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金洪哲,崔世均 동국대학교 산업기술환경대학원 1994 산업기술논총 Vol.2 No.-
The objective of this study is to analyze the stability of international wheat market and the impact of the Uruguay Round on international wheat market and major wheat trading countries. In order to achieve the objective of the study, standard error and coefficient of variation are estimated by country, region and different periods for the comparison of stability of wheat market. To draw prospects of international wheat market after the Uruguay Round negotiations, major wheat trading countries' country schedule and results of previous studies are reviewed. Major findings of the study are; (1) Stability of international wheat market has been increase and the result of the Uruguay round will contribute to enhance market stability. (2) exporters' behavior is more stable than importers' mainly because of export subsidy. (3) Implementation of the result of the Uruguay round will increase wheat price by 6% in international market and reduce quantity traded. (4) The U. S. will increase its market share while EU will lose.
Effects of Korea-Japan FTA on the Korean Agricultural Sector : Evaluation and Strategy
Choi, Sei-Kyun 한국농업경제학회 2002 農業經濟硏究 Vol.43 No.4
Japan is the largest export market for Korean agricultural products. If Korea and Japan agree to make an FTA between two countries, Korea could increase agricultural exports. In order to test the effect of FTA on agricultural exports, an econometric model and a Computable General Equilibrium(CGE) model were applied in this paper. A CGA model shows positive effects of FTA on the Korean agricultural sector. Korea's agricultural exports to Japan increase in fruits, vegetables, floriculture, and pork from the abolition of tariffs. Agricultural GDP increases by 14percent. Exports of Korea's top ten fresh agricultural products increase by $57 million from the FTA. However, agricultural imports from Japan also increase in some sectors like cigarettes. Japanese market is hard to penetrate in many cases because of non-tariff barriers rather than high tariffs. A study(Choi et al. 2001) on non-tariff barriers in Japan concluded that many exporters have difficulties in sanitary and phyto-sanitary regulations in Japan. The other non-tariff barriers which exporters encounter are technical barriers, standards, different customs and rules of origin. FTA effects will increase when non-tariff barriers are abolished.
Research Note : Agricultural Reform and Budget Changes in New Zealand
( Sei Kyun Choi ) 한국농촌경제연구원 2001 Journal of Rural Development Vol.24 No.1
New Zealand started to increase agricultural subsidies to promote agricultural export in the 1970s. Subsidy programs inevitably entailed increased tax payer burden and financial deficit. In the early 1980s, the government acknowledged that the level of agricultural support was unsustainable. Most income support programs were abolished with the economic reform and the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries(MAF) was restructured by reducing number of staff members from about 5,600 to 1,000 in 2000. New Zealand could achieve the agricultural reform without severe adverse effects because the government introduced some transition programs for the farmers to adjust to the new economic environment. The government participated to share people`s agony of the reform. Reform budgets are classified into contestable and non-contestable and managed on the basis of recovering cost. New Zealand could hone it`s economic competitive edge from increasing transparency of budget management.