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Life Analysis and Reliability Prediction of Micro-Switches based on Life Prediction Method
Ji, Jung-Geon,Shin, Kun-Young,Lee, Duk-Gyu,Song, Moon-Shuk,Lee, Hi-Sung The Korean Society for Railway 2012 International Journal of Railway Vol.5 No.1
Reliability means that a product maintains its initial quality and performance at a certain period of time (time, distance, cycle etc) under given condition without failure. The given conditions include both environmental condition and operating condition. Environmental condition means a common natural environment such as temperature, humidity, vibration, and working condition means an artificial environment such as voltage, current load, place for installment, and hours of use, which occurs during the life of the product. In the field of railway vehicles, it is mandatory to use a part with the proved reliability as the extension of the life of vehicle become highly necessary. But the reliable assessment method for the reliability of the part is insufficient. If the reliability of the railway vehicle parts could be assessed by using the field data, the reliability of the entire system could also be evaluated reliably. In this study, life span of micro-switch for master controller is analyzed and prediction is performed based on its field data given by an operator considering the special circumstances of railway vehicles such as the operation of a large number of trains on the same line.
( Sang Duk Ji ),( Gyoo Byung Sung ),( Pil Don Kang ),( Kee Young Kim ),( Yong Soo Choi ),( Nam Suk Kim ),( Soon Ok Woo ),( Sang Mi Han ),( In Pyo Hong ),( Nam Gyu Ha ) 한국균학회 2011 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.39 No.3
This study was conducted to confirm the possible use of female Yangwonjam as a host for synnemata production of Isaria tenuipes in eight local areas in Korea. Silkworm pupation rate, infection rate and synnemata characteristics of I. tenuipes were examined. Normal silkworms had a higher pupation rate than silkworms inoculated with I. tenuipes. The pupae survival percentage of normal silkworm in cocoons was 92.5~97.6%, whereas it ranged from 91.1~95.6% in silkworms sprayed with I. tenuipes. Female Yangwonjam showed the highest survival percentage at 97.6% among the silkworm varieties tested. I. tenuipes infection rate of larvae of 5th instar newly-exuviated silkworms was 89.2~90.7% in the spring rearing season and 98.2~99.3% in the autumn rearing season. Synnemata production of I. tenuipes was excellent in female Yangwonjam with an incidence rate of 98.0% followed by male Yangwonjam (94.1%) and Baegokjam (93.3%) in the spring rearing season. Synnemata living weight ranged from 1.44~0.94 g in the spring rearing season. The female Yangwonjam had the heaviest synnemata weight (1.44 g) in the spring rearing season. The synnemata of I. tenuipes produced on pupae were white or milky-white in color, and were similar in shape and color to wild synnemata collected in Korea.
( Sung-eun Choi ),( Dong-jin Park ),( Ji-hyoun Kang ),( Kyung-eun Lee ),( Haimuzi Xu ),( Ji Shin Lee ),( Yoo-duk Choi ),( Shin-seok Lee ) 대한류마티스학회 2019 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.26 No.1
Objective. Although intravenous cyclophosphamide (IVC) is generally accepted as the standard therapy for induction treatment of active proliferative lupus nephritis (LN), several clinical trials have suggested that mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) is at least as effective as IVC. Because few Asian studies have compared the two treatment modalities, we compared the efficacies of MMF and IVC as LN remission induction treatments in Korean patients. Methods. We enrolled 39 patients with class III and IV LN who received MMF or IVC as LN induction therapy. The renal outcomes (i.e., complete response [CR], partial response [PR], and no response [NR]) at 6 and 12 months were defined using the ACR 2006 response criteria. Results. Of 39 patients, 23 (59.0%) were treated with IVC, and 16 (41.0%) were treated with MMF. Demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and adverse events did not significantly differ between the two groups. However, C3 levels were lower and activity scores in renal biopsy were higher in IVC-treated patients. CRs were achieved by 11 (47.8%) of the patients receiving IVC and 7 (43.8%) of the patients receiving MMF after 6 months of treatment (p=0.961) and by 11 (47.8%) of those who received IVC and 9 (56.2%) of those who received MMF at 12 months of treatment (p=0.713). Neither the PR rate nor the NR rate differed significantly at 6 or 12 months between the two groups. Conclusion. The efficacy of MMF does not differ from that of IVC in terms of induction of LN remission in Korean patients. (J Rheum Dis 2019;26:57-65)
( Sang Il Choi ),( Sun Young Kim ),( Ji Yeon Baek ),( Sung Chan Park ),( Jae Hwan Oh ),( Dae Yong Kim ),( Hee Jin Jang ),( Min Jung Kim ),( Seung Duk Lee ),( Sung Sik Han ),( Seoung Hoon Kim ),( Sang 대한내과학회 2014 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2014 No.1
Background: Perioperative chemotherapy is the standard treatment option for resectable colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM), but the optimal sequence of surgical and systemic treatment has been debated. We retrospectively examined progression free survival (PFS) and postoperative complications between patients who received preoperative chemotherapy and upfront surgery for resectable CRLM. Methods: Patients who underwent surgical resection for CRLM from Aug. 2001 to Apr. 2012 in National Cancer Center, Korea were identifi ed and their medical records were reviewed. They were classifi ed into two groups: patents who had preoperative chemotherapy (preCTx) and who underwent upfront liver resection (UFLR). Patients with < 6 liver metastases were included. Those who had major vessel invasion, extrahepatic metastasis, prior liver resection or other advanced malignancy were excluded.Results: Of the 451 patients who underwent liver resection, 333 who met above criteria were analyzed. 50 (15%) patients received preoperative chemotherapy followed by liver resection and 283(85%) patients underwent upfront surgery. Among those who had upfront surgery, 231(81.7%) patients received post-operative chemotherapy. There was no signifi cant difference in baseline characteristics including number and distribution of metastases, CEA, and proportion of patients who received prior or adjuvant chemotherapy, while R0 resection rate was higher in preCTx group (98% vs 89%, p = 0.04). 3-year PFS in preCTx and UFLR group were 22% versus 37% (p value = ). In multivariate analysis, number of liver metastasis, incomplete resection and synchronicity of metastasis were associated with poor PFS. There was no statistical difference in post-operative complications. Conclusions: Although R0 resection rate in preCTx group was signifi cantly higher than UFLR group, it did not affect PFS. Preoperative chemotherapy did not offer benefi t in terms of PFS and post-operative complications compared to upfront surgery.
( Ji Young Yang ),( Kyung Wook Jo ),( Seok Chan Hong ),( Bin Yoo ),( Chang Keun Lee ),( Yong Gil Kim ),( Suk Kyun Yang ),( Jeong Sik Byeon ),( Kyung Jo Kim ),( Byong Duk Ye ),( Sang Hyoung Park ),( Ta 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2014 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 추계학술대회 초록집 Vol.118 No.-
Background: Tumor necrosis factor antagonists are increasingly used to treat patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disease including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn’s disease, and ulcerative colitis. Because TNF-alpha is essential for the prevention of latent tuberculosis recrudescence, patients treated with TNF-alpha inhibitors are at increased risk of developing active TB. The time of initiating anti-TNF therapy following the induction of LTBI treatment is different depending on each nation’s guideline. We aimed to investigate the treatment outcome of patients with immune-mediated inflammatory disease who received anti- tumor necrosis factor therapy within 3 weeks of latent tuberculosis infection treatment. Methods: A total of 411 patients received LTBI treatment before commencing TNF antagonist between June 2004 and October 2013 at a tertiary referral center in South Korea. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age of the 411 study subjects was 44.5 years and 261(63.5%) were male. The underlying IMID was ankylosing spondylitis in 203(49.4%), rheumatoid arthritis in 136(33.3%) and inflammatory bowel diseases in 57(13.9%) patients. Anti-TNF agent was initiated in 61 patients(14.8%) within 3 weeks after chemoprophylaxis for LTBI, whereas 3 weeks later in remaining 350 patients( 85.2%). These two groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics, treatment regimens, anti-TNF agents used and follow-up duration except significant difference of the mean duration of LTBI treatment before starting anti-TNF therapy(8 vs. 30 days, p < 0.001). A total of 6 patients developed TB during follow-up period. All of these patients received anti-TNF agents 3 weeks after initiation of LTBI treatment. None in the patients who commenced TNF antagonist within 3 weeks of LTBI treatment developed TB. Conclusions: The present study suggested that TNF antagonist may be initiated within 3 weeks of LTBI treatment in patients with IMID.