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Soybean meal substitution by dehulled lupine (Lupinus angustifolius) with enzymes in broiler diets
Fredy Mera-Zuniga,Arturo Pro-Martinez,Juan F Zamora-Natera,Eliseo Sosa-Montes,Juan D Guerrero-Rodriguez,Sergio I Mendoza-Pedroza,Juan M Cuca-Garcia,Rosa M Lopez-Romero,David Chan-Diaz,Carlos M Becerri 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.4
Objective: Evaluate the effects of i) dehulling of lupine seed on chemical composition and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and ii) soybean meal substitution by dehulled lupine seed in broiler diets with enzymes on productive performance, size of digestive organs and welfare-related variables. Methods: Experiment 1, chemical composition and AME were determined in whole and dehulled lupine seed. Experiment 2, two hundred eighty-eight one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used. The experimental diets were maize-soybean meal (MS), MS with enzymes (MSE) and maize-dehulled lupine seed with enzymes (MLE). Diets were assigned to the experimental units under a completely randomized design (eight replicates per diet). The body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, feed conversion, digestive organ weights, gait score, latency to lie down and valgus/varus angulation were evaluated. Results: The dehulling process increased protein (25.0% to 31.1%), AME (5.9 to 8.8 MJ/kg) and amino acid contents. The BW gain of broilers fed the MLE diet was similar (p>0.05) to that of those fed the MS diet, but lower than that of those fed the MSE diet. Feed intake of broilers fed the MLE diet was higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS diet and similar (p>0.05) to those fed the MSE diet. Feed conversion of broilers fed the MLE diet was 8.0% and 8.7% higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS and MSE diets, respectively. Broilers fed the MLE diet had the highest (p<0.05) relative proventriculus and gizzard weights, but had poor welfare-related variables. Conclusion: It is possible to substitute soybean meal by dehulled lupine seed with enzymes in broiler diets, obtaining similar BW gains in broilers fed the MLE and MS diets; however, a higher feed intake is required. Additionally, the MLE diet reduced welfare-related variables.
Detecting Malware in Cyberphysical Systems Using Machine Learning: a Survey
( Montes F. ),( Bermejo J. ),( Sánchez L. E. ),( Bermejo J. R. ),( Sicilia J. A. ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2021 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.15 No.3
Among the scientific literature, it has not been possible to find a consensus on the definition of the limits or properties that allow differentiating or grouping the cyber-physical systems (CPS) and the Internet of Things (IoT). Despite this controversy the papers reviewed agree that both have become crucial elements not only for industry but also for society in general. The impact of a malware attack affecting one of these systems may suppose a risk for the industrial processes involved and perhaps also for society in general if the system affected is a critical infrastructure. This article reviews the state of the art of the application of machine learning in the automation of malware detection in cyberphysical systems, evaluating the most representative articles in this field and summarizing the results obtained, the most common malware attacks in this type of systems, the most promising algorithms for malware detection in cyberphysical systems and the future lines of research in this field with the greatest potential for the coming years.
Demonstration of optical interference filters utilizing tunable refractive index layers
Poxson, David J.,Mont, Frank W.,Schubert, Martin F.,Kim, Jong Kyu,Cho, Jaehee,Schubert, E. Fred The Optical Society 2010 Optics express Vol.18 No.suppl4
<P>Optical interference filters utilizing tunable refractive index layers are shown to have higher spectral fidelity as compared to conventional filters consisting of non-tunable refractive index layers. To demonstrate this increase in spectral fidelity, we design and compare a variety of optical interference filters employing both tunable and non-tunable refractive index layers. Additionally, a five-layer optical interference filter utilizing tunable refractive index layers is designed and fabricated for use with a Xenon lamp to replicate the Air Mass 0 solar irradiance spectrum and is shown to have excellent spectral fidelity.</P>
Modelling and Simulation of the Electrical Resistance Sintering Process of Iron Powders
J. M. Montes,F. G. Cuevas,F. J. V. Reina,F. Ternero,R. Astacio,E. S. Caballero,J. Cintas 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.7
In this paper, the process known as Electrical Resistance Sintering under Pressure is modelled, simulated and validated. Thisconsolidation technique consists of applying a high-intensity electrical current to a metallic powder mass under compression. The Joule effect acts heating and softening the powders at the time that pressure deforms and makes the powder mass todensify. The proposed model is numerically solved by the finite elements method, taking into account the electrical–thermal–mechanical coupling present in the process. The theoretical predictions are validated with data recorded by sensorsinstalled in the electrical resistance sintering equipment during experiments with iron powders. The reasonable agreementbetween the theoretical and experimental curves regarding the overall porosity and electrical resistance suggests that themodel reproduces the main characteristics of the process. Also, metallographic studies on porosity distribution confirm themodel theoretical predictions. Once confirmed the model and simulator efficiency, the evolution of the temperature and theporosity fields in the powder mass and in the rest of elements of the system can be predicted. The influences of the processingparameters (intensity, time and pressure) as well as the die material are also analyzed and discussed.