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Underlying representation in geminates: from OT perspective
Sung-Hoon Hong,Chang-Kook Suh 한국음운론학회 2004 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.10 No.1
Hong, Sung-Hoon, and Chang-Kook Suh. 2004. Underlying represen-tation in Geminates: from an OT perspective. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology. 10.1. 129.144. This research has examined the status of Underlying Representation (UR) in Optimality Theory focusing on the representation of consonant geminates. For this purpose, we have examined geminate/singleton alternation in Ponapean employing Lexicon Optimization (LO), an algorithm proposed to select a UR among multiple inputs. We have seen that simple application of LO is problematic in singling out a UR for the case of alternation. This leads us to the version of LO that is performed on the paradigms, rather than on an individual forms (Tesar and Smolensky 1996, 2000, Inkelas 1995, 1998). After a thorough implementation of LO, we have found that the URs are simply identical to the input forms; geminate UR for the alternating case and singleton UR for the nonalternating case. Further, it was shown that a unique underlying representation of geminates, regardless of their positions in which they occur, can account for the exceptional geminate behaviors. (Hansung University and Cheonan University)
홍성훈 ( Sung Hoon Hong ),박선우 ( Sunwoo Park ) 경희대학교 언어연구소 2016 언어연구 Vol.33 No.2
In casual speech of Korean, words are often reduced to shorter forms by reducing one or more syllables from the original words. This word reduction comes in three types: simple deletion of one or more syllables from the source word, reduction motivated by hiatus avoidance, and reduction created by deletion of subsyllabic segment(s) with subsequent resyllabification. The third type, which we call "subsyllabic reduction (SSR)," is particularly interesting because it is not clear what motivates this specific deletion of segment strings and the subsequent phonological restructuring. This paper examines the issues surrounding SSR from the perspective of information theory (Shannon 1948) and proposes that SSR occurs to improve string well-formedness and collocational strength between segments, which are measured respectively by information-theoretic notions of ``positive logarithm`` (plog; Goldsmith 2002, 2011) and ``mutual information``. To elaborate this proposal, we compiled a list of reduced words created by SSR and examined how plog and mutual information vary with SSR. We obtained a partially positive result: Among the five types of SSR, the values of plog and mutual information change as we expected in three types, which account for 270 out of 309 cases of SSR. We suggested a tentative explanation for the remaining cases based on reverse derivation and word-edge effect. (Aitchison 2011). (Hankuk University of Foreign Studies · Keimyung University)
Underspecification in Optimality Theory: Vowel Harmony in Classical Manchu
Sung-Hoon Hong 한국음운론학회 2002 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.8 No.2
Hong, Sung-Hoon. 2002. Underspecification in Optimality Theory: Vowel Harmony in Classical Manchu. Studies in Phonetics, Phonology and Morphology 8.2. 323-350. This paper addresses some important issues raised by A TR harmony in Classical Manchu, formerly treated as front/back harmony. Here, the front high vowel [i] is totally inactive with respect to the harmony: it is transparent to the harmony, and further, it does not initiate the harmony. I will show that these properties of [i] will be properly explained if we allow underspecified [i] as an option for inputs and output candidate forms. Allowing underspecified [i] in fact accords more with basic notions of Optimality Theory (OT) such as Freedom of Analysis and Richness of the Base than the analyses that do not tolerate this possibility. I will further show that once we allow underspecified [i], its selection in output candidate forms or in input forms is totally governed by OT principles such as constraint interaction and Lexicon Optimization, respectively. (Hansung University)
Park, Jinbong,Jeon, Yong-Deok,Kim, Hye-Lin,Lim, Hara,Jung, Yunu,Youn, Dong-Hyun,Jeong, Mi-Young,Kim, Hyun-Ju,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Kim, Su-Jin,Hong, Seung-Heon,Um, Jae-Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2013 No.-
<P>Obesity has become a major health threat in developed countries. However, current medications for obesity are limited because of their adverse effects. Interest in natural products for the treatment of obesity is thus rapidly growing. Korean Medicine (KM) is characterized by the wide use of herbal formulas. However, the combination rule of herbal formulas in KM lacks experimental evidence. According to <I>Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica</I>, the earliest book of herbal medicine, <I>Veratrum nigrum</I> (VN) has antagonistic features against <I>Panax ginseng</I> (PG), and the PG-VN pair is strictly forbidden. In this study, we have shown the effects of PG, VN, and their combination on obesity in high-fat (HF) diet-induced obese mice and in 3T3-L1 cells. PG, VN, and PG-VN combination significantly reduced weight gain and the fat pad weight in HF diet-induced obese mice. They also significantly decreased lipid accumulation and the expressions of two major adipogenesis factors, PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I>, in 3T3-L1 cells. In addition, the PG-VN combination had synergistic effects compared with the mixture of extracts of PG and VN on inhibition of PPAR<I><I>γ</I></I> and C/EBP<I><I>α</I></I> expressions at lower doses. These results indicate a new potential anti-obese pharmacotherapy and also provide scientific evidence supporting the usage of herbal combinations instead of mixtures in KM.</P>
A Linear-Mode LiDAR Sensor Using a Multi-Channel CMOS Transimpedance Amplifier Array
Hong, Chaerin,Kim, Seung-Hoon,Kim, Ji-Hoon,Park, Sung Min IEEE 2018 IEEE Sensors Journal Vol. No.
<P>This paper presents a linear-mode optical sensor for the feasible applications of unmanned vehicle LiDAR systems, in which a pulsed-erbium fiber laser is exploited as a light source and a 16-channel transimpedance amplifier (TIA) array is utilized in an optical Rx module with low-cost InGaAs PIN photodiodes. In particular, a voltage-mode CMOS feedforward (VCF-TIA) is newly proposed to achieve twice higher transimpedance gain with lower noise and similar bandwidth characteristics than a conventional inverter TIA, thereby enabling longer detection. Test chips of the 16-channel VCF-TIA array realized in a standard 0.18- <TEX>$\mu \text{m}$</TEX> CMOS process demonstrate 76.3-dB <TEX>$\Omega $</TEX> transimpedance gain, 6.3-pA/sqrt(Hz) average noise current spectral density, less than −33-dB crosstalk between channels, and 29.8-mW power dissipation per channel from a single 1.8-V supply. Automatic gain control is also equipped to extend input dynamic range for near-range detection. Hence, the proposed linear-mode optical sensor clearly detects the reflected optical pulses from the target of 5% reflection rate within the range of 0.5–25 m.</P>
Human Keratin 14 Oriven HPV 16 E6/E7 Transgenic Mice Exhibit Hyperkeratinosis
Sung-Hyun Kim,Kil-Soo Kim,Eun-Ju Lee,Myoung-Ok Kim,Jun-Hong Park,Kyoung-In Cho,Kazuhliko Imakawa,Byung-Hwa Hyun,Kyu-Tae Chang,Hoon Taek Lee,Zae-Young Ryoo 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2004 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.28 No.2s
Production of Human Keratinocyte 14 Promoter Driven EC-SOD Transgenic Mice
Sung-Hyun Kim,Tae-Hoon Lee,Kil-Soo Kim,Eun-Ju Lee,Myoung-Ok Kim,Jun Hong Park,Kyoungin Cho,Boo K}rung Iung,Hee Chul Kim,Sol Ha Hwang,Hoon Taek Lee,Zae Young Ryoo 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2004 Reproductive & Developmental Biology(Supplement) Vol.28 No.2s
사면재해 방지를 위한 스프링 낙석방지울타리의 거동 해석
Sang Hoon Han,Ki Nam Hong 위기관리 이론과 실천 2015 Crisisonomy Vol.11 No.3
절토사면의 낙석 방지를 위해 설치되는 낙석방지울타리는 가장 일반적인 낙석 방지 시설중의 하나이다. 낙석방지울타리의 성능은 철망, 강재 지주, 와이어 로프의 성능을 합친 것으로 정의될 수 있다. 전형적인 낙석방지울타리는 이 부분들로 낙석 에너지를 흡수한다. 그러나, 기존 낙석방지울타리에는 작은 손실이 발생하더라도 울타리의 모든 구성 요소들을 새것으로 교체하여야 하는 문제점이 있다. 따라서, 본 연구의 목적은 와이어 로프와 강재 지주사이에 스프링 연결재를 사용함으로서 독립적인 거동을 하는 개선된 낙석방지울타리를 개발하는 것이다. 개선된 낙석방지울타리를 현실화시키기 위해서는 H빔 사이즈와 스프링 강성이 우선적으로 결정되어야 한다. 본 연구는 90kJ 충돌 에너지를 가지는 낙석에 견디는 스프링 연결 울타리를 개발하기 위해 유한요소해석을 사용하였다. 낙석 충돌 해석결과로부터 스프링 연결재 울타리의 도로방향 변형과 와이어로프 내력 모두 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. Rockfall barrier, which has been installed to prevent rockfall from cut slopes, is one of the most common rockfall protection measures. The capability of the rockfall barrier can be defined as sum of the energy absorption capability of wire mesh, steel support, and wire rope. The typical rockfall barrier absorbs energy of moving rock with these three parts. However, its parts should be changed with new ones although it is partially damaged by rockfall. Therefore, the aim of this study is to propose improved rockfall barriers with independent behavior by using spring-connections between wire rope and H-beam support. The size of H-beam support and spring stiffness should be preferentially determined for realizing the improved rockfall barrier system. This study used FEM analysis method to develope the spring-connections rockfall barriers against rockfall with impact energy 90 kJ. From FEM analysis results, it was confirmed that both road direction displacement and wire rope internal force of rockfall barriers with spring-connections was decreased. However, further study is required for various impact velocities and angles to evaluate the penetration and bounce of falling rocks.
Hong, Yong Sang,Lee, Jeeyun,Kim, Kyu-pyo,Lee, Jae-Lyun,Park, Young Suk,Park, Joon Oh,Park, Se Hoon,Kim, Sun Young,Baek, Ji Yeon,Kim, Jee Hyun,Lee, Keun-Wook,Kim, Tae-You,Kim, Tae Won M. Nijhoff ; Kluwer Academic Publishers 2013 Investigational new drugs Vol.31 No.1
<P>To investigate the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab beyond first progression combined with doublet chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.</P>