J 정수장의 하절기 THMs 생성현황과 분말활성탄 처리에 의한 저감효과

황갑수,이장훈,Hwang, Gap-Soo,Lee, Jang-Hoon 한국환경보건학회 1999 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.25 No.3

This study was conducted to survey trihalomethane(THMs) levels in finished water of J water treatment plant and examine its reduction by powder activated carbon(PAC) treatment. Samples were collected weekly based and head-space technique was employed to determine THMs levels by G.C-ECD. THMs levels in finished waters were highest in August and showed close relationship with water temperature. All the samples satisfied the drinking water limit(100 ${\mu}$g/l) for THMs. The individual formation rates of THMs were 64.8% for CHCl$_3$, 28.4% for CHCl$_2$BR, 6.5% for CHClBr$_2$ and 0.3% for CHBr$_3$, respectively and showed little monthly difference. The reduction efficiency of THMs formation by PAC treatment was 67% during July and August. Bromine substituents were more efficiently reduced than CHCl$_3$ by PAC.

생전예수의문의 차별성에 관한 고찰 - 봉은사 예수의문과 삼화사 수륙의문을 중심으로-

황갑수 불교의례문화 연구소 2021 무형문화연구 Vol.0 No.5

This study proposes two approaches to reveal the difference between yesujae and Suryukjae. The first reveals the difference in the purpose and meaning of the service through the origin and symbol of the person, and the second examines the relationship between the object and the ceremonial structure, the central ceremonial and the surrounding ceremonies to understand the difference between the yesujae courtesy of Bongeunsa Temple and the Suryukcourtesy of Samhwasa Temple. In the case of Suryukjae, the salvation of Anan's Yeomgumaw is expanded to the salvation of the living beings of the Sasaengyukdo. In addition, it is expressed as the practice of altruism, which achieves merit through repentance and dedication in the petition for relief for the Empress of the Emperor Yang Wu, and returns to the sentient beings in the legal world. The yesujae reveals the merits of the ritual of reversal through the experience of the list of soldiers. This instructs the magistrate to reflect on the wrong life and take the right path of precept and charity. The King of sickness and death and Mujae Yang are the figures who symbolize the strong deeds in the two ceremonies, and the magistrates have the effect of being identified with their merits through the rites. For the question of Jesu, the object of the list in the inscription list is emphasized, and petitions and donations are made. In addition, the ceremony is centered mainly on the achievement of merits and deeds of magistrates, such as the ceremonies of giving back the sutras and the Myeongganjijeon (冥間之錢) at the bottom. 본 연구는 예수재와 수륙재의 차이를 드러내기 위하여 두 가지 접근법을 제시한다. 첫째는 유래와 인물의 상징을 통하여 봉행 목적과 의미 차이를 드러내며, 둘째는봉은사 예수의문과 삼화사 수륙의문의 차이를 알기위해 대상과 의례 구조, 중심 의례와 주변 의례의 역할 관계를 파악한다. 수륙재는 아난의 염구아귀의 구원이 사생육도의 중생의 구제로 확대된다. 또한, 양무제의 황후를 위한 구제의 발원에서 참회와 헌공을 통해 공덕을 성취하여 법계중생에게 회향하는 이타행의 실천으로 표현된다. 예수재는 병사왕의 명부체험을 통해 역수(逆修) 의례의 공덕을 드러낸다. 이는 봉행 재자로 하여금 그릇된 삶을 성찰하게 하여 올바른 계행과 보시행의 길을 가도록 제시한다. 병사왕과 양무재는 두 의례에서 두터운 신행을 상징하는 인물이며 봉행 재자들은 의례로 인해 그들의 공덕과 동일시되는 효과를 지닌다. 예수의문은 명간목록의 명부 대상이 중시되어 소청과 헌공이 이루어진다. 또한,하단의 명간지전(冥間之錢)과 경전의 환납 의식이 부각되는 등 주로 봉행 재자의 공덕 성취에 의례의 중심이 있다. 수륙의문은 사생육도 일체중생의 고통을 구제하는 하단의례가 중시된다. 이를위해 먼저 성위와 일체 중단 대상을 소청하고 헌공함으로써 하단 대상의 제도를 위한 공덕의 기반을 마련한다. 먼저, 대령과 시련 등이 사전의식으로 배치되고 하단의본 의식에서는 24청사로 이루어진 소청영혼, 관욕, 시식, 수계, 송경 등의 장대한 하부의례를 갖추어 설행된다. 예수재는 신앙회복을 통한 자리(自利)의 공덕행이, 수륙재는 법계 중생을 향한 이타(利他)의 실천행이 특히 강조되고 있다.

물벼룩을 이용한 bisphenol A의 급성독성 평가

황갑수,Hwang, Gab-Soo 한국환경보건학회 2007 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.33 No.5

Aquatic ecotoxicity of bisphenol A, a well-known endocrine disrupter in mammals, was studied using laboratory-reared Daphnia magna as a test organism. The static acute 48 h $EC_{50}$ of bisphenol A for daphnid neonates(<24 hold) was 12.9 mg/l and 110 h $LC_{50}$ values of bisphenol A for daphnid embryos of different ages after deposition into the brood chamber increase with ages in the range of 1.55 mg/l-8.91 mg/l. Also, 48 h $EC_{50}s$ generally increase with daphnid's ages in the range of 12.9 mg/l-19.8 mg/l. In the acute toxicity tests using mature daphnids, the lethal response and immobility all showed good concentration-response relationship with exposure concentration and exposure time, showing little difference between lethality and immobility. These results clarify that acute toxicity tests, using daphnid and its embryo, could also be useful tools easily available for the assessment of ecotoxicity of various harmful chemicals.

Japanese medaka에 있어 Quercetin의 난자성숙 저해에 대한 조직병리학적 연구 : Oryzias latipes

황갑수 한국환경독성학회 1999 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Endocrine disrupting chemicals probably cause the cytological or/and morphological changes of germinal cells in gonad. Accordingly, this study was aimed to make sure that the effect of hormone-mimicking chemicals on gonad morphology such as decrease of germinal cells, inhibition of cellular maturation and change in the ratio of germinal cells in the different developmental phase can be observed by histopathological procedures and can be a useful bio-indicator for the evaluation of endocrine disruption by environmental chemicals. In this experiment, female Japanese medaka were exposured to quercetin, a phytoestrogen, at the concentration of l00μg/h, quercetin showed the significant decrease in the number and rate of vitellogenic follicular oocytes in the treated group for 4 and 6 weeks. The weak development of yolk could be also observed. We could conclude that quercetin has anti-estrogenic or androgen-like potency by exerting the inhibition effect on oogenesis in fish female- gonad. From the result of this study, the applied methods and techniques can be evaluated to be a useful biomonitoring means for water pollution, expecting a good result of the subsequent study on apoptosis.

어류 Metallothionein의 특성 및 수질오염 평가를 위한 생물모니터링에의 응용

황갑수 한국환경독성학회 1997 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.12 No.2

This experiment was performed to examine the immuno-reactive characteristics of fish metal-binding protein, metallothionein (MT), and gain the practical understandings for the proposed use of fish MT as a biomarker. Liver MT induced by Cd in the silver carp was seperated and purified by gel filtration chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. The immuno-reactivity of fish MT was examined with 3 rabbit antisera. Fish MT showed little reactivity with rabbit anti-rat MT antiserum and a weak reactivity with anti-MT peptide antiserum while showed a strong reactivity with rabbit anti-fish MT antiserum. The time-course change of liver MT in the silver carp, after waterborne exposure to 1 ppm of Cd, was checked by Cd-hem method and established competitive ELISA. In both cases, the induction of liver MT showed a good increasing relationship with the exposure days. The results indicate that the fish MT can be developed as a useful biomonitoring means in the toxicological study and for the evaluation of water pollution.

현행 수산업법상의 어업권 피해보상 산출의 문제점 및 개선방안

黃甲洙 한국토지보상법연구회 2004 土地補償法硏究 Vol.4 No.-

군산지역 음용지하수 트리할로메탄(THMs) 생성에 관한 연구

황갑수 한국환경보건학회 2000 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.26 No.4

This study was carried out to survey trihalomethane formation potential(THMFP) levels in drinking underground water and to examine its characteristics in Kunsan area. In drinking underground water, THMFP increased with the lapse of reaction time and 96hr-THMFP was the highest of THMFPs examined. In many cases, 24hr-THMFP, 48hr-THMFP and 96hr-THMFP reflected 2hr-THMFP level due to the largest composition ratio of CHCl$_3$ decreased with the lapse of reaction of CHCl$_3$ among THM individuals. CHCl$_3$ was mostly formed within early 2hour of reaction time, but CHClBr$_2$ and CHBr$_3$ continued their formation until 48 hour. Accordingly, the composition ratio of CHCl$_3$ decreased with the lapse of reaction time while that of total Br derivatives increased. 96hr-THMFPs of drinking underground water in Kunsan area ranged from N.D.(not detected)~98.80 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$\ell$ and, in general, those of western section of Kunsan area, closer to the coast, showed the higher tendency. But, from their large range of variance, it could be considered that THMFPs differ individually even in the same section depending on such factors as the difference of water stream, circumstances of management and so on. All the parameters for water quality examined(pH, KMnO$_4$ consumption;UV$_{254}$ , TOC. Cl$^{[-10]}$ ) showed very week corelation with 96h-THMFP.

어류 Metallothionein에 대한 특이적 면역 효소 측정법의 확립에 관한 연구

황갑수 한국환경독성학회 1996 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this experiment is to estabilish the sensitive and specific ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) system for the detection of fish metallothionein (MT). Silver carp were injected with Cd of 1~8 mg/kg body wt. 4 times during 10 days. Silver carp was very tolerant species to Cd. Cd induced MT in liver was seperated and purified by gel filtration chromatography and ion exchange chromatography and identified by spectrophotometry, native gel electrophoresis and western blot analysis. The rabbit antiserum was produced by immunizing rabbit with lyophilized MT, and the competitive ELISA system was estabilished for the detection of fish MT. In the present ELISA system, the detection limit was about 33 ng/ml. When this ELISA system was employed to determine the MT level in the supernatant sample of fish liver homogenate, the reaction curve showed a good parallel corelationship with the calibration curve over a certain dilution range. The results indicate that the competitive ELISA can be a useful tool for the detection of fish MT in the toxicological study and the evaluation of water pollution.

어류 Metallothionein의 툭성 및 수질오염 평가를 위한 생물모니터링에의 응용

황갑수 환경독성보건학회 1997 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.12 No.3

This experiment was performed to examine the immuno-reactive characteristics of fish metal-binding protein, metallothionein (MT), and gain the practical understandings for the proposed use of fish MT as a biomarker. Liver MT induced by Cd in the silver carp was seperated and purified by gel filtration chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. The immuno-reactivity of fish MT was examined with 3 rabbit antisera. Fish MT showed little reactivity with rabbit anti-rat MT antiserum and a weak reactivity with anti-MT peptide antiserum while showed a strong reactivity with rabbit anti-fish MT antiserum. The time-course change of liver MT in the silver carp, after waterborne exposure to 1 ppm of Cd, was checked by Cd-hem method and established competitive ELISA. In both cases, the induction of liver MT showed a good increasing relationship with the exposure days. The results indicate that the fish MT can be developed as a useful biomonitoring means in the toxicological study and for the evaluation of water pollution.

어업손실 보상에 있어서「수산업법」과 「공익사업을 위한 토지 등의 취득 및 보상에 관한 법률」과의 관계

황갑수 한국토지보상법연구회 2014 土地補償法硏究 Vol.14 No.-