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      • KCI등재

        疾走速度에 關한 研究

        趙福德 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 1975 교사교육연구 Vol.2 No.2

        The present study was carried out to measure the maximum running speed - in a 50-meterdistance by timing and analyzing various changes in speed. The findings of the research are summarized as- follows. 1.In 50-meter time measurement, middle school boys recorded the highest speed(6.89m/sec), followed by high-school boys, men college students, high-school girls, middle school girls, and women college students in their order. 2.In timing divided short distances, 1)From the start to 5 meters middle school boys recorded the highest speed, followed by mi.ddleschool girls, high-school boys, men college students, coeds, and high-school girls. 2)From 5 to 20 meters, high-school boys recordeed the highest speed, followed by men college students, high-school girls, middle school boys, coeds,, and middle school girls. 3)From 20 to 35 meters middle school boys recorded the highest speed, followed by high-School boys, coeds, high-school girls, middle school girls, and college students. In short, middle school boys ran at the highest speed throughout the whole distance except for 5-20 meters, in which high-school boys ran fastest. It is to be noted that men college students showed decline in speed between 20-35 meters. (Table No. 10; Figure No. 13) The findings discussed above are presented in the following conclusions. 1.An abrupt speed rise is followed by speed decline, giving rise to overal slowing down in running, (men college students) 2.The average speed of the whole distance is lower than those of the initial and final dash (middle school girls and men College students) 3.General low speed constitutes poor record throughout the distance, (coeds) 4.The best record was made by middle school boys, whose running speed showed a rise-rise-fall curve. 5.Runners generally showed decline in their speeds in the final stage or near the goal line.

      • 三國史記 및 三國遺事에서 본 體育像에 關한 硏究

        趙福德,朴眞成,黃太相 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1989 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.5 No.-

        Based on the above statements, we can conclude the sanitary though and physical activities in terms of physical education as follow ; 1. Many sacrificial rites were performed for a good health, happiness and the treatment of diseases on the basis of polytheism in those days. Three Kingdoms accepted the Buddhism as their national religion, by which they wished for longevity and good health. They also realized the viewpoint of their future, their life and death by sutra-chanting and praying. 2. Such sports as achery, Tuho(a game of throwing arrow into the jar), ball-kicking, Ssirum(Korean style wrestling), shooting on horseback, animal hunting, Chucheon(a rope swing) Jeopo(the Four-Stick Game;yuch), Baduk(Korean checkers), Aksak(dice play), Jukma(stilts), kiteflying were performed in order to defend the country, extend the territory and rule the citizens as a means of military exercise. 3. Therefore, it is concluded that in those days military arts and physical activities were based on the cultivation of the harmonious human being not only intellectually, emotionally but also socially, politically, religiously and militarily, which became the basis of the modern physical education.

      • KCI등재

        스포츠와 身體適性에 關한 硏究

        趙福德 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 1985 교사교육연구 Vol.10 No.-

        This study was based on the correlation between the sports and the physical fitness. In order to do that, it had analyzed the motor-capacity test. (4items; 100 meter run, burpee test, squat jump, pull up). This subjects were 347 applicants (300- general students, 47 experts) for entrance to the physical education of P. N.U (1980-1982). The results were shown as follows; 1. The experts were better than the general students in overall items except pull up. (Table 3 Fig 3-6) 2. The record of the general students were improved every year. (Table 2) 3. The personal record was shown much deviations in pull up and squat jump but not in 100 meter run and burpee test. (Table 6, Fig 3-6) 4. Seeing the relation between the items in experts; 1) 100meter run; athletics (12.34) basket ball (13.27) foot ball (13.34) hand ball (13.64) volleyball (14.23) gymnastics (14.24) (unit; sec) 2) burpee test: football (13.35) handball (13.39) basketball (13.57) athletics (13.74) gymnastics (13.89) volleyball (14.77) (unit; sec) 3) squat jump; Volley ball (61.86)cm athletics (56.20) basket ball (53.33) foot ball (52.12) hand ball (51.13) gymnastics (51.00) (unit; cm) 4) pull up; gymnastics (14.17) basket ball (12.67) athletics (9.2) hand ball (9.50) foot ball (8.24) volley ball (7.14) (unit; times) (Table 3) There were decreased in order. 5. Seeing the coefficient of correlation with other items; It had shown a little correlation between 100 meter run and burpee teat but not with the other items. (Table 5) Finally, the applicants evere being drilled under no good guide which had neglected one's fundamental physical strength in high school. And we must consider now to cope with that. On the other hand, the fundamental physical strength of youth were much rised every year through hard work because these items are one of entrance examination subjects to enter the university or college. In order to get good record in sports there are some important thing which we must consider : Those are natural qualities and physical strengh and efforts for sports. Besides, we need plan some scientific systems (apparatus or new items for test) to predict motoraptitude and physical fitness. That's just one of subjects which we must do in future. If those above mentioned were reflected throughly in professional education, the future of our nation in physical culture will be desirable.

      • KCI등재

        投球動作의 正確度에 關한 研究

        趙福德 부산대학교 과학교육연구소 1976 교사교육연구 Vol.3 No.2

        The present research is carried out to get a good record in an accuracy of throwing a ball. This research used eighty high school pupils and eighty college students for a random sample. The findings are summarized as follows. 1.Hit-frequency is related to target-frequency inversely, specially for the 9th, 10th ball. But generally far-distance throwing is in proportion to hit-rate or target-rate As a whole, high hit-frequency is showed in the latter half of the throwing order, (see on table No. 6,7, figure 10,11) 2.Comparing the 2nd record with 1st, it is become higher in all grades except man college stu-dents. But to high school girls and woman college students, hit-frequency and target-frequency are all in the range of the frequency 0-5 only. (see on figure 3,5, 12) 3.Hit-rate and target-rate are all lowered in ixian college students, high school boys, woma-n college students and high school girls, as their orders. Hit-rate is not reached target-rate in the rate of increase through the 2nd play. (See on table 6, figure 12) In short 1.High school girls and woman college students are far behind high school boys and man college students in all record. 2.To high school students, hit-rate and. target-rate are rised through the exercises but to colle-ge students, not. 3.As a whole, high hit frequency is showed in the latter half of the throwing order. 4.Hit-frequency is related to target-frequency inversely. 5.Generally far-distance throwing- is in proportion to hit-rate or target-rate

      • KCI등재
      • 古代 蹴鞠에 對한 考察

        趙福德,李相奉 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1986 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2 No.-

        I have investigated about the ancient Chukkuk's origin and transition of form of a game through record consideration and preceding study at last reach a conclusion as follows. They have been heard from old times that Hwang Emperor, had been deified in China, made the ancient Chukkuk for training of soldiers. And, it was popularized and developed for raising the morale of soldiers, as a game of the commons. But it fell off with the changes of the times gradually. The ancient Chukkuk was alike today's Soccer with a ball and goal post, and it was divided into a single and collective form. The single game had the game from one man to ten man, each game had characteristic name. There were the collective game in which they made holes both sides of a ground, the game with two bamboo goal post, and the game in which they set up one and kick in a ball to the hole on the goal. After game, a winner was given many prize, a loser was whipped and reproved.

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