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( Xuelong Zhuang ),( Min Chang Shin ),( Byeong Jun Jeong ),( Seung Hwan Lee ),( Jung Hoon Park ) 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.59 No.2
Recently, hybrid coal research is underway to upgrade low-grade coal. The hybrid coal is made by mixing low-grade coal with bioliquids such as molasses, sugar cane, and lignin. In the case of lignin used here, a large amount of lignin is included in the wastewater of the papermaking process, and thus, research on hybrid coal production using the same is attracting attention. However, since a large amount of metal ions are contained in the lignin wastewater from the papermaking process, substances that corrode the generator are generated during combustion, and the amount of fly ash is increased. To solve this problem, it is essential to remove metal ions in the lignin wastewater. In this study, metal ions were removed by ion exchange with a alumina hollow fiber membrane coated with K-Phillipsite (K-PHI) zeolite. The alumina hollow fiber membrane used as the support was prepared by the nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method, and K-PHI seeds were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The prepared K-PHI seed was seeded on the surface of the support and coated by secondary growth hydrothermal synthesis. The characteristic of prepared coating membrane was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), and the concentration of metal ions before and after ion exchange was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The extraction amount of K<sup>+</sup> is 86 mg/kg, and the extraction amount of Na<sup>+</sup> is 54.9 mg/kg. Therefore, K-PHI zeolite membrane has the potential to remove potassium and sodium ions from the solution and can be used in acidic lignin wastewater.
Xuelong Zhuang,신민창,정병준,황재연,최영찬,박정훈 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.6
To remove the main barrier for lignin valorization, which is the development of actual lignin separationtechnology, we studied the ceramic membrane nanofiltration process using a dense, ultra-thin -Al2O3 film-coatedporous -Al2O3 hollow fiber ( HF) membrane for the simultaneous separation of alkali metals (Na+, K+, etc) andconcentration of lignin from an alkaline media like black liquor with success as an advanced wastewater treatment process. The -AlOOH sol was prepared by sol-gel method and coated by dip-coating on -Al2O3 hollow fiber ( HF)support. After calcination at high temperature, the mean pore sizes of the HF support and the HF membranewere found to be 0.2 m and 1.6 nm. The rejection rate performance for various salts increased in the following order:Na2SO4<MgSO4<NaCl<KCl<CaCl2<MgCl2<AlCl3. Under the best condition, the removal rate of sodium and potassiumions reached about 92% and 85%, respectively, with 19.34% of the lignin being discharged. The HF membranepresents good performance stability during a five day nano-filtration process.