http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Adrenal Venous Sampling for Subtype Diagnosis of Primary Hyperaldosteronism
Mitsuhide Naruse,Akiyo Tanabe,Koichi Yamamoto,Hiromi Rakugi,Mitsuhiro Kometani,Takashi Yoneda,Hiroki Kobayashi,Masanori Abe,Youichi Ohno,Nobuya Inagaki,Shoichiro Izawa,Masakatsu Sone 대한내분비학회 2021 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.36 No.5
Adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is the key procedure for lateralization of primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) before surgery. Identification of the adrenal veins using computed tomography (CT) and intraoperative cortisol assay facilitates the success of catheterization. Although administration of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has benefits such as improving the success rate, some unilateral cases could be falsely diagnosed as bilateral. Selectivity index of 5 with ACTH stimulation to assess the selectivity of catheterization and lateralization index (LI) >4 with ACTH stimulation for unilateral diagnosis is used in many centers. Co-secretion of cortisol from the tumor potentially affects the lateralization by the LI. Patients aged <35 years with hypokalemia, marked aldosteroneexcess, and unilateral adrenal nodule on CT have a higher probability of unilateral disease. Patients with normokalemia, mild aldosterone excess, and no adrenal tumor on CT have a higher probability of bilateral disease. Although no methods have 100% specificity for subtype diagnosis that would allow bypassing AVS, prediction of the subtype should be considered when recommending AVSto patients. Methodological standardization and strict indication improve diagnostic quality of AVS. Development of non-invasiveimaging and biochemical markers will drive a paradigm shift in the clinical practice of PA.
Yasuyuki Maekawa,Shosuke Miyamoto,Koichi Sawai,Yoshiaki Shibagaki,Toru Sato,Mamoru Yamamoto,Hiroyuki Hashiguchi,Shoichiro Fukao 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
Rain attenuation characteristics of the Ku-band up-link satellite signals are presented for the past four years of 2003-2006 in Japan and Indonesia, using Japan’ domestic communication satellite Superbird C that connects Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere of Kyoto University (RISH) to Equatorial Atmosphere Radar Observatory (EAR). Compared with the rainfall rates with the same time percentages, equivalent path lengths of the satellite signal against the rain area are shown to be reduced down to 2 km at EAR, which is remarkably shorter than those at RISH in Japan. The almost same attenuation values and annual statistics are, however, obtained from the X-band radar observations simultaneously conducted at EAR. This suggests that long-term radar observations of convective clouds are effective to estimate rain attenuation statistics of the satellite signals in the tropical regions.