영남문집해제 : 난곡집

김강한 영남대학교 민족문화연구소 1988 민족문화연구소 자료총서 Vol.4 No.-

1980년대로부터의 질문, 그리고 2000년대 이후 : 한국의 ‘두렁’과 프랑스의 스쾃 ‘아르 크로쉬,’ 그리고 ‘오아시스 프로젝트’

김강,김동일 한국미술이론학회 2015 미술이론과 현장 Vol.0 No.19

한국과 프랑스에서 새로운 예술운동이 태동하던 1980년대에 활동했던 한국의 두렁과 프랑스의 아르 크로쉬는 예술의 발생과 소통의 장소가 기존의 예술제 도와는 다른 점을 보여준다. 이 상이한 지점이 새로운 예술의 가능성을 내포 하고 있었으며, 그것들은 2000년대 이후 양국의 제도예술현장에서도 더러 발 견되어지고 있다. 따라서 예술 그 자체를 고정된 형식과 내용을 바라보지 않 고 그 범주와 존재방식에 대해 문제제기했던 두 집단의 노력은 후대의 예술 가들에게 예술개념 자체에 대한 도전적 질문으로서 많은 영감을 주고 있다. 본 논문은 80년대 한국과 유럽에서 대두된 새로운 예술운동이 2000년대 이후 한국의 예술현장과 어떠한 연관성을 맺고 있는 가를 한국의 ‘두렁’, 프랑스의 예술스쾃 ‘아르 크로쉬’를 비교분석하면서, 2000년대 이후 등장한 오아시스프 로젝트의 사례를 통해 고찰하고자 한다. 이는 예술 그 자체를 혁명적으로 변 화시키고자 했었던 양국의 예술가들에 의한 운동이 현재는 어떠한 모습으로 예술계와 사회에 현현하고 있는지를 살펴보는 노정이 될 것이다. Dureung in Korea and Art Cloche in France, art movements in the 1980s, were engendered and practiced as an antithesis to conventional art. They exhibited new directions for art that represented a stark departure from Western modernist aesthetics; their influences are palpable in the art scenes of the 2000s in Korea and Europe. The artists of Dureung and Art Cloche posed ontological questions regarding art per se rather than conforming to the established frame of art and, by doing so, inspired the artists who followed them in a profound way. This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of Dureung and Art Cloche, and investigates how these revolutionary art movements of the 1980s have influenced artists in the 2000s in Korea. The Oasis project will be examined as a reference so as to illustrate the embodiment of the ideas of Dureung and Art Cloche in present day art works.

Clinical Characteristics of Oral Allergy Syndrome in Children with Atopic Dermatitis and Birch Sensitization: a Single Center Study

김강인,이보미,민택기,이정호,편복양,전유훈 대한의학회 2019 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.34 No.2

Background: Oral allergy syndrome (OAS) is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity that occurs frequently in older children with pollen sensitization. This study focused on the clinical characteristics of OAS in children with atopic dermatitis (AD) and birch sensitization. Method: s: A total of 186 patients aged 2–18 years with AD and birch sensitization were enrolled in this study between January 2016 and March 2017. Their levels of serum total IgE and birch- and ragweed-specific IgE (sIgE) were measured using ImmunoCAP (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Uppsala, Sweden). Information regarding causative foods and symptoms were obtained via interviews. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to their ages (group 1, 2–6 years; group 2, 7–12 years; and group 3, 13–18 years). Results: Eighty-one of the 186 (43.5%) children with AD who were sensitized to birch pollen were diagnosed as having OAS. The prevalence of OAS in group 1 (the children who had AD and birch sensitization aged 2–6 years) was 36.6%. A greater predominance of men was noted in the non-OAS group (77.1%) compared to the OAS group (60.5%). Apples were the most common causative food in group 2 and 3 while kiwis were the most common cause of OAS in group 1. There was a statistically significant correlation between birch-sIgE levels and the prevalence of OAS (P = 0.000). The cut-off value was 6.77 kUA/L with 55.6% sensitivity and 79.0% specificity (area under the curve 0.653). Conclusion: In our study, the prevalence of OAS in children with AD and birch sensitization was 43.5%. Even in the preschool age group, the prevalence of OAS was considerable. Patients with high levels of birch-sIgE were more likely to have OAS. Clinicians should therefore be vigilant about OAS in patients with a high degree of sensitization to birch pollen and even young children if they have birch sensitization.

Anti-scratch and Anti-fingerprint Hard Coating for Foldable Cover Window

김강한,정용철 한국고분자학회 2020 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.45 No.2

조선의용대 항전문예 활동에 대한 고찰

김강,김병민 한중인문학회 2020 한중인문학연구 Vol.66 No.-

조선의용대의 항전문예 활동은 조선의용대의 전투사기를 고양하고 대내외 영향력을 확충 하며 중한연대, 군민단결을 강화함에 있어서 중요한 역할을 했다. 항전문예 활동은 문예창작, 연예활동과 음악교육, 가극과 연극 공연활동 등 다양하게 전개되었다. 시가, 수필, 희곡, 르포, 판화, 만화 등 다양한 장르의 문예 창작은 전문적인 작가 아닌 의용 대대원들에 의하여 창작되었고 대부분 중문으로 창작되어 한중독자들이 공유할 수가 있었다. 연예활동과 음악교육은 다양한 기념활동, 오락활동, 국민들과 학생에 대한 교육 등과 긴밀히 결합 된 선동적, 대중적, 오락적인 성격을 가진 문예활동이었다. 가극, 연극공연에서 가장 큰 영향력을 과시한 가극 <아리랑>과 연극 <조선의 딸>은 그 사상 내용의 진보성과 예술형식 의 참신성으로 하여 중국 항전문예사에서 중요한 한 페이지를 남겼다. 조선의용대의 항전문예 활동은 조선의용대의 항일 투쟁사 나아가서 중한문화교류사에서 특수한 의의가 부여된다. 우선 조선의용대의 항전문예 활동은 조선의용대 대원들의 항일정신 과 혁명적 정서를 가장 진실하게 반영하였을 뿐만 아니라 선명한 선동성, 대중성, 오락성 등 특징을 구현하고 있다. 다음으로 조선의용대의 항전문예 활동은 민족 정체성과 문화의 혼종성 을 보여주고 있다. 민족 정체성은 조국에 대한 그리움, 민족에 대한 사랑, 항일구국 의식 등에 서 나타나고 있다. 따라서 조선의용대의 이중 주체의식과 군인 정체성을 보여준다. 그것은 주 요하게 중국의 항전승리에 대한 필승의 신념, 중국의 아름다운 미래에 대한 동경 등에서 보인 다. 예술창작과 공연에서 보이는 혼종성은 중국의 항전문예 운동에 적극 합류하여 감에 중요 한 역할을 했을 뿐만 아니라 사회 영향력을 확대하고 중한연대를 이룩함에 있어서도 직접적 인 역할을 했다. 조선의용대의 항전문예 활동은 혁명예술로서의 선동성과 대중성, 문화의 양가성과 혼종성 등 제반 특징을 보여주고 있지만 결코 예술창작에서 보편적으로 보이는 생명의 욕구 내지 생 명의 충동과 무관하지는 않은 것 같다. 조선의용대의 항전문예 활동은 제국주의 강권과 패권이 인성, 생명 등에 대한 억압과 유린에 대한 저항으로 표현되었다고 말할 수도 있다. In the Anti-Japanese War of China, the anti-Japanese literature and art of the Korean army of volunteers, which includes literary and artistic creation, activity, music education and performance of opera and drama, made important contribution in aspects of motivating morale, expanding influence both at home and abroad, strengthening cooperation between China and Korea, and enhancing army-people unity. There are various forms of literary creation by them, such as poetry, prose, drama, reportage, woodcut and cartoon. Most of these works are made in Chinese language, so they produced a tremendous impact on Chinese readers. Literary activities and music education always held combining with commemorations, amusements, popular education and student education, taking distinct publicity, popularity and entertainment as its characteristics. The opera Arirang and the drama Daughter of North Korea are the most influential works at that time. The performance of these works made a significant influence on history of Chinese resistance literature because of their profound thinking and original artistic form. The literary and artistic activities of the Korean army of volunteers got a special status and significance not only in history of anti-Japanese war, but also in history of Chinese and Korean cultural exchanges. Firstly, besides reflecting the history of anti-Japanese war of Korea, these activities represents indomitable fighting spirit and revolutionary optimism of the army. Secondary, the activities reflects national sense of identity and cultural fusion. The national sense of identity mainly reflects as deep remember on motherland, cognition on national culture and awareness of resistance aggression. Meanwhile it also reflects as double subjects and identity of Chinese soldier, which showed as triumphalism and longing for the future. The cultural fusion of these activities made a motive force on Chinese anti-Japanese literary and art movement, cooperation between China and Korea and army-people unity. Although these activities showed fusion of publicity, popularity and entertainment as revolutionary art, it highlights the relevance between desire for life and impulse of life. The activities showed resistance on empire power and cultural hegemony, and then performed social function as anti-Japanese literature and art given by that time.

근세 후기 倭館의 交奸事件과 데지마(出島)의 遊女들

김강일 전북사학회 2015 전북사학 Vol.0 No.46

Korea and Japan in the late modern age is a state authority external to the country as the exclusive bargaining rights for foreign nationals or foreigners overseas voyage was the era of seclusion was not allowed to come into the country together. Waeguan(倭館) in Chosun, Dejima(出島) in Nagasaki, Chinese town(唐人屋敷) was exceptional location. Choryang Waegwan(草梁倭館) in Chosun such as interpreters, traders routinely Tsushima in contact with a number of events took place while. Often happens in the case is theft, robbery, assault(打擲), smuggling(潛商), unauthorized escape(闌出), friction was a problem with the smuggling funds(倭債). Prostitution(交奸) are Tsushima men to stay in Waegwan(倭館) and Chosun women refers to sexual contact, Chosun government was looking into prostitution severely punished as a criminal act. Prostitution was a political event intended to prevent a diplomatic dispute with room for improvement in Japan. Chosun women into prostitution problem eventually suffered a pole can be seen was a victim of in late modern times diplomacy. Dejima(出島), says the Dutch East India Company trading musoeul was in Nagasaki. When the Dutch were staying in Nagasaki could not be the rule, personal contact with the Japanese, was a special area at any time if they want to enjoy the nightlife was called the Youzyo(遊女). During the Edo period in Japan is the legalization of prostitution was socially acceptable to enjoy the nightlife in this brothel formed in each city. However, anyone who was not a place to enjoy unlimited Shogunate had legalized prostitution. In the case of Edo, Osaka, Kyoto, geographically isolated from the place called of Yuzyoya(遊女屋), yuzyo only could belong to yuzyoya sales. But there can be a business yuzyo Nagasaki went out at any time if there is a call from Dejima yuzyoya or Chinatown. And prostitution case in Waegwan, acts of yunyeo of Dejima is the phenomenon of prostitution in foreign partner is the same. But, the Chosun women caused a prostitution case was put to the polarized, who was Dejima in Nagasaki yuzyo access to professionals who can live luxuriously in exotic trinkets as angry as a professional who is certified by the shogunate. This difference is a matter of how they define the state power is prostitution, and, ultimately, can be seen as a result of the difference stems from the Chosun and shogunate to government ideology. Edo shogunate was used systematically by the commodification of the female. Moral right or wrong decision is left off, such a positive attitude is ultimately one to think that it is not presented as the difference between the national power in the next period.

The Birth of Political Shakespeare: Ki Kukseo’s Hamlet Productions in the 1980s

김강 21세기영어영문학회 2017 영어영문학21 Vol.30 No.4

This paper attempts to survey a series of experimental Hamlet productions under military dictatorship, when assassination, coup d’etat, usurpation, corruption, and state violence were daily realities in the 1980s Korea. When freedom of speech was curbed, Shakespeare’s old, foreign story was endowed with contemporary and local meanings, and became an apt vehicle of political reflection and social communication. This is localization in a more profound sense, not just dressing the Bard in drag or setting his plays to folk music and dance. The understanding Korean audience did not come to the theatre appreciate a Western masterpiece or to enjoy a polished performance, but to participate in an intellectually stimulating and emotionally disturbing experience. While Shakespeare’s concern in Hamlet is primarily about the royalty and nobility, the common people take center stage in these Korean adaptations—as bystanders, innocent victims, and maybe even involuntary accomplices, who see that the time is out of joint but feel incapable of setting it right. Thus recontextualized, Hamlet is a tragedy not of an individual or a family, but of the entire society afflicted by madness and terror. In a sense, the performance on stage is no more than a rehearsal, in preparation for real action outside the theatre.

왜관과 범죄 - 접촉과 상호 인식의 차이에서 발생하는 범죄를 중심으로 -

김강일 전북사학회 2012 전북사학 Vol.0 No.41

Japan House was the community residence of Japanese in Choryang, Busan. Traders and merchants from Tsushima for various purposes stayed for a long period in Chorayng Japan House for trade and diplomatic missions. While these Japanese residents daily contacted Chosun officials and merchants, a variety of incidents occurred in Japan House. For instance, burglary, robbery, assault, smuggling and Japanese trespassing prevailed while prostitution of Chosun women in the Japan House premises and circulation of unlawful funds for smuggling were also major part of trouble. One of the main causes of crime lay in the difference in the perception of trading goods. The Tsushima officials recognized rice as the payment for trading whereas Chosun perceived it as a royal gift of which the grant could be delayed or exempted altogether. The different perception caused trespassing and assault of Tsushima people residing in Japan House. In addition, the structural problem in the lack of rice and firewood due to the excessive imposition of labor service of Dongrae-bu resulted in the various violations in Japan House. In general, an amicable relationship was sustained after Kiyu Treaty until the occupation of Japan house. However, this amicable relationship was in reality based on the immense sacrifice of Dongrae-bu residents and the expense for 250 years of peace was also imposed on them. If a confliction occurred in resolving the incident, Chosun often ceased the distribution of necessity and closed the market to pressure Japan House. These were the easy solution to solve the problem and the biggest concern of Japan House. During the Edo period, Japan officially closed its door to trading, however, kept the four entrances open to interact with other countries. It actively accepted advanced European culture from the Netherlands through Nagasaki. The strength built through this exchange eventually led to the success of Meiji Reformation. Although Chosun also officially closed its door, Japan House could serve as a window to the outside world depending on the its diplomatic policy towards Japan. On the positive note, Japan House was the door through which goods were exported from Chosun and imported to the country at the same time. It was also the source where the information of Chosun and China was spilled and where that of Japan came through. Until it was forced to close by the Meiji government, Japan House was kept openfor the practical purpose of Chosun despite the considerable expense for its maintenance. Chosun government held both positive and negative attitudes towards Japan House, however the dominant opinion viewed it as a subject to isolate and control. The historical records of Chosun rarely show positive description of Japan House residents. The consistent control and confinement over Japan House in the end resulted in such byproducts as trespassing, illegal trading, prostitution and assaults.

사립대학의 교육서비스 원가측정모델링

김강 그리스도신학대학교 출판부 2016 교수논문집 Vol.16 No.-

사립대학의 교육서비스 원가측정모델링

환경경영이 경영성과에 미치는 영향

김강 한국회계정책학회 2009 회계와 정책연구 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this study is to find out 1) effects of environmental management (Environmental Affinity Company Certification, ISO14001 Certification) on profitability ratios (gross profit margin, operating profit margin, net profit margin), 2) effects of environmental management on growth ratios (sales growth ratio, total asset growth ratio), 3) effects of firm size on the relationship between environmental management and financial performance. Research sample consisted of 536 companies from the manufacturing industry. Of the sample, 228 companies adopted environmental management while 308 did not. The findings of this study are as follows: First, environmental management does not affect gross profit margin but affects operating profit margin and net profit margin. Second, environmental management does not impact sales growth ratio and total asset growth ratio. Third, firm size affects operating profit margin and net profit margin, and environmental management affects net profit margin, but environmental management does not affect operating profit margin. This result is contrary to Hypothesis 1. This conflicting result shows that companies with big size and high performance easily adopt environmental management (Environmental Affinity Company Certification, ISO14001 Certification). Finally, this study supported “Available Funding Hypothesis”. 본 연구에서는 환경경영도입기업(친환경기업지정 또는 ISO14001인증을 받은 기업)과 미도입기업의 재무성과(수익성, 성장성)의 차이를 분석하고, 기업규모가 환경경영과 재무성과의 관계에 영향을 미치는지를 검정하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 초과매출액총이익률은 환경경영수준에 따라 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났고, 초과매출액영업이익률과 초과매출액순이익률은 유의적인 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 초과매출액증가율과 초과총자산증가율은 환경경영수준에 따라 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 기업규모를 추가하여, 환경경영수준과 기업규모에 따라 초과매출액영업이익률과 초과매출액순이익률에 차이가 있는지를 분석한 결과, 초과매출액영업이익률은 기업규모에 따른 차이는 나타나지만, 환경경영수준만을 독립변수로 한 가설1에서 유의적으로 나타났던 환경경영수준은 유의적이지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 초과매출액순이익률에 대해서는 환경경영, 기업규모, 환경경영*기업규모가 모두 유의적인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 경영성과가 좋은 기업일수록 여유자금이 존재하고, 외부이해관계자집단에 대한 노출이 많아지므로, 일반적인 수준이상의 사회․환경적 성과(예를 들어, 환경경영 도입)를 수행하게 된다는 “여유자금가설”을 뒷받침하는 결과라고 할 수 있다. 즉, 환경경영이 매출원가, 판매비와 관리비, 영업외비용 등에 미치는 영향은 제한적이며, 환경경영을 도입한 기업의 초과매출액영업이익률과 초과매출액순이익률이 미도입기업에 비하여 높은 것은 기업규모 등과 같은 기업특성변수의 영향이 더 크다는 것을 나타낸다.