보성지방 다원 토양내의 선충에 관한 연구

김주희(J.H. Kim),박용구(Y.G. Park) 한국차학회 2000 한국차학회지 Vol.6 No.1

In order to survey for nematodes in Posung tea plantation area, 45 sample sites were investigated. Meloidogyne species was observed at 35 among 45 sites, at the highest percentage 77.8%, Pratylenchus 11.1%, Parathylenchus 6.7% and Helicotylenchus 2.2%. The nematodes species were not identified excepted Pratylenchus fallax and Paratylenchus lepidus because the total samples number of nematodes was very a few. Meloldogyne were revealed higher frequency in the soil of older than of new tea plantation sites but Pratylenchus were observed also in new tea plantations. There are in general high frequency and various sorts of nematodes in old than in new tea plantations. The sorts and density of nematodes were different by the sort of soil for example the higher in clay than in loam. High variation of species and the a number of nematodes were in pH from 4.6 to 5.0 in soil. A number and density of nematodes were coincided with the soil conditions, not only the higher in 0.08~0.1 electro conductivity but in 51~80 g/kg organic contents. The contents of P₂O₅ with from 401 to 800 mg/kg in soil was affected the density and a number of nematodes for example the number of Meloidogyne was observed 18.1, Piatylenchus 5.8. Paratylenchus 37.5 and Helicotylenchus 21.5, while there was no evidenced at under 100 and over 800 mg/kg of P₂O5. The plain area of tea plantation was revealed more sorts and higher number of nematodes than over 15 degree of the planted area gradient. Those results are suggested that the nematodes are distributed prevailing in Korean tea plantation area. In order to conserved the tea plantation filed from the attacks of nematodes, there are more need research studies on the relationship of the density of nematodes and the production of tea leaves, the distributed situation, the identified the nematodes species, and the control methodologry against the nematodes in Korea.

소나무 天然生林의 集團遺傳學的 硏究 Ⅱ. 島嶼地域內 集團間의 遺傳的 分化

Y. G. PARK(朴龍求) 한국육종학회 1976 한국육종학회지 Vol.8 No.2

Twenty populations of Pinus densiflora collected from 11 islets at Seto Inland Sea in Japan were investigated for isoperoxidase variation in the squzeed sap of needle leaves. Twelve bands in all were identified in the starch gel. Twenty populations could be classified genetically identified six consolidated groups by the frequency of occurrence of three bands H, K, and M, which were found variation among twelve bands in all. This results is suggested that genetic differentiation in twenty populations of P. densiflora was brought out not by natural selection but by genetic random drift. We were able to forward a hypothesis in this study that P. densiflora populations which were scattered in the small region isolated by sea were genetically differentiated in respect of the isoperoxidase contents, which were considered to have arisen through the random genetic drift occurring the spreading-period of the species.

한국과 일본 야생차나무의 도입경로와 기원에 관한 연구

박용구(Park, Y. G.),김주희(J.H. Kim),Ikeda Namiko(N.Ikeda),신동일(D.I. Shin) 한국차학회 2001 한국차학회지 Vol.7 No.1

It has been known that both Korean and Japanese wild tea were introduced from China around AD 800. However, the original population from which they were introduced was not confirmed, yet. We investigated the morphological and genetic variations using RAPD of Korean and Japanese wild tea plants and compared with their genetic differences based on the results. Twenty two superior individuals from 19 wild tea populations of Korea were selected and 19 superior cultivars of Japan were introduced for this study. Seeds collected from 6 wild populations of Korea were planted in Tea Experimental Station in Japan at 1994 and the progenies were compared with 6 year old Japanese wild tea seedlings. Characteristics of leaf morphology of Korean wild tea plants were similar to those of Chinese small leaf variety while Japanese wild tea revealed to be more tolerant to cold. Japanese cultivars have thick leaf that indicates a higher yield. Most conspicuous difference was seen in the flower structure which means a different breeding pattern in Korean and Japanese populations. RAPD results clearly demonstrated the difference between Korean and Japanese wild populations. From the results, we concluded that there are significant genetic differences between Korean and Japanese wild tea populations and, therefore, the original populations from which they were introduced are different.

식물세포 배양 및 융합을 통한 유용물질 개발(II)

김길웅,박용구,최명석,Kim, K.U.,Park, Y.G.,Choi, M.S. 한국잡초학회 1995 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.15 No.2

Anthocyanin formation in callus cultures using Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa was evaluated on basal MS medium supplemented with various levels of growth regulators, sucrose and nitrate concentrations. The highest yield of anthocyanin from cultured cells was produced under 5% sucrose, 1/8 strength of nitrate(12.5% of basic concentration) and combination of 1.0 mg/l IAA with 2 mg/l BAP, respectively. The high anthocyanin producing cell line no. 11 was selected among 15 cell lines, showing over 80% cells contained anthocyanin producing cells. From these cells, the highly productive red protoplast was isolated and the highest protoplast yield, $6.7{\times}10^6$ was obtained in enzyme combination IV which is composed of 2.0% cellulase, 0.5% macerozyme and 0.1% pectolyase. 현사시나무의 조직 배양 세포에서의 anthocyanin 생산성이 높은 세포계를 얻기 위한 목적으로 실험을 수행한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. Anthocyanin 생산력이 높은 세포계의 선발은 sucrose 3%, 2, 4-D 0.5 mg/l, BAP 0.1 mg/l가 첨가된 MS 기본배치에서 실시하여 15 개 cell line중에 생성력이 80%에 달한 ACL 11 세포계를 선발하였다. Anthocyanin 생성에는 배지 환경요소가 중요한 인자로 작용함을 밝혀 냈다.

식물세포 배양 및 융합을 통한 유용물질 개발 1

김길웅(Kim, K. U.),박용구(Y. G. Park),곽성희(S. H. Kwak) 韓國雜草學會 1995 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.15 No.2

침엽수 체세포 배발성을 이용한 임목생물공학

P . V . Bozhkow,박용구 ( Y . G . Park ) 한국산림과학회 1996 한국산림과학회지 Vol.85 No.4

Clonal forestry and reforestation programmes are especially interested now in development and application of controllable biotechnological systems based on the production of conifer somatic embryos in bioreactors with their following drilling and/or storage in the form of $quot;artificial seeds$quot;. Modern achievements in conifer somatic embryogenesis has guided the development not only of biotechnological systems in forestry, but also of basic research in conifer embryology, cell and molecular biology. At the present time, the level of development of applied research on conifer somatic embryogenesis is well ahead our understanding of this complex phenomenon. The $quot;bottleneck$quot; situation in relation between basic and applied sciences will eventually lead to the appearance of $quot;weak points$quot; in biotechnological systems. In the present review, the major advances and the most pressing problems in the application of conifer somatic embryogenesis both to forest biotechnology and to basic research are in the focus of attention.

식물세포 배양 및 융합을 통한 유용물질 개발 2

김길웅(Kim, K. U.),박용구(Y. G. Park),최명석(M. S. Choi) 韓國雜草學會 1995 Weed&Turfgrass Science Vol.15 No.2

혼농임업 : 지속적 개발을 위한 새로운 접근 방법

A . U . Mallik,H . Rahman,박용구( Y . G . PARK ) 한국산림과학회 1995 한국산림과학회지 Vol.84 No.4

The western-style industrial forest management practice involving large scale clearcutting, silviculture with industrially desirable species, and inadequate consideration on ecosystem preservation, has faced severe criticisms from environmentalists, ecologists and conservationists. With an increasing concern about environmental degradation the general public has also been becoming vocal in demanding ecologically sound alternative forest management. An age-old practice of sustainable ecosystem management variously defined as community forestry, social forestry or homestead forestry, has received increased attention in recent days. This type of traditional, and often not very organized method of natural resource management has been practised in many countries from the prehistoric times. It is believed that with a clear understanding of the functioning of ecosystem and community needs, the existing landuse method can be developed into a more productive one. The nature of community forestry management will vary depending on the scale, geographical location, social/community structure and expectations. This article argues that although the rate of economic growth may be lower with community forestry than with industrial forestry, the former fosters the principle of ecosystem sustainability. Industrial forestry may have an initial high growth rate but often it is associated with unsustainable harvesting leading to ecosystem degradation. A review of the traditional methods of economic analyses shows that they do not take into account the many social and environmental costs associated with forestry. It is argued that a well managed community forestry can maintain the critical balance between economic and ecosystem sustainability, An integrated model of community/homestead forestry development is proposed by coordinating the extension services of the departments of agriculture, forestry and environment.

한국 재래종 차나무집단의 형태적 특성 및 성분조성에 관한 연구

김주희(Kim. J.H),최정(J. CHOI),박용구(Y.G. Park) 한국차학회 2007 한국차학회지 Vol.13 No.3

차나무 유전자원을 보존하기 위해 전남 26개 집단, 경남 12개 집단, 전북 5개 집단, 제주 3개 집단, 광주 1개 집단으로 전체 47개 집단을 선발하여 1992년부터 2004년까지 13년간 전라남도 농업기술원 차 시험장 시험포장에 식재하였다. 육성된 개체간의 형태적 특성과 내병성, 내한성 및 수형의 특성과 유효성분의 조성 등에 대해 개체간 조사를 실시하였다. 당년에 신장한 신아장의 길이는 11~15cm가 1,537(69%)주로 가장 많았다, 신아에서 발생된 엽수는 4~6매가 1,931(87%)주로 가장 많았다. 절간장의 길이 분포는 1-1.9cm가 1,278(58%)주로 가장 많다. 엽록소 함량은 41~80mg%가 1,815(82%)주로 대부분을 차지하였다. 엽장은 4.1~9cm가 2,129(98%)로 대부분이 잎이 적은 소엽종으로 구성되어 있었다. 엽폭은 2.1-3cm1,518(69%)주로 가장 많았었다. 엽 두께는 0.2-0.25cm 가 1,694(76%)주로 대부분이었다, 잎 끝(엽선단)은 둥글고 뽀쪽한 것이 1,037(47%)주로 가장 많았다. 엽면 주름은 1,763(80%)주가 적은 편으로 가장 많았다, 차엽의 광택은 1,908(86%)주가 많은 편이었고, 엽각도는 45도 보다 약간 처진 것이 1,662(75%)주로 가장 많았다. 측맥수는 잎당 9~10개가 1,163(53%)주로 가장 많았다, 나무 모양(樹姿)은 직립형이 1,174(53%)주 절반정도 나타났다. 내한성은 달관조사에서 2,206(99%)주가 약한 것으로 나타나 상록활엽수의 특징이 발현되었다. 탄저병은 달관 조사에서 대부분이 강한 편에 속하였다. . 암술 모양은 수술위로 돌출된 계통이 1,217(55%)주로 분포하고 있었다. 총 질소 함량은 4~5%의 차나무가 2,184(99%)주로 가장 많았다, 카페인 함량은 1.2~2%가 1,708(77%)주로 가장 많았다. 카테킨 함량은 7~11%가 2,072(94%)주였으며 가장 많은 것은 12.5%로 1주(0.1%)였었다. 총유리아미노산 함량은 1.1~2%가 1,446(65%), 2~3%가 763(34%)주였으며 비배관리가 부족한 상황에서의 자료로 분석되었고, 데아닌 함량 분포는 0.5~1%가 1,983(90%)주였으며, 비타민C 함량은 200-250mg/100g가 671(30%)주로 가장 많았음이 분석되었다. 조사 결과 엽형질 뿐만아니라 내병성, 내한성, 수형 등에서 개체간 차이가 뚜렷하게 나타났을 뿐만아니라 데아닌, 카데킨, 카페인, 유효 아미노산과 같은 유효성분 함량에서도 개체간 차이가 나타났다. 이것은 차나무 유전자보존을 위해 유전적인 변이가 다양한 개체들을 수집하여 보존포를 조성하는 것이 매우 의미가 있으며 필요한 사업으로 추정할 수가 있었다. For genetic conservation of tea populations, 47 populations were collected at Jeollanam 26, Gyeongnam 12, Jeollabuk 5, Jeju 3 and Gwangju 1 population and then the seedlings of those populations have grown on the tea filed Bosung Tea Experimental Station during 13th years from 1992 to 2004. The morphological characters, the tolerance of disease and cold resistant, and the variation of the contents in tea leaves were surveyed by checking the variation among populations. Among the morphological characters, the length of new shoot form 11 to 15 cm in this year have been represented 69%, i.e. 1,537 leaves, the number of leaves of new shoot from 4 to 6 was showed 87%, i.e. 1,931 leaves, the number of length of knot at from 1 to 1.9 cm show 58%, i.e. 1,278 leaves. In the characters of leaves, the leaf length from 4.1 to 9 cm was 98% i.e. 2,129 leaves, the leaf width from 2.1 to 3.0 cm was 69% i.e. 1,518 leaves, the thickness of leaf from 0.2 to 0.25 cm was 76% i.e. 1,694 leaves. Among the leaf form, the shape of the end of leaf was acuminate 47% i.e. 1,037 leaves, the leaf wrinkles was low 80% i.e. 1,763 leaves. The bright of leaf surface have high 86% i.e. 1,908 leaves and the contents of chlorophyll from 41 to 80 mg% was 82 % i.e. 1,815 leaves. The angle of leaf under the low 45 degree represented 75% i.e. 1,662 and the number of lateral vein from 9 to 10 was 53% i.e. 1,163 leaves. Elect type of tree shape show 53% i.e. 1,174 trees. The low cold tolerance shaw 99% i.e. 2,206 tree and the tolerance against Bacillus anthracis was representatived strongly by naked eyes. Shape of pistil in tea flower was upper divergence of stigma 55% i.e. 1,217 flowers. The total nitrogen from 4 to 5 % was 99% i.e. 2,184 leaves, caffeine from 1.2 to 2.0% was 77% i.e. 1,708 leaves, catechin from 7 to 11 % was 94% i.e. 2,072 leaves. Among them the highest contents was 12.5% only 1 tree. Total contents of free amino acid from 1.1 to 2.0% was 65% i.e. 1,446 trees, from 2.0 to 3.0 was 34% i.e. 763 trees. the contents of theanine from 0.5 to 1.0 % was 90% i.e. 1,983 trees and the contents of vitamin C from 200 to 250 mg/100g was 30% i.e. 671 trees. There are so much variation not only morphological characters but the content of caffeine, theanine, catechin and free amino acid among populations. Therefore, it is very important to conserve the genetic diversity of tea trees populations.

차밭 조성 초기 잡초방제에 관한 연구

金冑禧(Kim.J.H),金正云(J.W.Kim),朴根喆(G.C.Lim),朴龍求(Y.G.Park),李賢花(H.H.Lee) 한국차학회 2001 한국차학회지 Vol.7 No.2

This experiment were carried out to screen effective herbcides, mulching and many factors which annual and perennial weeds to open tea plantation. The best weeds control mothod are covering on the ground by black polyethylene film mulching in the tea seedling or planting after. In the most impotant of herbicides are severe chemical injury to be resonable consider. If you want after seedling treatment chemical herbicides that has a soil treatment by napropamide WP. PrometrynWP and non-selective herbcides glyphosate- ammo nium SL. Glufosinate-ammoniumSL and two chemical herbcides has low injury in tea leaves.