Study on the Evolution and Preliminary Equilibrium of the Delta Deposition

TONG Sichen,Fu Wanbin,Wan Yan 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.9 No.1

The delta deposition pattern is the most important and universal sedimentation type in reservoirs, yet it is still unclear to engineers and researchers concerned about its evolution, adjustment and preliminary equilibrium of the sedimentation. Taken the reservoir named Xi Luodu as a typical case study the whole deposition processes of the delta evolution can be divided into two stages according to the time the delta arrives at the dam site, corresponding to the formation of the wedged shape deposition. Sedimentation in the first stage composes the majority deposits of the reservoir total accumulation volume. Although in the second stage the deposition rate is much slower than the first one it is the period for the reservoir to rebuild its new equilibrium mainly by changing the configuration of its cross-section to regain sufficient sediment carry capacity. The delta profile and the cross-section deformation were both discussed in detail during the two stages. Characteristics of the deposition/erosion along with the sediment delivery ratio were also analyzed throughout the whole processes.

An analytical investigation into the Nusselt number and entropy generation rate of film condensation on a horizontal plate

Tong Bou Chang,Fu Jen Wang 대한기계학회 2008 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.22 No.11

his study investigates the heat transfer characteristics and entropy generation rate of a condensate film formed on a horizontal plate with suction at the wall. Applying the minimum mechanical energy principle, the dimensionless liquid film thickness along the plate is found to vary as a function of the Rayleigh number, the Jakob number, the Prandtl number and the suction parameter. The governing differential equation of the condensate thickness is solved numerically by using a finite-difference shooting method. Closed-form analytical expressions are derived for the Nusselt number and the dimensionless overall entropy generation number. When there is no suction at the wall, the results obtained from the analytical expression for the Nusselt number are found to be in good agreement with those presented in the literature.

FXR Regulates Intestinal Cancer Stem Cell Proliferation

Fu, Ting,Coulter, Sally,Yoshihara, Eiji,Oh, Tae Gyu,Fang, Sungsoon,Cayabyab, Fritz,Zhu, Qiyun,Zhang, Tong,Leblanc, Mathias,Liu, Sihao,He, Mingxiao,Waizenegger, Wanda,Gasser, Emanuel,Schnabl, Bernd,Atk Elsevier 2019 Cell Vol.176 No.5

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P>Increased levels of intestinal bile acids (BAs) are a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we show that the convergence of dietary factors (high-fat diet) and dysregulated WNT signaling (APC mutation) alters BA profiles to drive malignant transformations in Lgr5-expressing (Lgr5<SUP>+</SUP>) cancer stem cells and promote an adenoma-to-adenocarcinoma progression. Mechanistically, we show that BAs that antagonize intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) function, including tauro-β-muricholic acid (T-βMCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA), induce proliferation and DNA damage in Lgr5<SUP>+</SUP> cells. Conversely, selective activation of intestinal FXR can restrict abnormal Lgr5<SUP>+</SUP> cell growth and curtail CRC progression. This unexpected role for FXR in coordinating intestinal self-renewal with BA levels implicates FXR as a potential therapeutic target for CRC.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Genetic and dietary risk factors for colorectal cancer converge on the BA-FXR axis </LI> <LI> FXR controls proliferating Lgr5<SUP>+</SUP> intestinal stem cells </LI> <LI> FXR agonists curtail colorectal cancer progression </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical Abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Experimental investigation on dilute gas-solid multiphase jet in crossflow

Fu Yao,Wang Tong,Gu Chuangang 대한기계학회 2011 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.25 No.6

In the current study, an experimental setup was built to investigate the gas flow and particle distribution in a normal jet crossflow to a main flow in a confined test section. The experiments were conducted under two test conditions: with Re_c/Re_(jet) of 7.9×10⁴/3.1×10⁴and 7.0×10⁴/1.8×10⁴. Four classes of particles were used in both tests. The planar gas flow field and particle distribution on the symmetric cross-section were measured by a DPIV system. Mean fluid velocity results and transient flow visualization images were used to analyze the jet influence on the gas flow field. The analysis of the time-average particle concentration reveal that the jet control method may set a gas barrier in the flow field, which the tiny particles are able travel around, large particles are able travel through, and only 10-micronscale particles could be successfully blocked. The results show that the wall jet control method can be applied in inertia particle separator.

The numerical investigation of tensile strength of coal model on the performance of coal plow using Particle Flow Code

Jinwei Fu,Hadi Haeri,Vahab Sarfarazi,Mohammad Fatehi Marji,Tong Li 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.82 No.6

Effects of coal tensile strength and plow configuration on the coal fragmentation process was modeled by twodimensional particles flow code (PFC2D). Three tensile strength values, 0.5, 1,5 and 3.5 MPa were considered in this numerical study. The cutters of plow penetrated in the coal for 4 mm at a rate of 0.016 m/s. According to the PFC manual, the local damping factor was 0.7. Three failure mechanism of coal during the fragmentation process by plow were modelled. The coal material beneath the cutters showed the elastic, plastic and fracturing behaviors in this analysis. In all the models, the plastic zone was fractured and some micro-cracks were induced but the elastic zone remained undamaged. It was observed that the tensile strength affected the failure mechanism of coal significantly and as it increased the extent of the fractured zone underneath the plow cutter decreased during the fragmentation process.

The Influence of Hi-flux Powders Characteristics on the Performance of Magnetic Powder Cores

Zhao Tong Chun,Ma Hong Qiu,Ding Fu Chang 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1

The influence of Hi-flux powders characteristics on the performance of magnetic powder cores was studied. It was found that different cooling rate and nozzle configuration could change the shape and microstructure of powders. Smooth surface and spherical shape of powders were beneficial to improve DC bias performance and reduce core losses of magnetic powder core.

Paris polyphylla Smith Extract Induces Apoptosis and Activates Cancer Suppressor Gene Connexin26 Expression

Li, Fu-Rong,Jiao, Peng,Yao, Shu-Tong,Sang, Hui,Qin, Shu-Cun,Zhang, Wei,Zhang, Ya-Bin,Gao, Lin-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.1

Background: The inhibition of tumor cell growth without toxicity to normal cells is an important target in cancer therapy. One possible way to increase the efficacy of anticancer drugs and to decrease toxicity or side effects is to develop traditional natural products, especially from medicinal plants. Paris polyphylla Smith has shown anti-tumour effects by inhibition of tumor promotion and inducement of tumor cell apoptosis, but mechanisms are still not well understood. The present study was to explore the effect of Paris polyphylla Smith extract (PPSE) on connexin26 and growth control in human esophageal cancer ECA109 cells. Methods: The effects of PPSE on Connexin26 were examined by RT-PCR, western blot and immunofluorescence; cell growth and proliferation were examined by the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results: PPSE inhibited the growth and proliferation on esophageal cancer ECA109 cells, while increasing the expression of connexin26 mRNA and protein; conversely, PPSE decreased Bcl-2 and increased Bad. Conclusion: This study firstly shows that PPSE can increase connexin26 expression at mRNA and protein level, exerting anti-tumour effects on esophageal cacner ECA109 cells via inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis.

Hyperin Extracted from Manchurian Rhododendron Leaf Induces Apoptosis in Human Endometrial Cancer Cells Through a Mitochondrial Pathway

Li, Fu-Rong,Yu, Feng-Xiu,Yao, Shu-Tong,Si, Yan-Hong,Zhang, Wei,Gao, Lin-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.8

Background: A number of effective prevention measures have been introduced in attempts to substantially reduce both the incidence and mortality due to many kinds of cancer. The search for new anti-cancer compounds in foods or in plant medicines is one realistic and promising approach to prevention. Chinese medicines provide a rich pool of novel and efficacious agents for cancer prevention and treatment. Previously it was demonstratrated that hyperin extracted from the Manchurian rhododendron leaf reduces the proliferation of many cancer cells. The present study was carried out to evaluate its effects on human endometrial cancer cell viability and apoptosis and to investigate its mechanisms of action in RL952 cells. Methods: Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. Intracellular calcium ions were detected using laser-scanning confocal microscopy. The effects of hyperin on apoptosis related proteins in RL952 cells were examined using Western blot analysis. Results: The growth of RL952 cells was inhibited by treatment with hyperin. OD values of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased and expression of bcl-2 was increased and bax was decreased in protein levels in RL952 cells after 24 h of hyperin treatment, Moreover, intracellular calcium accumulation occurred in hyperin-treated cells. Conclusion: These results suggest that hyperin may play an important role in tumor growth suppression by inducing apoptosis in human endometrial cells via a $Ca^{2+}$-related mitochondrion apoptotic pathway in RL952 cells.

Stiffness Assessment of Cracked Reinforced Concrete Beams Based on a Fictitious Crack Model

Chunyu Fu,Yin Zhu,Dawei Tong 대한토목학회 2021 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.25 No.2

A fictitious crack model is introduced into cracked reinforced concrete beams to assess the changing beam stiffness under loads. Firstly, nonlinear concrete stress distributions near cracks are built based on the model. Then the stress of the steel bar at the cracked section is considered as cohesive stress. The concrete and steel stresses are substituted into the equilibrium equations of forces to solve the concrete stress. Based on the solution, the section inertias are estimated by iterating the calculation of the cracking open displacement, and finally the beam stiffness is assessed. Experimental data from seven concrete beams after cracking are adopted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, and the results show that the fictitious cracks ahead of actual cracks increase their depth with the load, which will raise the neutral axis and change the inertias of cracked sections and their neighboring sections. These changes are taken into account in the stiffness assessment, so the results predicted by the proposed method are shown to coincide well with the nonlinear deflections measured in the experiments.

A Study on the Scenario Transparency of Civil Intelligent Adjudication in China

주복용 ( Fu-yong Zhu ),퉁신위 ( Xin-yu Tong ),가오이헝 ( Yi-heng Gao ) 한중사회과학학회 2024 한중사회과학연구 Vol.22 No.1

과학기술의 발전으로 인하여 민사재판에 있어서도 이른바 ‘스마트 재판’이 등장하였다. 스마트 재판은 과학기술에 재판의 기능을 더한 것으로, 재판절차를 표준화함으로써 재판의 질적 및 효율성을 제고하는데 도움이 된다. 현재 재판과정을 보면, ‘사전회의-공판-판결’을 거치는데, 이때 판결의 편차가 발생하게 된다. 이러한 판결의 편차에 있어 투명성이 보장되지 않기 때문에 스마트 재판에 사용되는 AI의 알고리즘에 대한 분석이 필요하다. 하지만, 알고리즘은 대부분 제조회사의 영업비밀로 보호되고 있다. 이른바 ‘알고리즘 블랙박스’로 인해 민사사건 당사자와 일반대중은 알고리즘의 실제 작동과정과 재판에서의 적용에 관해 알기 어려울 뿐만 아니라, 재판결과에 대한 합리적 의심을 해결할 수 없게 된다. 이로 인해 최근 중국이 스마트 재판을 받아들여 발전시키려는 정책에 걸림돌이 될 수 있다. 이를 위해 스마트 재판의 과정을 시각화함으로써 투명성을 보장할 필요가 있다. 즉, 재판준비과정에서 공판 및 판결에 이르기 까지의 전과정을 AI 알고리즘의 운영이 시각화할 수 있도록 하여야 한다. 기술적으로는 재판과정 간 투명성 보장을 위한 알고리즘을 통해 상호 통합하도록 하여, 실제 재판이라는 물리적 공간과 AI가 제공하는 사이버 공간을 상호 연결하여 융합할 필요가 있다. 또한, 민사재판의 투명성 보장을 통해 ‘기계(프로그램)+인간’이 공생하는 민사재판 모델을 구축하고, 전통적인 ‘현장 정의’ 이론을 ‘디지털 정의’이론으로 전환함으로써 민사사건 해결에 있어 새로운 국면을 열 수 있을 것이다. Technology and civil adjudication of two-way run to write a new chapter of civil intelligent adjudication, intelligent technology for the adjudication of empowerment, help to standardize the adjudication of the operation of the program, enhance the quality of the adjudication of the effectiveness of the adjudication of the realization of the goals of the adjudication of great significance. However, in practice, due to the lack of transparency of pre-trial meetings, court hearings, adjudication and deviation and other scenarios, in particular, the algorithms involved are mostly protected by technology companies as trade secrets. The black box of algorithms makes it difficult for the parties to civil cases and the public to know the actual operation of the algorithms and the logic behind the adjudication actions, and it is impossible to dispel the reasonable doubts of the parties and the public about the adjudication results, which may exacerbate the crisis of the acceptability of civil intelligent adjudication. To this end, we take scene transparency as the perspective, typify the scenes of civil intelligent adjudication, construct intelligent transparency models from different scenes such as pre-trial preparation, trial, adjudication and adjudication deviation, promote the deep integration between technology and adjudication activities, promote the connection, switching and integration of material space and information space through technology, shape the theoretical models of transparency in different scenes, and improve the compatibility between the theoretical models of scene transparency and the development of intelligent adjudication technology. It also improves the adaptability between the theoretical model of scene transparency and the development of intelligent adjudication technology. Based on the justice goal of scene transparency research and development, and in accordance with the principle of human-machine symbiosis, the civil adjudication mode of human-machine symbiosis is constructed to promote the traditional theory of “field justice” to the theory of “digital justice”, improve the digital system of civil case resolution, and promote the realization of the fusion of technology and law. It also promotes the digitalization system of civil case resolution, promotes the integration of technology and law, and promotes the integration of emotion, reason and law in the adjudication results while enhancing the transparency of the intelligent adjudication scenario, so as to continuously improve the acceptability of the civil adjudication results, and to build up an ecological system of trust for civil intelligent adjudication.