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      • KCI등재후보

        프루동의 예술 이론에서 계몽적 이성의 역할

        송재우 영남대학교 인문과학연구소 2008 人文硏究 Vol.- No.55

        이 글의 목적은 피에르-조제프 프루동(Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, 1809-1854)의 예술 이론에서 계몽적 이성의 역할을 검토하는 데 있다. 프루동의 예술 이론은 그가 주창한 아나키즘 이론과 마찬가지로 계몽적 이성이 가진 윤리적 성격에 뿌리를 내리고 있다. 바로 이런 점 때문에 그의 예술 이론이 가진 특성을 밝히는 데에는 이성이 어떤 역할을 하고 있는지 선결적으로 해명되어야 한다. 윤리적 이성의 영향 하에서 프루동은 또한 이성 자체의 의미와 역할에 대하여 독자적인 사상을 전개하고 있다. 따라서 본 논문은 프루동의 예술 이론이 나오게 된 역사적 배경을 간략하게 추적하며, 그의 예술 이론이 계몽적 이성과 어떤 관계를 가지는지를 밝히며 프루동적 예술 이론의 특성을 계몽 이성과의 관계 내에서 규명하 였다. 프루동은 예술이 <계몽적 이성의 실현 수단>이라고 보았다. 즉, “예술은 우리 인류의 물리적 도덕적 완성이라는 목적을 위하여 자연과 우리 자신을 이상적으로 묘사하는 것이다.” 이러한 맥락에서 프루동에게 예술은 계몽적 이성에 의한 도덕 구현의 도구이다. 프루동의 이성주의적 계몽주의는 일체의 신비주의를 허락하지 않는다. 예술작품의 완성도에서 중요한 것이 솜씨와 연마의 숙련도이다. 그러므로 모든 인간이 저러한 솜씨만을 잘 익힐 수가 있다면, 예술가가 될 수 있다. 누구나가 진리를 직시할 수 있는 능력을 가지므로, 인간의 이성적 능력이 동등하다는 것은 프루동의 확신이다. 이러한 이성에 의해서 파악된 진리를 실천하는 한 방식이 예술 활동이기도 하다. 그러한 진리는 인류의 도덕적 완성이라는 목적으로 나타난다. 이러한 맥락에서 프루동의 대중 예술가론은 대중을 위한 예술론이기도 하다. 즉 이성을 통하여 이상을 확보하고, 이를 통하여 배양된 감수성은 현실 자체에서 행해지고 있는 비이성적ㆍ권위주의적 억압을 고발하는 표현으로서 예술에 의미를 부여한다는 뜻이다. 예술은 개인과 사회의 진보라는 이상을 결합하는 하나의 활동이 된다. 그 진보란 아나키즘이라는 이념으로 표현되는 계몽적 이성의 대중화이다. The purpose of this thesis lies to analyze, which role has the enlightenment reason in the theory of art in Pierre-Joseph Proudhon. The reason in his theory of art is rooted like his anarchism in the anarchist ethic. Under the influence of the ethical reason Proudhon expose his own thought to the meaning and role of the reason. In connection with that, this paper pursues to look into the historical background of the Proudhon’s theory of art and the relationship between his own theory of art and the enlightenment reason. Proudhon defines art as “a tool for the implementation of the enlightenment reason.” “Art is an idealistic representations of nature and human beings with the goal of the physical and moral perfection of mankind.” In this connection art is a tool of the implementation of the moral by the enlightenment reason in Proudhon. It is however to be stressed that its rationalistic enlightenment do not allow to interpret a work of art as a result of mystical inspiration of an artist. It is important for the perfection of the work of art to master skill and technique of the related art. Whoever acquires such an ability, he should be called as an artist. It is Proudhon’s conviction that there is no difference among human beings in the intellectual ability, because everyone can see the truth with help of his own reason. There are various ways of the implementations of the truths, and one of them can be achieved through the artistic action. The goal of this truth is the moral perfection of human beings. In this connection the public art should be changed as art for the public. And the realization of it should be determined through the ideals achieved by the reason that brought the ability to see the reality of the mankind. The sensitivity made by reason enable to see and disclose, what the irrational and autocratic suppressions are in this world. For Proudhon it is art, that make possible to perform the progress between the individual and the society. The progress of the world can be attainable, when the enlightenment reason is popularized among the masses.

      • KCI등재

        판례를 통한 학교안전사고 민사책임 유형분류 연구

        송재우,범경철 한국스포츠엔터테인먼트법학회 2021 스포츠와 법 Vol.24 No.3

        This study starts from the question whether it is possible to clarify the subject of civil liability according to each type of school safety accident. The existing papers on school safety accidents focus on legal approach to responsibility classified by subject. In addition, we are witnessing continuous lawsuits related to school safety accident and in most cases whether teachers are responsible for the accident or not is still critical to the judgement. In order to resolve this question, on the basis of numerous papers and precedents, this study classifies types of accident that is possible to occur in school by the subject of responsibility. As a result types of subject of civil liability can be classified. Today the Act on the Prevention of and Compensation for Accidents at School is literally carried out in two aspects: prevention and compensation. Given these circumstances, follow research needs more detailed and reasonable legal review about each type and discussion on concrete scope of responsibility by subject. Consequently reference framework for types of responsibility in school safety accidents should be enacted and then the issue of where the responsibility for a school safety accident lies should be clarified, which, in turn, will lead the Act on the Prevention of and Compensation for Accidents at School to undergo improvements in a way that prevents lawsuit abuse. 본 연구는 학교안전사고 유형에 따라 민사책임주체를 명확히 하는 것이 가능한지에 대한 문제에서 출발하였다. 학교안전사고와 관련한 기존의 논문들은 주체별 책임에 대한 법적 고찰에 중점을 두고 있고, 학교안전사고와 관련하여 끊임없이 법적 공방이 이뤄지고 있는데 반해 이에 대한 해결은 아직도 교사의 책임여부를 기준으로만 판단하고 있다. 이에 대한 연구방법으로 다수의 논문과 판례를 통해 책임주체별로 학교에서 발생할 수 있는 사고유형을 구분하였다. 그 결과 책임주체별 유형을 분류할 수 있었다. 현재 학교안전법은 예방과 보상, 두 가지 측면에서 시행되고 있는데, 추후 후행연구에서는 각 유형에 대해 좀 더 세밀하고 합리적인 법적 검토 및 각 주체별 구체적인 책임범위에 대한 논의가 필요하다. 이를 통해 학교안전사고 책임주체에 따른 유형의 준거틀을 제정하여 학교안전사고에 대한 책임소재를 분명히 하고, 학교안전사고소송에 대한 남용을 방지하는 방향으로 학교안전법을 보완할 필요가 있다.

      • 蛇行 流路의 水理幾何學的 分析

        宋在偶 弘益大學校 1989 弘大論叢 Vol.21 No.2

        The purpose of this study is to examine the hydraulic geometrical characteristics for the meander channel. In the analysis of some field examples, in spite of variety of meander shape, the sine-generated curve was fit with a plot of channel direction against distance. Meander characteristics of the river system using variance spectrum were analysed, and the meander paths were simulated by direction and direction-change series in this paper. Better wavelength estimates are obtained from direction-change spectra, dominant wavelength had the increasing tendency in order tributaries of the North Han river system, the South Han river system and the Han river down stream system.

      • 流路特性의 形能學的 硏究

        宋在偶 弘益大學校 1984 弘大論叢 Vol.16 No.2

        The disasters of floods due to river bend have been occurred in the alluvial rivers which were showed erosion, scouring and sedimentation. In this paper the formation of meander and some morphological characteristics of alluvial channel have been studied. The purpose of this study was to derive the relationship among factors of channel characteristics and to establish some measures of bank stabilization. The result of this study were as follows. 1. The relationship among the meander length, belt and flowrate was analyzed and it should be considered at the planning the river course. 2. The results of detailed comparison and the analysis of degree of sinuosity, velocity and water surface slops were brought light on the fact show that the curved reach is more stable than the straight one. 3. The spur dyke was proposed for the means of bank stabilization along the river bend and the classification, location, direction, length and space of spur dyke should be analyzed on the view points of bank protected.

      • 흐름 計算의 數値 積分法에 관한 硏究

        조원철,李元煥,송재우 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1977 논문집 Vol.7 No.1

        A simple rapidly converging iterative method of computing gradually varied steady flow profiles in open channels of any shape, prismatic or nonprismatic, is presented. The method is also applicable to spatially varied steady flow. It is not necessary to determine the shape of the expected profile or the type of flow in advance to proceed with the solution. Computations can proceed either upstream or downstream, regardless of the type of flow, once the channel, discharge, and the initial depth of flow are specified. The procedure for hand computation is illustrated by an example and a FORTRAN program is given.

      • 표면재료 및 강우강도에 따른 우수유출저감시설의 침투 특성에 관한 실험 연구

        宋在偶,任壯爀,鄭祐昌 홍익대학교 과학기술연구소 2006 科學技術硏究論文集 Vol.17 No.-

        The increment of impermeable land area due to widespread land development caused the adverse impact on urban disaster prevention because it could decrease the peak rate of runoff as well as increase the runoff and peak flow during rainy period. Many researchers have focused on the facilities that can reduce this increased runoff. Recently, runoff-reducing facilities using infiltration have drawn much attention because of their cost-effectiveness and high performance. To date, however, little research has been conducted on the infiltration characteristics and quantitative analysis because of their highly dependence on construction method, paving material, surface permeability, and field condition. Hence, this study was performed to investigate the infiltration characteristics of runoff-reducing facilities according to the type of paving material, which were examined using experimental apparatus with varying paving material and rainfall intensity, and thus to provide fundamental research data for runoff-reducing infiltration facilities. In this study, the infiltration characteristics were examined under the rainfall intensity of 20, 30, 50, 80, 100, 200 mm/hr for a variety type of paving materials such as concrete, asphalt, sand, grassland, and permeable paving material. The infiltration rate for permeable paving material was observed to be more than 93 % under the condition of less than 200 mm/hr of rainfall intensity. For the compacted earth and grassland, the ultimate infiltration rate was estimated to be about 13% to 67%. The asphalt and concrete paving materials showed the direct runoff pattern with extremely low ultimate infiltration rate. The permeable paving material was concluded to be the most appropriate one for the runoff-reducing infiltration facilities because it has more favorable advantages than others in the light of infiltration volume, disaster prevention, and river training.

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