Honey Bee Virus Detection on Tropilaelaps and Varroa Mites in Chiang Mai Thailand

Hlaing MinOo,Parawee Kanjanaprachoat,Tipwan Suppasat,Siriwat Wongsiri 한국양봉학회 2018 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

Chicken Egg Yolk Antibodies (IgY) for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Rotavirus Diarrhea in Human and Animal Neonates: A Concise Review

Hlaing Myat Thu,Theingi Win Myat,Mo Mo Win,Kyaw Zin Thant,Shofiqur Rahman,Kouji Umeda,Sa Van Nguyen,Faustino C. Icatlo Jr,Kyoko Higo-moriguchi 한국축산식품학회 2017 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.37 No.1

The rotavirus-induced diarrhea of human and animal neonates is a major public health concern worldwide. Until recently, no effective therapy is available to specifically inactivate the rotavirion particles within the gut. Passive immunotherapy by oral administration of chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) has emerged of late as a fresh alternative strategy to control infectious diseases of the alimentary tract and has been applied in the treatment of diarrhea due to rotavirus infection. The purpose of this concise review is to evaluate evidence on the properties and performance of anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin Y (IgY) for prevention and treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in human and animal neonates. A survey of relevant anti-rotavirus IgY basic studies and clinical trials among neonatal animals (since 1994-2015) and humans (since 1982-2015) have been reviewed and briefly summarized. Our analysis of a number of rotavirus investigations involving animal and human clinical trials revealed that anti-rotavirus IgY significantly reduced the severity of clinical manifestation of diarrhea among IgY-treated subjects relative to a corresponding control or placebo group. The accumulated information as a whole depicts oral IgY to be a safe and efficacious option for treatment of rotavirus diarrhea in neonates. There is however a clear need for more randomized, placebo controlled and double- blind trials with bigger sample size to further solidify and confirm claims of efficacy and safety in controlling diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection especially among human infants with health issues such as low birth weights or compromised immunity in whom it is most needed.

열대 활엽수 목재와 비 열대 침엽수 목재의 대체가능성 -한국, 일본, 영국, 미국 등 4개국을 중심으로

( Hlaing Min Maung ),( Yeo Chang Youn ) 한국임학회 2006 한국임학회 정기학술발표논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

Mutations in Streptomycin Resistance Genes and Their Relationship to Streptomycin Resistance and Lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Thai Isolates

Hlaing, Yin Moe,Tongtawe, Pongsri,Tapchaisri, Pramuan,Thanongsaksrikul, Jeeraphong,Thawornwan, Unchana,Archanachan, Buppa,Srimanote, Potjanee The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2017 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.80 No.2

Background: Streptomycin (SM) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a part of standard regimens for retreating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases. The incidence of MDR-TB in retreatment cases was 19% in Thailand. To date, information on SM resistance (SMR) gene mutations correlated to the SMR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Thai isolates is limited. In this study, the mutations in rpsL, rrs, gidB, and whiB7 were investigated and their association to SMR and the lineage of M. tuberculosis were explored. Methods: The lineages of 287 M. tuberculosis collected from 2007 to 2011 were identified by spoligotyping. Drug susceptibility profiles were evaluated by the absolute concentration method. Mutations in SMR genes of 46 SM-resistant and 55 SM-susceptible isolates were examined by DNA sequencing. Results: Three rpsL (Lys43Arg, Lys88Arg, and Lys88Thr) and two gidB (Trp45Ter and Gly69Asp) mutations were present exclusively in the SM resistant M. tuberculosis. Lys43Arg rpsL was the most predominant SMR mutations (69.6%) and prevailed among Beijing isolates (p<0.001). No SMR-related mutation in was found rrs. The combination of rpsL and gidB mutations provided 76.1% sensitivity for detecting SMR in M. tuberculosis Thai isolates. whiB7 was not responsible for SMR in SM resistant isolates lacking rpsL and rrs mutations. The significance of the three gidB mutations, 276A>C, 615A>G, and 330G>T, as lineage signatures for Beijing and EAI were underscored. This study identified 423G>A gidB as a novel sub-lineage marker for EAI6-BGD1. Conclusion: Our study suggested that the majority of SMR in M. tuberculosis Thai isolates were responsible by rpsL and gidB polymorphisms constantly providing the novel lineage specific makers.

Association of farmers’ knowledge, attitude and practices with bovine brucellosis seroprevalence in Myanmar

Hlaing Su Su,Kubota Satoko,Makita Kohei,Win Ye Tun,Myint Hnin Thidar,Kono Hiroichi 아세아·태평양축산학회 2024 Animal Bioscience Vol.37 No.3

Objective: This study aimed to identify the relationship between bovine brucellosis prevalence, farmers’ knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP), and social factors on migratory draft cattle and smallholder dairy farms in the central dry zone of Myanmar. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 54 migratory and 38 dairy cattle farms between August 2020 and February 2021. A structured questionnaire was used to identify farmers’ behaviors. Bulk milk was sampled and tested using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA). STATA 17 was used for all the analyses. Results: Migratory cattle farms had a higher farm level brucellosis prevalence (14.8%) than dairy farms (2.6%; χ2 = 3.75; df = 1; p = 0.05). Only 2.8% of the farmers had knowledge about brucellosis, while 39.1% and 41.6% had attitudes and farm practices with respect to brucellosis, respectively in the study area. Socio-economic attribute of training in animal husbandry (p<0.01), raising system (p<0.01), practice of separating the aborted cow (p<0.01) were negatively associated to brucellosis. The overall farm level brucellosis prevalence was strongly associated with cattle herd size (p = 0.01), free movement grazing practices (p<0.01), practice of self-removal of placental debris without using personal protective equipment (p<0.01) and farmers' attitudes towards eating cow placenta debris (p<0.01). Conclusion: Farmers had little knowledge of brucellosis. Attitudes and practices differed significantly between migratory and dairy farmers. Training and extension programs are necessary to make farmers aware of their KAP situation since livestock migration and the custom of eating cow placental debris contribute to the spread of brucellosis. Persistent efforts are required to reduce the adverse effects of brucellosis. Therefore, the study suggests that a feasible control intervention and public awareness campaigns need to be conducted regarding methods of preventing human exposure to brucellosis.

Morphological Prevalence on Characterization of Varroa Mites from Myanmar

Hlaing MinOo,Dong-Won Kim,Peter Njukang Akongte,Dae-Geun Oh,Min-Woong Son,Bo-sun Park,Su-bae Kim,You-young Jo,Chang-Hoon Lee,Yong-Soo Choi 한국양봉학회 2023 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.38 No.4

Varroosis is a common disease affecting honeybees worldwide, caused by Varroa destructor mites. This external parasite infects Apis mellifera worker, drone, queen, larvae, and pupae, causing lower survival rates and colony density. The study measured the width, length, and distance of various aspects of 200 Varroa mite samples. This study examined female V. destructor mites from four groups of Varroa infestation areas such as Nay Pyi Taw (NPT), Magway Region (MGW), Shan State (SHN) and Saggaing Region (SGG). And study the variance in the 18 morphological characters of female Varroa mites. The results showed that SHN and SGG had significantly larger genitoventral shields (p<0.05) than NPT and MGW. They also had significantly larger plural shields (p<0.05) than MGW. The distance between anal setae, tarsus IV, macrochaeta IV, and hypostome setae was also significantly larger in SHN and SGG. The percentage of mite infestations is SSG 95.2%, SHN 3.2%, MGW 1.5%, and NPT 0.1%. Female Varroa mites from infected drone broods of colonies exhibit the most significant variance in morphological measurements.

A Review of Current Beekeeping Status in Myanmar

MinOo Hlaing,Dongwon Kim,Su Bae Kim,Bo Sun Kim,Yong-Soo Choi 한국양봉학회 2023 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.38 No.3

Beekeeping in Myanmar began with traditional beekeeping, and modern Apis mellifera beekeeping was introduced in 1979. In ten States and Regions, commercial beekeeping for A. mellifera is practiced, as well as wild beekeeping for Apis cerana, wild bee hunting for Apis dorsata, Apis laboriosa, and wild bee harvesting for Apis florea. Wild bees and small-scale beekeeping are found in five other states and regions. A total of 5,000 Metric Tons of honey are produced annually. The cost of 1 kg of honey is between 4,500 and 5,000 MMK (2 USD). For A. mellifera honey, the price per metric ton is between 1,800 and 2,000 US dollars. There are five basic categories of honey, including multifloral, rubber, Niger, sunflower, and jujube honey. From the regions of Mandalay, Sagaing, and Magway, special Jujube honey is produced. from the regions of Sagaing and Mandalay, sunflower honey. Niger Honey from Shan, Kachin, and the Sagaing Region. Rubber honey from the Kayin, Mon, and Bago states. In Myanmar, there are 200,000 bee colonies, comprising old-fashioned and contemporary hives. The black queen cell virus diseases, deform wing virus diseases, acute bee paralysis virus diseases, varroa mites infection, and tropilaelaps mites infection are the most prevalent illnesses and pests for the beekeeping industries in Myanmar.

Renal cell carcinoma metastasizing to the myeloproliferative bone marrow

Thein Hlaing Oo,Roberto Nicolas Miranda 대한혈액학회 2018 Blood Research Vol.53 No.1

A Study on Design of Robotic Gripper and Cutting Tool for Mango Fruit Harvesting

( Soe Hlaing ),( Yong-tae Kim ) 한국농공학회 2018 한국농공학회 학술대회초록집 Vol.2018 No.-

Nowadays, decreasing labor populations due to a variety of reasons has led to the increase in labor costs, high input energy consumption and other problems. To solve this challenging task, providing long term and high-tech alternatives is required to boost the efficiency and profitability of the farmers. Hence an automated system that is low cost and easy to use is to be provided. The main objectives are gather all information on fruit harvesting grippers; focus on the technical developments and discuss the future prospects of mango fruit harvesting gripper for robot. Approaches the design problem of suitable grippers for a robotic arm to pluck mango fruit in horticulture. General considerations have been pointed out. Main concepts and mechanical designs have been discussed and proposed by sketches and drawings for an easy understanding of problems and feasible solutions. The mechanical system represents a picking system which composed of two parts; the first part is aimed at grasping the mango and the second part is aimed at cutting the stem of mango from plant. These both parts show the concept of the new gripping and cutting tool designed to harvest the mango. I used the gear gripper of translation movement with two fingers. The mechanism of end-effector is determined by operation and biological characteristics of the target object. A spoon-shaped end-effector is designed according to biological characteristics of spherical fruit, which are picked by means of cutting off the stalk. The end-effector contained the following parts: a gripper to grasp the fruit and a scissor cutting device to separate the fruit from the stalk. Used of CM 530 controller to control the dynamixel servo motors for opening and closing of gripper and cutter rotating. During the process of clamping the fruit, it required pressure sensor to control the grasping force accurately. In addition, the rotation of arm, its traveling position and accurate capture also required the position sensor to detect and locate fruit.

Determinants of Myanmar’s Trade Pattern and Policy Implications for Effective Financing

Yuzana Hlaing,오진환(Jinhwan Oh),박경민(Kyungmin Park) People&Global Business Association 2021 Global Business and Finance Review Vol.26 No.3

Purpose: This study examines Myanmar’s international trade pattern in terms of suggesting strategies to accelerate the country’s economic growth. Design/methodology/approach: This study uses a panel dataset of Myanmar’s 85 trading partners covering a period of a 25-year period (1994-2018). An empirical analysis based on the gravity model is conducted. Findings: T he empirical results a re basically consistent with t he prediction of t he gravity model, and ASEAN+6 turns out to be the most effective economic bloc among regional dummies. Further comparison between Myanmar’s actual and predicted trade flows showed its economic contact with neighboring countries was under-represented. Research limitations/implications: It is recommended for Myanmar to promote regional economic cooperation with neighboring South Asian and ASEAN members based on the perspective that regional competitiveness is in line with national competitiveness. Originality/value: Given the current military coup and potential economic sanctions from the international community, this study is timely and expected to have significant contributions to the literature.