반려동물용품 온라인 쇼핑몰에 대한 재이용의도 및 구전의도 연구 : 중국소비자 중심으로

조한기,류미현 한국생활과학회 2024 한국생활과학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Due to the demand, supply, and capital of the companion animal industry, the companion animal economy in China is rapidly growing. Also, interest in companion animals is soaring due to the decrease in marriage rate and the surge in single-person households and the elderly population in China. Therefore, research on Chinese companion animal products in online shopping malls is necessary. The main research results of this study were: first, the higher the product quality, convenience, and information, which are the selection attributes of the companion animal product online shopping mall, the higher the trust. In addition, the higher the practical value and purchasing experience, the higher the trust. Second, the higher the trust in the companion animal product online shopping mall, the higher the intention to reuse and positive word of mouth

中国 自動車部品産業의 對日比較優位 分析

한기조,서봉교 한국일본근대학회 2014 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.43

본고는 2002년에서 2012년까지 중국과 일본 자동차부품산업의 무역 구조를 분석했다. 일본과의 무역에서 중국 자동차부품산업의 경쟁력은 지난 10년간 세계시장에서 빠른 수출 증가와 더불어 개선되어 왔지만, 중국은 여전히 다음과 같은 이유로 인해 자동차부품산업에서 일본에 대해 비교열위에 놓여 있다. 첫째, 경쟁력이 개선된 일부 품목은 저부가가치 품목이며, 중국은 고부가가치 품목을 포함한 대부분의 자동차부품 수입을 일본에 과도하게 의존하고 있다. 둘째, 대 일본 수입에서 일부 소수 품목의 수입집중도가 너무 높다. 마지막으로, 중국은 비정상적으로 일본에 경쟁력열위의 자동차부품을 수출하고 있다는 것이다. 따라서 중국은 자동차부품 산업의 경쟁력을 확보하기 위해서는 위와 같은 약점을 극복해야 할 것으로 판단된다. This paper has analysed the trade structure of China auto parts industry with Japan during the period of 2002-2012. The results show that the Competitiveness of China auto parts industry in trade with Japan has been improved slowly as the fast-growing export in the world market over the past decade. However, China still has comparative disadvantage to Japan in auto parts industry because of the following reasons. First, some of items that has gained the competitiveness are low value-added items, and China excessively rely on Japan in the import of most auto part including high value-added items. Second, it is too high for some items’ import concentration ratio of auto parts in import from Japan. Finally, China has been unusually exported auto part items of weak competitiveness to Japan. Therefore, China auto parts industry must overcome these weaknesses to gain the competitiveness advantage.

中日鉄鋼産業における質的貿易競争力の分析

한기조 한국일본근대학회 2018 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.59

This paper examines the qualitative trade competitiveness by based on an intra-industry trade including general trade competitiveness in the Chinese steel industry in trade with Japan during the period of 2000-2014. First, Chinese steel industry appears to be weak such as steel plates, bar & section steels, steel materials, etc except competitive ‘other steel products’ in trade with Japan. Especially, it shows that competitiveness of steel materials appears to be weak. However, despite the fact that the competitiveness toward Japan is weak, it is certain that all other items except steel materials are tend to improve. Second, Other steel products and bar & section steels have still maintained the comparative advantage, except for steel materials and steel plates placed on the comparative disadvantage. Third, As an intra-industry trade is analyzed in order to evaluate the qualitative trade competitiveness in trade with Japan, China has done a horizontal intra-industry trade mainly in steel materials’ trade with Japan, and since a VIITL has been decreased but a VIITH has been expanded, the qualitative trade competitiveness has been improved in steel materials. It has been exported not only low quality items, but also high quality products in steel plates’ trade, and since a VIITL has been decreased but a HIIT has been expanded, the qualitative competitiveness has been improved in steel plates. And bar & section steels and other steel products were found to have a very high proportion of a low quality items in export to Japan, and there was no improvement in the qualitative competitiveness. 本稿は、中国鉄鋼産業の日本との貿易において質的な競争力の変化をみるために、2000年から2014年までを研究期間として一般的な貿易競争力の分析と伴って産業内貿易の分析を行った。分析の結果を纏めると次のようになる。第一に、中国鉄鋼産業は日本との貿易において競争力の強いその他鉄鋼製品を除いて板類、棒形鋼、素材類など競争力が弱いと測定された。特に素材類の競争力が弱いと算出された。しかし日本に対する競争力が弱いというものの、素材類を除いてほかの品目はすべてそのほどが改善の傾向にあるのは確である。第二に、比較劣位に置かれている素材類と板類を除いてその他鉄鋼製品と棒形鋼類は依然として比較優位を維持している。第三に、日本との貿易における質的な貿易競争力をみるために、産業内貿易の分析を行ったが、素材類は主に水平的産業内貿易が行われ、VIITLが縮小しVIIThが拡大したので質的貿易競争力が改善された。板類は優位品質の輸出が多く行われ、またVIITLが縮小しHIITが拡大したので質的貿易競争力が改善された。棒形鋼類とその他鉄鋼製品は劣位品質の貿易比重が高く、質的な競争力の改善も見られなかった。

韓国鉄鋼産業の対日競争力分析

한기조,이홍배 한일경상학회 2009 韓日經商論集 Vol.42 No.-

This paper examines Korean steel industry's intra-industry trade(IIT) by disentangling vertical from horizontal IIT, and analyzes the determinants of both IIT types in trade with Japan during the period of 1991-2006. Korean steel industry's IIT with Japan has decreased from 1991 to 2006. This is because the competitiveness of Korean steel industry has weakened relatively. However, vertical intra-industry trade(VIIT) has increased faster than horizontal intra-industry trade(HIIT). especially its high quality VIIT, which has increased faster than low quality VIIT, implying that Korean steel industry's product quality has improved over time. and Korea's high quality VIIT is lager in trade with Japan. And the regression results show that the scale of economies have a positive effect on IIT, and the reduction of trade barriers have a positive effect on HIIT and a negative effect on VIIT. Hence, three strategies for improving competitiveness in korea's steel industry and helping it catch up Japanese steel industry are as follows: The first strategy is solving the disproportion among the production processes and increasing efficiency in production through structural reform like as M&As between firms. The second is developing new technology in production process and more high value-added products. Finally the third is scaling up the size of steel-distribution industry and improving its service.

일본 ODA와 종합상사의 역할

한기조 한국일본근대학회 2015 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.49

일본 ODA는 정치 및 외교적 목적으로도 개발도상국에 공여하였으나 실제적으로 경제적인 국익을 중시하여 공여해 왔다. 또한 일본은 일본기업의 수출 및 수입, 해외진출 등과 연계하여 ODA를 개발도상국에 공여해 왔다. ODA 주관자로서 1부12성청이 ODA에 관여하고 있으며, 외무성이 관계부처와 긴밀한 협조 하에 원조정책을 기획·입안하고 정책을 조정한다. 국제협력기구(JICA)가 실제적으로 기술협력, 유상자금협력, 무상자금협력 등 종합적인 원조실시기관의 역할을 담당하고 있다. 그러나 일본의 ODA 역사에서 실질적으로 일본의 종합상사가 ODA안건을 조사발굴하고 제안하고 추진하는 중요한 역할을 담당해왔다. 그러나 이와 관련된 연구가 전무한 상태이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 일본 ODA의 실시과정에서 일본종합 상사의 역할과 기여에 대해 검토하여 한국에 대한 시사점을 도출하고 있다. The government of Japan has been provided to developing countries the ODA funds in the political and diplomatic purposes, but has actually been granted for its economic purposes. The government of Japan has been donating the ODA funds to developing countries by linking imports, exports and overseas direct investments of Japanese firms. One cabinet office, 12 ministries and agencies are involved in ODA as a organizer of ODA. Ministry of Foreign Affairs organize and adjust the ODA policy in close cooperation with relevant ministries and agencies. The Japan International Cooperation Agency(JICA) is responsible for its role as overall ODA’s implementing agency like as JICA actually provides bilateral aid in the form of Technical Cooperation, ODA Loans and Grant Aid. However substantially Sogo shosha(general trading firm) dig out ODA projects to propose to the government and has played a most important role in promoting ODA projects in the history of the Japanese ODA. But We can not find the study of the role and contribution of Sogo shosha associated with the conduct of the Japanese ODA. Therefore, in this paper we analyze the role of Sogo shosha in order to derive political suggest points for South Korea in the implementation process of the Japanese ODA.

中国自動車部品産業の対日質的貿易競争力の研究

韓基早,金玲槿 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.63

This study analyze and compare the qualitative trade competitiveness of China with Japan relative to the auto parts industry from 2000 to 2015. The results and findings are as follows. First, China has continued to show a trade deficit with Japan in the auto parts industry, but it has been significantly reduced since peaking in 2010. Second, while it was confirmed that the engine and its parts were comparatively inferior to the Japanese, the chassis and the body were switched into comparative advantage over the comparative disadvantage. In addition, the competitiveness of parts and accessories for automobile have been improved over the study period since 2010. Finally, on the basis of trade value, the qualitative analysis of trade competitiveness shows that the qualitative trade competitiveness of the Chinese auto parts industry has not been improved significantly. VIITH’s proportion in IIT (total intra-industry trade) has greatly increased, but VIITH’s proportion is still smaller than VIITL and HIIT, VIITL is slightly increased, and HIIT’s propotion is greatly reduced. However, on the basis of the number of items, it can be considered that the qualitative trade competitiveness of China’s auto parts industry has greatly improved, since the proportion of VIITH in IIT has slightly increased, but it is still much smaller than that of VIITL and HIIT, and the proportion of VIITL has greatly decreased and the proportion of HIIT has greatly expanded, In other words, China mainly exports low quality and competitive items to Japan, but it shows that it exports more competitive items than low quality items in the automobile parts industry.

韓中日 化粧品産業의 比較優位 分析

한기조 한국일본근대학회 2010 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.29

本稿では韓中日化粧品産業の競爭力を分析した。韓國化粧品産業は世界市場において比較劣位に置かれているが、その程度は改善しつつある。また世界市場で日本および中國との競爭が激しくなている。そして韓國化粧品産業は輸出入總額だけをみると、日中の間に挾まれたナット·クラッカ―狀態といえるが、中國および日本の市場に對してはだいたい比較劣位に置かれており、また動態的にもその程度が惡化している。こういった硏究結果を鑑み、化粧品産業の競爭力を高める爲には、化粧品産業は高付加價値、文化と技術の集約された先端總合科學を要する環境に優しい産業としてこれからも成長可能性が大きい産業であることを認識し、政府の支援、企業の努力と消費者の消費態度の變化が求められる。

韓国自動車部品産業の質的貿易競争力の研究 - 日本との貿易を中心に-

한기조,김영근 한일경상학회 2018 韓日經商論集 Vol.80 No.-

This study analyze the qualitative trade competitiveness of Korea to Japan in auto parts industry for the years, 2000-2015. The results and findings are as follows. First, the trade competitiveness of Korea was lower than Japan in engine, body, and chassis for the periods. While there were many of lower competitive items in parts and accessories, the number of items were getting decreased after year 2005. In spite of the consistent trade deficit to Japan in this industry, the trade competitiveness of Korea had shown the continuous improvement, relatively to other industries. Second, this qualitative analysis of trade competitiveness shows that both proportions of HIIT and VIITH were not so big in analysis of IIT based on the trade amount and the number of trade items for the periods. This result implies that Korea had mainly exported low quality items to, and imported high quality items from Japan. However, since VIITL has been shrinking but VIITH has been increasing, it shows that the qualitative trade competitiveness has been improving little by little in this industry. Finally, it was found that the Korean auto parts industry has a huge trade deficit to Japan, the concentration in exports and imports is high, and particularly high in imports. That is, it shows a serious bias of gear boxes, engine and engine parts in import. Also, Korea had mainly exported low quality items and imported high quality items. Therefore, the efforts to address the abnormal biased trade structure of some items in trade with Japan, and the government supports for improving the quality of gearbox, engine and engine parts are required. In addition, government-level support for quality improvement and the improvement of qualitative trade competitiveness through continuous R&D and diversification of export and export markets would be very helpful to solve those problems.

선진국과 저소득국 사이의 수출입 바기닝 파워 - 1980년 및 1990년을 중심으로

한기조(Han Ki Jo) 한국사회경제학회 2007 사회경제평론 Vol.- No.28

  본 연구의 목적은 소니와 디 피에트로의 모델을 이용하여 선진국과 저소득국의 수출입 바기닝 파워를 산출하는 것에 의해 프레비시가 제기한 저소득국의 교역조건의 장기적 악화 가설을 검증하는 데에 있다. 소니와 디 피에트로의 모델에 의해 산출한 저소득국의 바기닝 파워 값은 과대 산출된다는 한계성이 있기는 하나, 산출한 1974년도, 1980년도 및 1990년도의 선진국 및 저소득국의 바기닝 파워 값은 프레비시 가설을 지지하고 있다. 또한 선진국은 수출입시장에서 수출입 바기닝 파워의 결정자로서 독점적인 우위를 점하고 있다는 사실도 도출되었다. 바로 그러한 선진국의 독점적 우위가 수출 및 수입에서 저소득국의 판매력 및 구매력에 지대한 영향력을 미치고 있으며 결과적으로 교역조건에 영향을 미친다고 하겠다.   The purpose of this paper is to examine the secular deterioration hypothesis with respect to the terms of trade for underdeveloped countries by using the model of Sahwney and Di Pietro in terms of the importing and exporting bargaining power. Although, in general, it is known that the model is likely to overestimate the value of the bargaining power of those countries, the value in years of 1974, 1980 and 1990 we calculated with data of those years supports the Prebisch hypothesis<BR>  It is also verified that developed countries have been occupying monopolistic domination as a bargaining power determiner in the import and export market. The study concludes that such monopolistic domination of the developed countries has correctly exerted a large influence on the bargaining power and the Terms of Trade of underdeveloped countries in international trade.

国IT産業の日本に対する質的貿易競争力の研究

한기조,張天笑 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.66

This study analyze and compare the qualitative trade competitiveness of China with Japan relative to the Information Technology(IT) Industry from 2007 to 2017. The results and findings are as follows. First, China has continued to show a trade deficit with Japan except for information apparatus and communication apparatus in the Information and Communications Technologies Industry. Second, according to a general comparative advantage analysis, the IT industry has remained relatively inferior in trade with Japan. In particular, items in broadcasting apparatus and parts, namely equipment for the manufacture of flat panel displays, semiconductors, electron tubes, flat display and sensors, have been relatively inferior and have deteriorated. And the computers of the information devices were competitive, the cable communication apparatus has remained superior, and the wireless communication apparatus shifted from competitive to comparative advantage. Finally, analysis of qualitative trade competitiveness. First of all, according to the analysis by the import and export structures of superior and inferior quality, during the study period, China has mainly exported low-quality items to Japan, but it was found that exports of competitive and high-quality items have also increased in IT industry. Next, the analysis results by the product quality index show that the Chinese IT items exported to Japan have only slightly improved quality. However, analysis results by HS 6-digits classification show that the quality of computer of information apparatus, communication apparatus, electro mechanical components of broadcasting apparatus, equipment for the manufacture of flat pannel displays, electrontubes, flat display and sensors has been improved, and the quality has been significantly deteriorated in passive components of broadcasting apparatus and semiconductors. 本稿では中国の主な輸出入国の一つである日本を選定して2007-17年間を研究期間と設定し、中国IT産業の一般的な貿易競争力および質的な貿易競争力の変化を分析した。その結果をまとめると以下のようになる。 第一に、中国IT産業は2007-17年間日本との貿易において輸出の規模が大きいなのは半導体、無線通信機器であるが、半導体では大きな赤字を出し、無線通信機器だけが黒字を出してきた。そしてほかのものでもすべて大幅な赤字を出してきたが、赤字は縮小傾向にある。。 第二に、一般的な比較優位の分析であるが、日本との貿易においては依然として比較劣位に置かれてきた。特に放送機器と部品、すなわち平板ディスプレイ製造用装備、半導体、電子管、そして平板ディスプレイ及びセンサーにおける品目が比較劣位におかれ、そのほども悪化してきた。そして情報機器のコンピューターは競合的で、有線通信機器は依然として優位を保ち、無線通信機器は競合的な状態から比較優位に転じた。 最後に、質的な貿易競争力の分析であるが、まず、優・劣位品質の品目数でみた結果、日本との貿易においては依然として劣位品質のものを半分以上を輸出してきたとはいえ、かなりの優位品質のものと競争的な品質のものが日本に輸出されてきたことが明らかになった。次に、品質指数で分析した結果、IT産業の日本との貿易においてごく僅かしか品質の改善が行われて来なかった。だが、小分類でみると、コンピューター、通信機器、放送機器の器具部品、平板ディスプレイ製造用装備、電子管、平板ディスプレイ及びセンサーの品質は改善されてきた。但し放送機器の手動部品と半導体においては大きく品質の悪化が進行されてきたことが明らかとなった。