Effects of Lactobacillus salivarius Ren on cancer prevention and intestinal microbiota in 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat model

Ming Zhang,Xing Fan,Bing Fang,Chengzhen Zhu,Jun Zhu,Fazheng Ren 한국미생물학회 2015 The journal of microbiology Vol.53 No.6

Probiotics have been suggested as a prophylactic measure in colon cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Lactobacillus salivarius Ren (Ren) in modulating colonic microbiota structure and colon cancer incidence in a rat model after injection with 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH). The results indicated that oral administration of Ren could effectively suppress DMH-induced colonic carcinogenesis. A significant decrease in cancer incidence (87.5% to 25%) was detected in rats fed with a dose of 5 × 1010 CFU/kg bodyweight per day. Using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and Real-time PCR combined with multivariate statistical methods, we demonstrated that injection with DMH significantly altered the rat gut microbiota, while Ren counteracted these DMH-induced adverse effects and promoted reversion of the gut microbiota close to the healthy state. Tvalue biplots followed by band sequencing identified 21 bacterial strains as critical variables affected by DMH and Ren. Injection of DMH significantly increased the amount of Ruminococcus species (sp.) and Clostridiales bacteria, as well as decreasing the Prevotella sp. Administration of Ren reduced the amount of Ruminococcus sp., Clostridiales bacteria, and Bacteroides dorei, and increased the amount of Prevotella. Real-time PCR results were consistent with the results derived by t-value biplots. These findings suggested that Ren is a potential agent for colon cancer prevention. In conclusion, the results in the present study suggest a potential therapeutic approach based on the modulation of intestinal microflora by probiotics may be beneficial in the prevention of colorectal carcinogenesis.

Lactobacillus salivarius REN Counteracted Unfavorable 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide-Induced Changes in Colonic Microflora of Rats

Ming Zhang,Xuewei Qiao,Liang Zhao,Lu Jiang,Fazheng Ren 한국미생물학회 2011 The journal of microbiology Vol.49 No.6

Probiotics and carcinogens both have a significant effect on the microfloral composition of the human intestine. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of an important carcinogen, 4-Nitroquinoline-1- Oxide on colonic microflora and the efficacy of the probiotic Lactobacillus salivarius REN as an agent of counteracting these effects. Using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) combined with redundancy analysis, we demonstrated that both 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide and L. salivarius REN significantly altered the bacterial communities of rat colons. A total of 27 bacterial strains were identified as being affected by treatment with 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide or L. salivarius REN using a t-value biplot combined with band sequencing. 4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide treatment increased the abundance of two potential pathogens (one Helicobacter strain and one Desulfovibrio strain), as well as reducing the abundance of two potentially beneficial strains (one Ruminococcaceae strain and one Rumen bacteria). The Helicobacter strain was initally detected in carcinogen-treated rat intestinal microflora, but L. salivarius REN treatment effectively suppressed the growth of the Helicobacter strain. These results suggested that L. salivarius REN may be a potential probiotic, efficiently acting against the initial infection with, and the growth of pathogenic bacteria.

Spatial Analysis of Rural Medical Facilities Using Huff Model : A Case Study of Lankao County, Henan Province

Pengyan Zhang,,Xing Ren,Qianqian Zhang,Jianjian He,Yongmin Chen 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.1

Rural health care reformed in the new situation in China, indicating that the construction of medical facilities not only to solve difficult medical problems, but also to take into account the efficiency and fairness of the use of medical resources allocation. Facing these problems, the paper aims to assess the spatial distribution of rural medical services by using geographic information systems (GIS) and spatial accessibility indexes. Lankao County in Henan Province and 21 hospitals of township and county are selected as study samples. First adopted ArcGIS10.0 to collate data. Second, the authors established a network dataset to analysis the maximum coverage for hospital services space accessibility. At last, established Huff model and built a scientific evaluation for the current hospitals’ distribution. There are several findings from the case study. First, the distribution of medical facility is unbalanced in rural areas in term of per capita, such as opportunity for assessing medical services and the convenience of utilizing medical services. Second, by using the Huff Model to calculate the potential population in service regions, the Huff Model to calculate the potential population in service regions, the results showed the low efficiency of the use of medical resources and the problems in these regions.

Which Indicator Among Lumbar Vertebral Hounsfield Unit, Vertebral Bone Quality, or Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry-Measured Bone Mineral Density Is More Efficacious in Predicting Thoracolumbar Fragility Fractures?

Bo Zhang,Lu-Ping Zhou,Xian-Liang Zhang,Dui Li,Jia-Qi Wang,Chong-Yu Jia,Hua-Qing Zhang,Liang Kang,Ren-Jie Zhang,Cai-Liang Shen 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Hounsfield units (HU), vertebral bone quality (VBQ), and bone mineral density (BMD) can all serve as predictive indicators for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. This study aims to explore which indicator provides better risk prediction for thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Methods: Patients who have received medical attention from The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University for thoracolumbar fragility fractures were selected. A total of 78 patients with thoracolumbar fragility fractures were included in the study. To establish a control group, 78 patients with degenerative spinal diseases were matched to the fracture group on the basis of gender, age, and body mass index. The lumbar vertebral HU, the VBQ, and the BMD were obtained for all the 156 patients through computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The correlations among these parameters were analyzed. The area under curve (AUC) analysis was employed to assess the predictive efficacy and thresholds of lumbar vertebral HU, VBQ, and BMD in relation to the risk of thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Results: Among the cohort of 156 patients, lumbar vertebral HU exhibited a positive correlation with BMD (p < 0.01). Conversely, VBQ showed a negative correlation with HU, BMD (p < 0.05). HU and BMD displayed a favorable predictive efficacy for thoracolumbar fragility fractures (p < 0.01), with HU (AUC = 0.863) showcasing the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the DEXA-measured BMD (AUC = 0.813). VBQ (AUC = 0.602) ranked lowest among the 3 indicators. The thresholds for predicting thoracolumbar fragility fractures were as follows: HU (88),VBQ (3.37), and BMD (0.81). Conclusion: All 3 of these indicators, HU, VBQ, and BMD, can predict thoracolumbar fragility fractures. Notably, lumbar vertebral HU exhibits the highest predictive efficacy, followed by the BMD obtained through DEXA scanning, with VBQ demonstrating the lowest predictive efficacy.

Residual Magnetic Flux Density Distribution Calculation Considering Effect of Aligning Field for Anisotropic Bonded NdFeB Magnets

Zhang, Dianhai,Han, Yu,Ren, Ziyan,Zhang, Yanli,Koh, Chang-Seop The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2016 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.11 No.5

<P>This paper presents a calculation method of residual magnetic flux density distribution for a four-pole anisotropic bonded NdFeB permanent magnet (PM) considering the effect of aligning magnetic field during the forming process. To manufacture the anisotropic bonded NdFeB magnet, the magnet powder needs to be aligned with a proper aligning field before magnetizing. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the magnetizing process based on the aligning field analysis to determine accurate distribution of residual magnetic flux density (Br) for the anisotropic bonded NdFeB PM. In order to estimate the Br distribution of the anisotropic bonded NdFeB magnet, an analysis method by combining the external electric circuit equation coupled with the transient finite element method and the scalar Jiles-Atherton hysteresis model is proposed.</P>

The role of titanium nitride supports for single-atom platinum-based catalysts in fuel cell technology

Zhang, Ren-Qin,Lee, Tae-Hun,Yu, Byung-Deok,Stampfl, Catherine,Soon, Aloysius The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Physical chemistry chemical physics Vol.14 No.48

<P>As a first step towards a microscopic understanding of single-Pt atom-dispersed catalysts on non-conventional TiN supports, we present density-functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate the adsorption properties of Pt atoms on the pristine TiN(100) surface, as well as the dominant influence of surface defects on the thermodynamic stability of platinized TiN. Optimized atomic geometries, energetics, and analysis of the electronic structure of the Pt/TiN system are reported for various surface coverages of Pt. We find that atomic Pt does not bind preferably to the clean TiN surface, but under typical PEM fuel cell operating conditions, <I>i.e.</I> strongly oxidizing conditions, TiN surface vacancies play a crucial role in anchoring the Pt atom for its catalytic function. Whilst considering the energetic stability of the Pt/TiN structures under varying N conditions, embedding Pt at the surface N-vacancy site is found to be the most favorable under N-lean conditions. Thus, the system of embedding Pt at the surface N-vacancy sites on TiN(100) surfaces could be promising catalysts for PEM fuel cells.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Surface nitrogen vacancies in single-atom platinized titanium nitride (Pt/TiN) offer an alternative way to design cost-effective and durable Pt-based nanocatalysts for low-temperature PEMFC applications. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2cp41392b'> </P>

Synthesis and Anti-HIV Evaluation of the Novel 2-(m-Chlorobenzyl)-4-substituted-7- methyl-1, 1, 3-trioxo-pyrazolo[4, 5-e] [1, 2, 4]thiadiazines

Ren-Zhang Yan,Xin-Yong Liu,Wen-Fang Xu,Christophe Pannecouque,Myriam Witvrouw,Erik De Clercq 대한약학회 2006 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.29 No.11

A novel series of 2-(m-Chlorobenzyl)-4-substituted-1, 1, 3-trioxo-2H, 4H-pyrazolo[4, 5-e][1, 2, 4] thiadiazines (7a-k) were synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-HIV replication in MT-4 cell cultures. Compound (7a) showed activity against HIV-1-induced cytopathicity, with an EC50 value of 45.6 μM, but none of the compounds exhibited inhibitory activity against HIV-2.

Surface modified cellulose nanocrystals for tailoring interfacial miscibility and microphase separation of polymer nanocomposites

Zhang, Jinlong,Li, Mei-Chun,Zhang, Xiuqiang,Ren, Suxia,Dong, Lili,Lee, Sunyoung,Cheng, H. N.,Lei, Tingzhou,Wu, Qinglin Springer-Verlag 2019 CELLULOSE Vol.26 No.7

A Novel Subdivision-Based Optimal Design Algorithm for Multidimensional Electromagnetic Problems

Ren, Ziyan,Shan, Yu,Zhang, Dianhai,Zhang, Yanli,Koh, Chang-Seop IEEE 2015 IEEE transactions on magnetics Vol.51 No.11

<P>For the large-scale electromagnetic problems, the existing optimization methods normally cannot search for a global optimal solution in the design space accurately and have a lower numerical efficiency. In order to mitigate these problems, this paper presents a novel optimal design algorithm based on the subdivision strategy. In the proposed algorithm, first, the whole design space is decomposed into a set number of subregions. Correspondingly, the problem is optimized simultaneously by applying any global optimizer to each subregion. The utilization of subregion strategy in the global optimizers can guarantee a faster convergence and a wider diversity of solutions. The implementation of parallel optimization will effectively reduce the expensive computational cost, especially for the design of the large-scale/multidimensional electromagnetic problems. Finally, the numerical efficiency and the searching ability of the proposed algorithm are validated through applications to two multidimensional electromagnetic problems. One is the design of a superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system, and the other is the design of a Thomson-coil actuator used in the arc eliminator system.</P>

Optimization for Scenedesmus obliquus Cultivation: the Effects of Temperature, Light Intensity and pH on Growth and Biochemical Composition

Zhang, Yonggang,Ren, Li,Chu, Huaqiang,Zhou, Xuefei,Yao, Tianming,Zhang, Yalei The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnol 2019 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.47 No.4

Microalgae have been explored as potential host species for biofuel production. Environmental factors affect algal growth and cellular composition. The effects of several key environmental factors, such as temperature, light, and pH of the medium on the growth and biochemical composition of Scenedesmus obliquus were investigated in this study. The highest growth rate of microalgae was observed at an optimal temperature of 25℃, 150 μmol/(m²·s) light intensity, and pH 10.0. The biochemical composition analysis revealed that the carbohydrate content decreased at lower (20℃) or higher temperature (35℃), whereas the protein and lipid contents increase at these temperatures. The fluctuation of light intensity significantly affected the contents of protein, carbohydrate, and lipid. The protein levels varied greatly when the pH of the medium was below 7.0. The carbohydrate and lipid contents significantly increased at pH above 7.0.