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Bergman Ola,Lindqvist Bjorn,Bengtsson Sven 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1
Powder grades pre-alloyed with 1.5-3 wt% chromium can be successfully sintered at the conventional temperature although well-monitored sintering atmospheres are required to avoid oxidation. Mechanical properties of the Cr-alloyed PM grades are enhanced by a higher sintering temperature in the range , due to positive effects from pore rounding, increased density and more effective oxide reduction. Astaloy CrM (Fe-3 wt% Cr-0.5 wt% Mo) with 0.6 wt% graphite added obtains an ultimate tensile strength of 1470 MPa and an impact strength of 31 J at density , after sintering at followed by cooling at and tempering.
Continuous Improvement and Its Roots in Pragmatic Philosophy
Bergman, Bo,Mauleon, Christina The Korean Society for Quality Management 2003 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.4 No.1
Continuous Improvement is a central concept in the quality movement. In almost all descriptions of quality initiatives Continuous Improvement is central. Even in ISO 9000:2000 that has been recognised. In this paper we will discuss the role of continuous Improvement within the quality movement, its relation to knowledge management and, especially, its origin in pragmatic philosophy.
( Bo Bergman ),( Andreas Hellstrom ),( Svante Lifvergren ) 한국품질경영학회 2015 한국품질경영학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.2
Purpose - Quality improvement programs are still quite rare in healthcare, and often healthcare professionals that are given roles like ―quality managers”, ―organization development” or ―improvement leaders” do not have a common understanding of a basic underlying theory of quality improvement. As Deming, inspired by the pragmatic philosopher C I Lewis, said: ―Without a theory experiences teaches nothing”. In 2003 the Division of Quality Sciences at Chalmers was asked to provide a common theory to quality managers and improvement leaders - an academic course (30 ECTS) was created. Based on the very positive responses from the participants of this course and their employers we decided to create a Centre for Healthcare Improvement (CHI) at Chalmers with a focus on research and education with a pronounced objective to make a difference to healthcare organizations especially in the region of Vastra Gotaland. From these experiences we want to suggest that education could be used as a catalyst for healthcare transformation. Methodology - Since the starting point of the educational initiative in 2004 we have followed the development of improvement activities and educational initiatives in the surrounding healthcare system, i.e. the Vastra Gotaland region with special emphasis on the Skaraborg hospital group and the Regional Cancer Centre Vast as cases. Findings - Education has been at the core of the initiative at CHI and a lot of improvement activities have been catalysed through the course participants and their organizations. A research program with an action research profile supporting healthcare transformation has been created. The education together with this research has created a snowball effect leading to many improvement projects and a shift towards an improvement, process oriented and customer/patient focused culture in the participating healthcare organizations. Originality - In today´s search for remedies of the emerging health care crisis new ways of improving healthcare are needed. Education has been suggested as an important possibility. However, few long term results have been published - especially not long term effects from continual education in improvement science. The contribution herein gives a contribution to the literature on improvement science and corresponding education initiatives.
Continuous Improvement and Its Roots in Pragmatic Philosophy
Bo, Bergman,Christina, Maule'on 한국품질경영학회 2003 The Asian Journal on Quality Vol.4 No.1
Continuous Improvement is a central concept in the quality movement. In almost all descriptions of quality initiatives Continuous Improvement is central. Even in ISO 9000:2000 that has been recognised. In this paper we will discuss the role of Continuous Improvement within the quality movement, its relation to knowledge management and, especially, its origin in pragmatic philosophy.
Expansionary Fiscal Contractions: Re-evaluating the Danish Case
U. Michael Bergman,Michael M. Hutchison 한국국제경제학회 2010 International Economic Journal Vol.24 No.1
The Expansionary Fiscal Contraction (EFC) hypothesis predicts that a major fiscal consolidation leads to an economic expansion under certain circumstances. We test this hypothesis, and the implied non-linear responses of the economy to large and small changes in fiscal policy, using data from the 1983 Danish fiscal reform. We use a structural VAR/event study methodology following Blanchard and Perotti (2002) that explicitly allows us to distinguish between normally marginal changes in fiscal policy and comprehensive fiscal reforms. We find that 'marginal changes' in fiscal policy (expenditure and tax changes) have the expected Keynesian effects on output and consumption. However, we find no evidence that the large fiscal consolidation in Denmark slowed the economy after controlling for a host of exogenous shocks and business cycle effects. Rather, we find some support for the hypothesis that the exogenous fiscal contraction in Denmark was a credible regime shift and, together with other reforms undertaken at the time, increased both private consumption and aggregate output.