 소백산맥에서 대설의 분포 특성이 결정된다. 이 지역에서 대부분의 대설은 서고동저와 북도남저형의 기압패턴 하에서 나타난다. 서고동저형에서는 동서사면의 대설은 바람의 수직 및 수평 분포에 따라 결정된다. 하지만 북고남저형에서는 기압이 1000 hPa와 925 hPa 사이에 있을 때, 대기와 기온의 모양에 따라 결정된다. SSI, LI, SWEAT, TTI, 혼합기층의 잠재 기온은 대설과 관련성이 밝혀졌다. Depending on the surface pressure patterns, the distribution of heavy snowfalls in the Sobak mountain range are determined. Most of heavy snowfalls in the area are occurred under specific pressure patterns such as West-High-East-Low type and North-High-South-Low type. Under West-High and East-Low pressure type, heavy snowfall occurrences at the east and west regions depend on horizontal and vertical distribution of wind fields, while it does vertical profile of air temperature, 1000 hPa and 925 hPa wind fields under North-High and South-Low pressure type. The various index, such as Showater stability index(SSI), lifted indcx(LI), SWEAT index, total totals index(TTI) and mean mixed layer potential temperature are related to heavy snowfalls.