Functional Genomic Analysis of Polyethylene Biodegradable Bacteria

Ye-Bin KIM,Seongmin CHEON,Min-Ju SEO,Ju-Young KIM,Won Seok CHI,Chul-Ho YUN,Chungoo PARK,Soo-Jin YEOM 한국생물공학회 2023 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.4

광산란 감소 물질에 의한 피부 각질층의 산란 감소 및 수화에 의한 각질세포의 물리적 특성에 대한 연구

전승현 ( Seung-hyun Jun ),염준석 ( Jun-seok Yeom ),안병준 ( Byung Jun Ahn ),박선규 ( Sun Gyoo Park ),이천구 ( Cheon Koo Lee ),이설훈 ( Seol-hoon Lee ),강내규 ( Nae-gyu Kang ) 대한화장품학회 2018 대한화장품학회지 Vol.44 No.1

본 연구에서는 각질층의 산란에 대한 새로운 분석 방법을 제공하고 광학에 사용되는 광산란 감소 물질들의 피부 각질층에서의 영향을 확인하였다. 각질층과 피부 구성 성분에 의해 산란되어지는 빛의 변화를 측정하기 위해 각질 테이프로 분리한 각질세포의 다크 필드 이미지 분석을 통해 다양한 광산란 감소 물질들의 각질층에서의 광산란 효과를 측정하고 분석하였다. 광산란 감소 물질의 처리 후 각질층의 물리적 특성(수분 함량, 케라틴 구조 및 두께) 변화는 FT-IR, 3D 레이저 현미경으로 관찰하였는데 화장품에서 보습제로 사용되는 단당류, 당알코올, 환원당, 히알루론산 등은 광산란을 감소시킬 수 있었다. 그러나 광학에서의 탈수 현상과 달리 낮은 농도 조건의 광산란 감소 물질은 각질층 케라틴 구조의 내부로 물의 침투를 향상시켜 각질층의 부피를 증가시키고 강성을 감소시키는 효과를 나타내었다. 이러한 광산란 감소 물질에 의한 각질층 각질세포의 수화 현상은 각질층의 광산란을 감소시켜 피부를 보다 투명하게 보이게 해 줄뿐만 아니라 지속적인 보습효과를 제공할 수 있는 각질층 타겟의 새로운 피부 개선 연구의 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. The objective of this article is to provide analytical tools for the scattering of stratum corneum (SC) and to check whether the optical clearing agents (OCAs) could be applied in optics affecting the scattering reduction. Dark field images of tape striped corneocyte separates scattered light of the SC from others in vitro. Several optical clearing agents were tested to reduce the scattering. Physical properties of SC such as water contents, keratin configuration and volume after OCAs treatment were investigated by FT-IR and 3D laser microscope. Several reducing sugars, monomeric sugars, sugar alcohol, and hyaluronic acid, which were used as humectants in cosmetic field, also reduced scattering. However, unlike dehydration in optics, water penetrated into the keratin in SC and scattering was decreased at low concentration of OCAs. In that condition, the volume of corneocyte was increased and stiffness seemed to decrease. The analyzing of tape-stripped SC, showed the change of optical and physical properties of corneocyte by optical clearing agents. The hydration of SC layer by optical clearing agents decreased the scattering of corneocyte and thus improved the skin appearance and moisturizing effect, which are important benefits in the cosmetic field and could provide new possibility to develop skin care study targeting at SC.

Marked Decreases of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 Are Associated with Strong Antiviral Effects of Tenofovir in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

( Ji Young Kim ),( Chang Wook Kim ),( Yun Hui Kim ),( Seok Cheon Yeom ),( Su Gyeong Lee ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Seung Kew Yoon ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Immune regulatory molecules such as forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) on CD4+ T cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 CTLA-4) on CD8+ T cell are associated with antiviral effector T cell dysfunction, which influences on T cell exhaustion and persistent viral infection in patients with chronic hepatitis B. These Foxp3 and CTLA-4 are up-regulated in chronic hepatitis B. During antiviral therapy with tenofovir, the expressions of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 could be changed. We investigated the relationship between antiviral effects of tenofovir and the expression of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 during tenofovir treatment in chronic hepatitis B. Methods: Eight patients with chronic hepatitis B under tenofovir treatment were enrolled for detection of Foxp3 on CD4+ T cell and CTLA-4 on CD8+ T cell. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from these subjects before tenofovir treatment (T0), 3 month (T3) and 6 month (T6) during tenofovir treatment. For antiviral effect analysis, serum HBV DNA levels were checked at same time. The expressions of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 on T cells were monitored by flow cytometry. Results: Three patients (3 of 8) showed marked decreases of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 during tenofovir therapy (group 1). Five patients (5 of 8) showed minimal changes of Foxp3 or CTLA-4 during tenofovir therapy (group 2). Group 1 showed complete virologic response within 6 month therapy regardless of baseline HBV DNA level but, group 2 showed complete virologic response within 6 month therapy only in patients with low baseline HBV DNA level (< 7log HBV DNA). Conclusions: Among the patients with chronic hepatitis B, the patients who showed marked decrease of Foxp3 and CTLA-4 during tenofovir therapy are associated with strong antiviral effects of tenofovir regardless of baseline HBV DNA level. This finding suggests that restoration of HBV-specific T cell strengthens the antiviral effects of tenofovir.

The Frequency of Peripheral CD1d+ NKT Cell Can Be Biomarker for Steroid Therapy in Patients with Severe Alcoholic Hepatitis

( Ji Young Kim ),( Chang Wook Kim ),( Yun Hui Kim ),( Seok Cheon Yeom ),( Su Gyeong Lee ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Jong Young Choi ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Natural killer T (NKT) cells can be divided into two types broadly. One of them is invariant NKT cells (iNKT) and these cells have CD1d molecules that were presented from antigen presenting cells. Also, CD1d is generally known to present by inflammatory events in patients with alcoholic liver disease. Thus, we investigated the characteristics of peripheral CD1d-restricted T cell population in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH). Methods: Four patients with SAH and four healthy people were enrolled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from these subjects according to time schedule, baseline (W0) and after 1 week (W1). To detect iNKT cells, lymphocytes were stained with CD1d Alpha Gal Cer tetramers (Proimmune, oxford, UK) for 30 minutes. We investigated the difference of CD1d-restricted T cells population with positive CD3 and negative CD19 between SAH patients and healthy controls. Flow cytometric analysis was performed using BD FACSCanto II. Results: The baseline frequencies of peripheral CD1d+, CD3+, CD19- NKT cell in patients with SAH were lower compared to those of healthy controls. There were two types of changing pattern of peripheral CD1d+ NKT cell in patients with SAH. First is increasing pattern of peripheral CD1d+ NKT cell at W1 compared to W0 (SAH 1 group). The second is decreasing pattern of peripheral CD1d+ NKT cell at W1 compared to W0 (SAH 2 group). SAH 1 group showed marked improvement of clinical parameters without steroid therapy but, SAH 2 group needed steroid therapy usually for clinical improvements. Conclusions: Based on above results, we consider that frequency of peripheral CD1d+ NKT cell can be used as biomarker for steroid treatment of patients with SAH patients.

Foxp3 and PD-1 Except CTLA-4 Are Decreased Significantly during 1 Year Tenofovir Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B

( Hyosun Cho ),( Chang Wook Kim ),( Ji Young Kim ),( Yun Hui Kim ),( Seok Cheon Yeom ),( Su Gyeong Lee ),( Hee Yeon Kim ),( Si Hyun Bae ),( Jong Young Choi ),( Seung Kew Yoon ) 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1

Aims: Immune regulatory molecules such as forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) on CD4+ T cell and programmed death-1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte- associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) on CD8+ T cell are associated with antiviral effector T cell dysfunction, which influences on T cell exhaustion and persistent viral infection in patients with chronic hepatitis C and chronic hepatitis B, These Foxp3, PD-1 and CTLA-4 are up-regulated in chronic viral infection such as chronic hepatitis C, chronic hepatitis B and human immunodeficiency virus infection but there is few report about the role of Foxp3, PD-1 and CTLA-4 in patients with chronic hepatitis B during antiviral therapy with tenofovir. We investigated the expression of Foxp3, PD-1 and CTLA-4 during 1 year tenofovir treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Methods: Thirty patients with chronic hepatitis B under tenofovir treatment were enrolled for detection of Foxp3, PD-1 and CTLA-4 on T cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated from these subjects before tenofovir treatment (T0), 1 month (T1), 3 month T3), 6 month (T6) and 12 month (T12) during tenofovir treatment. The expressions of Foxp3, PD-1 and CTLA-4 on T cells were monitored by flow cytometry. Results: T cells from patients with chronic hepatitis B under tenofovir treatment showed decreased expression of Foxp3 and PD-1 at T12 compared to T0 significantly but, the expression of CTLA-4 were decreased initially then increased at T12 compared to T0. Conclusions: In chronic hepatitis B, PD-1 as inhibitory T cell molecules and FoxP3 as regulatory T cell marker are down-regulated during 1 year tenofovir therapy, which could restore HBV-specific T cell function during tenofovir antiviral therapy. Interestingly, CTLA-4 may be up-regulated during 12 months tenofovir therapy in chronic hepatitis B, may play an important role in failing to eradicate HBV in spite of complete virologic response with tenofovir.