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Frequencies of Aggressive Behaviors in Win, Lose, and Tie Situations
( S. M. VaezMousavi ),( M. Shojaie ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2005 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.17 No.1
Results from previous studies on aggression-performance relationships in sport may have not been simply approved, since they have been based on the results of whole games and seasons. The present study examined scores of the games at the time aggressive behaviors occurred and compared their frequencies in three situations: when team was ahead (win), behind (loss), or equal (tie) in scores; both in girls and boys. The present paper argues that if there is any relationship between aggressive behavior and the results, it should be found when the aggressive behavior is taking place; meaning the end outcome of the game may not be a good indicator of the situation in which aggressive behavior occurs. All competitions in 2004 nation high schools championship (including 115 teams, 302 matches, and 1531 players in volleyball, basketball, handball, football, and futsal) were closely observed and their aggressive and assertive behaviors were recorded. Results indicated that both sex committed more goal aggressions in loss, win, and tie situations, respectively. It was also found that the frequencies of aggressive and assertive behavior were lower in tie situation, comparing to win/lose situation; and that girls showed less goal aggression than boys. The results were discussed in relation to their significance in the context of frustration-aggression hypothesis and showed that aggressive behaviors also occur to prevent losing.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR : High Levels of Anti-Heat Shock Protein 27 Antibody in Pemphigus Vulgaris
Mohammad Javad Yazdanpanah,Ali Reza Taji,Zari Javidi,Fakhrozaman Pezeshkpoor,Amir Ali Rahsepar,Shima Tavallaie,Akram Momenzadeh,Saber Shojaie Noori,Mohsen Khoddami,Sara Rahsepar,Majid Ghayour M 대한피부과학회 2013 Annals of Dermatology Vol.25 No.2