Comparative Height Growth and Forest Structure of Fraxinus Spaethiana and Pterocarya Rhoifolia in Natural Reforestation Stands in Steep Valleys of Central Japan

Seoung Won Ann 한국환경과학회 2006 한국환경과학회지 Vol.15 No.12

Communication : Tendency of Korean Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture for Creation of Healthy Environment of Producing Green Land

( Seoung Won Ann ) 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2006 녹지환경학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture, Effective Microorganism, Liquid Fish Amino Acid Korean government planed to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide for 30% until 2005 compare to those of 1999. Government also planed to increase environmentally-friendly products for 5%. Number of farm following environmentally-friendly agriculture is 18,121, which is 1.6% of total farm in 2003. It is nine-fold increase compare to 0.18% in 2000. Environmentally-friendly agriculture is expanding from grain like rice and so on to whole agricultural area. Those of grains are 15-fold, fruits are 19-fold, and vegetables are 4.5-fold increased in three years from 1999 to 2002. Ideal agriculture gives economical and spiritual values to both producer and consumer by producing stable and health food. Desirable agriculture should be conserving environment. For this purpose, environmentally-friendly useful microorganism or liquid amino acid could be useful to recycle of resources such as agricultural and marine byproducts.

Riparian forest and environment variables relationships, Chichibu mountains, central, Japan

Ann, Seoung-Won 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.2

In most mountainous parts of the temperate zone of Japan along the Pacific Ocean, some climatic climax forests, whose main dominant species is Fagus crenata, F.japonica or Quercus mongolica var. grossesserrata, are distributed. In the riparian regions of the zone, however, there appear summer green forests composed of the different species from the climatic climax forests. Climate plays an important role in determining the overall distribution of vegetation, but some environmental factors, i.e.,topography, soil type, soil mosture content, etc. have a great influence on vegetation formation. Riparian forests seem to be controlled by various geomorphologic disturbances, such as landslide, soil erosion and accumulatuin. The study aims to present the relationships among vegetation, soils and landforms in the process of determining riparian forests dominated by Fraxinus platypoda and Pterocarya rhoifolia establishment in the mountainous region of central Japan. The study area extends an area of 302 ha with a range of elevation between 925 m and 1,681 m at the Clichibu mountains. The landforms were corditied at sampling grids (25 x 25 m, n = 4,843) using a hierarchical system, and a brief description of the forest soil classificaion was also given. The mutual relationship analysis indicated that forest soils and landforms play a significant role in determining the geomorphological process of riparian forest, and shaping the ultimate pattern of vegetation. At the study area, riparian forests were mainly found on the B_E forest soil type was one of the characteristic features of the study are. This particular soil which contained large talus gravels was found on the land formed by erosion and deposition of landslide.

수산부산물을 재활용한 제조방법이 기능성 비료와 사료에 미치는 영향

안승원 ( Seoung-won Ann ),안갑선 ( Gap-sun An ),조전권 ( Jun-kwon Cho ),조태동 ( Tae-dong Cho ) 한국환경과학회 2016 한국환경과학회지 Vol.25 No.11

In this study, to provide basic information for design of a large-scale recycling system for fishery by-products, the food nutrient components, fertilizer components, and microbial composition of fertilizers and feed which were made of fishery by-products were analyzed before and after fermentation. The results of the analysis of the edible portion of fishery by-products indicated that calories per 100 g of crustaceans were the highest followed by those of fish and brown algae in order of precedence with values as follows; Korean Krill 94 Kcal, Portunus trituberculatus 65 Kcal, Lophiomus setigerus 58 Kcal, and Undaria pinnatifida 16 Kcal. As for changes in amino acids per 100 g of fishery by-products between before and after fermentation, calories per 100 g of P. trituberculatus decreased by 74.7% from 15.7 g to 4.0 g, that of L. setigerus decreased by 61.1% from 11.9 g to 4.6 g, that of Korean Krill decreased by 53.5% from 11.6 g to 5.4 g, and that of U. pinnatifida decreased by 49.4% from 1.7 g to 0.9 g. Among amino acids, those contained in fishery by-product fertilizers (liquid fertilizer) in large amounts were shown to be Glutaminic acid, Aspartic acid, Glycine, Lysin, and Leucine. The lipid content of Korean Krill decreased by 11.9% from 3.2 g to 2.8 g, that of L. setigerus increased by 2.0 times from 1.1 g to 2.2 g, that of P. trituberculatus increased by 4.5 times from 0.4 g to 1.7 g, and that of U. pinnatifida increased by 9.4 times from 0.2 g to 1.9 g. The ash (mineral) content of P. trituberculatus decreased by 82.5% from 26.2 g to 4.6 g, that of U. pinnatifida increased by 27.6% from 3.3 g to 4.2 g, that of Korean Krill increased by 21.9% from 3.1 g to 3.8 g, and that of L. setigerus increased by 88.7% from 1.2 g to 2.2 g. The microbial composition of liquid fertilizer using recycled fishery by-products was shown to be Bacteria, Actinomycetes, Fungi, Yeast, and Lactobacillus sp.

일본(日本) 질부다마국립공원(秩父多摩國立公園)의 대형 초식 동물 일본 사슴(Cervus nippon)이 아고산침엽수림의 재생산에 미치는 영향

안승원 ( Seoung Won Ann ) 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2006 녹지환경학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Effects of feeding behavior of deer on regeneration of Abies veitchii dominated forest damaged concentrating in a short period were investigated. The dominant A. veitchii were damaged almost all individuals from small to large, with its DBH of 30cm, 91% and 90%, respectively. Most bark of fallen trees by strong wind were damaged by deer(Cervus nippon) feeding. Restoration of A. veitchii forest supposed be impossible if the deer inhabited densely in the forest. Feeding behavior of deer affected on vegetation after survey of forest vegetation. Non preferable plants escaped from feeding and gramineous plants grew faster even under the feeding pressure. Diversity index was decreased as percentage of non preferable plant increased. Therefore decrease of diversity probably affected by selected feeding and feeding pressure of the deer. Increase or decrease of certain species by feeding pressure of the deer simplify the species composition and probably caused less diversified vegetation of present.

1-MCP처리가 "후지"사과의 저장성에 미치는 영향

안승원 ( Seoung Won Ann ),정재훈 ( Jea Hun Jung ),김영칠 ( Young Chil Kim ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

This study was divided to three experiments for evaluating the effects of pre- or post-load 1-MCP on quality of ``Fuji`` apples exposed to ethylene. The first experiment was compared for fruit quality at room temperature at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days between the control and 1-MCP-treated fruits followed storage of 130, 150, and 170 days. 1-MCP-treated fruits maintained higher fruit titratable acidity and firmness than those of control fruits. The second experiment was compared for fruit quality at room temperature at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days between fruits applied with pre-loaded-1-MCP on ethylene treatments (10 μL/L, 20 μL/L, and 40 μL/L) and control fruits. 1-MCP-treated fruits were not affected by ethylene concentrations, and had higher fruit weight and firmness than those of control. The third experiment was compared for fruit quality at room temperature at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days between fruits applied with pre-loading with ethylene (10 μL/L) followed by ventilation (8 h, or 32 h, or 56 h) and 1.0 μL/L 1-MCP treatment. As observed above experiments, 1-MCP-treated fruits had higher fruit weight and firmness than those of control fruits, regardless of the delayed applications of 1-MCP.

해양부산물 아미노산액비 및 유용미생물시용이 인삼의 품질에 미치는 영향

안승원 ( Seoung Won Ann ) 한국환경과학회 2012 한국환경과학회지 Vol.21 No.8

Contents of ginsenosides 7 subordinations of two-year ginseng (fresh ginseng) is 1.27% and three-year ginseng is 2.09%, so the three-year ginseng root increased 64.9% compared to the two-year root. Compared with the comparison group, ginsenosides component content of KEM+SAF-applied group increased 24% in case of the two-year root and 20% in case of the three-year root. In vitamin C content, two-year root showed 59.4% higher and three-year root showed 37.7% higher in KEM+SAF applied group compared with the comparison group. In case of vitamin E, the two-year root indicated 5.6% higher and three-year root indicated 1.5% higher in KEM+SAF applied group compared with the comparison group, but there is no significant difference. In phytosterol three components (campesterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol), two-year root showed 25.3, 3.6, 14.1% higher for each, and three-year root showed 23.6, 6.8, 12.9% higher in KEM+SAF applied group and 14.4% was higher on average. In DPPH, two-year root indicated 34.4% higher and three-year root indicated 42.4% higher in KEM+SAF applied group compared to the comparison group. To sum up the results, KEM+SAF applied group showed ①22% ginsenosides components content, ②48.6% vitamin C content, ③3.6% vitamin E content, ④14.4% phytosterol content, ⑤38.4% DPPH higher averagely compared to the comparison group.

EM 및 아미노산액비 시용이 "설향" 딸기 모주의 생육에 미치는 영향

안승원 ( Seoung Won Ann ),김영칠 ( Young Chil Kim ),강태주 ( Tae Ju Kang ),박갑순 ( Gab Soon Park ),이국한 ( Kook Han Lee ) 한국환경과학회 2015 한국환경과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

The dry weight of mother plants`` leaves had the highest increase rate in both NS (single-use) and NS+EM (mixed-use) mixed with NS 0.8 (customary use). In seafood amino acid fertilizer (SAF) application, the increase rate was highest in SAF solution at a 300-fold dilution. Mother plants`` crown diameter, plant height, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length and leaf number showed the greatest growth amount when NS 0.8 (customary use) was mixed to NS (single-use) or NS+EM (mixed-use) solution. The growth was highest in SAF solution diluted 300 folds, but lowest in SAF solution diluted 100 folds. Of all inorganic nutrients, excluding sulfur, total amount of nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium had the highest increase rate in both NS (single-use) and NS+EM (mixed-use) with the treatment of NS 0.8 (customary use). Total nitrogen, in particular, was increased by 3.1% in NS 0.4, 6.0% in NS 0.8, and 4.5% in NS 0.8 with the application of NS+EM at a 500-fold dilution compared to NS alone. Total nitrogen amount showed the highest increase rate in SAF solution diluted 300 folds. Total nitrogen, available phosphorus, calcium, magnesium and EC in soils applied with culture solutions (NS, NS+EM) had increasing tendencies after fertilizer application. The results were comparable to those of SAF treatment. The increase rate of each inorganic nutrient composition declined in soils applied with NS+EM solution diluted 500 folds compared to NS alone.

친환경농업(親環境農業) 상추재배의 EM(유효미생물군(有效微生物群)) 미생물제제 시용효과(施用效果)에 관한 연구(硏究)

안승원 ( Seoung Won Ann ) 한국녹지환경디자인학회 2005 녹지환경학회지 Vol.1 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of EM(Effective Microorganisms) on growth and quality of lettuce for system of organic agriculture. Chemical characteristics such as soil acidity, organic matters, and conductivity were nor significantly changed between before and after the experiment. Those were not different between treated and untreated. Therefore treatment of EM did not affect on chemical characteristics of soil. Total production of EM and chemical fertilizer treated plants were 22.6 to 33.6% more than that of untreated plant. Ratio of total weight from dry weight were 22.0 to 32.2% in above ground part of plant and 31.0 to 43.7% in under ground plant. However there was no difference between EM and chemical fertilizer treated of total production. Leaf production of EM and chemical fertilizer treated plants were 27.1 to 30.4% more than that of untreated plant. However there was no difference between EM and chemical fertilizer treated plants. Therefore EM application on organic agriculture may have effective on reclamation of soil eco-system and improvement of plant cultivation environment without any yield loss. Calorie and general contents such as water, fat, protein, and carbohydrate were not different between treated and untreated plant. Inorganic matters such as T-N, P2O5, K2O, CaO, and MgO were also not different. Vitamin C contents were 11.7, 14.3~15.8, and 17.5mg/100g in chemical, EM, and untreated plants, respectively. However nitrates contents were 132, 78~81, and 72mg/100g in chemical, EM, and untreated plants, respectively. Therefore vitamin C and nitrate contents were negatively correlated. EM treatment did not produce any malformation and, less differences among newly formed leaf form a original individual. Lettuce treated with EM did not have any problem on quality and did not give any aversion to people. Therefore use of EM could produce organic agriculture without any damage to plant when it is used in the way as used in this study.

해양부산물 아미노산액비 및 유용미생물(KEM) 시용이 후지사과의 품질에 미치는 영향

안승원 ( Seoung Won Ann ),김영칠 ( Young Chil Kim ),황인수 ( In Su Hwang ),조전권 ( Jeon Kwon Cho ),김명선 ( Myoung Seon Kim ),이정관 ( Jung Kwan Lee ),엄원용 ( Won Yong Eum ) 한국환경과학회 2010 한국환경과학회지 Vol.19 No.10

This study was carried out to compare and analyze the effect of Korean effective microorganism(KEM) and seafood amino acid fertilizer(SAF) application on apple on functional substances of fruit. Vitamin C in fruit of control and KEM/SAF treated were 29.3 and, 39.8 ㎎, respectively. Also active oxygen scavenging ability of those treatments measured with DPPH method were 40.6 and 54.1%, respectively. Vitamin E contents of those treatments were 2.51 and 2.50 ㎎, respectively. Sitosterol, a phytosterol, contents of those treatments were 4.79 and 5.41 ㎎, respectively. Proportion of sugars, fructose, glucose, and sucrose in the fruit of control were 36.1, 15.3 and 17.8%, respectively. Those of the fruit of KEM/SAF treated were 45.9, 13.2 and 18.8%, respectively. Malic acid contents of control and KEM/SAF treated fruits were 53.7 and 43.8%, respectively.