Association between PM2.5 exposure and risk of Parkinson’s disease in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwan: a nested case-control study

Ci-Wen Luo(Ci-Wen Luo),Yu-Hsiang Kuan(Yu-Hsiang Kuan),Wen-Ying Chen(Wen-Ying Chen),Chun-Jung Chen(Chun-Jung Chen),Frank Cheau-Feng Lin(Frank Cheau-Feng Lin ),Stella Chin-Shaw Tsai(Stella Chin-Shaw Tsa 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

OBJECTIVES: This cohort study investigated the correlation between Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk under particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure. METHODS: Data from the National Health Research Institutes of Taiwan were used in this study. The Environmental Protection Administration of Taiwan established an air quality monitoring network for monitoring Taiwan’s general air quality. COPD was indicated by at least 3 outpatient records and 1 hospitalization for COPD. After the implementation of age, sex, and endpoint matching at a 1:4 ratio, 137 patients and 548 patients were included in the case group and control group, respectively. Based on the 2005 World Health Organization (WHO) standards, monthly air particle concentration data were classified into the following 4 groups in analyses of exposure–response relationships: normal level, and 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 times the WHO level ([concentration ≥2]×25 μg/m3×number of exposure months). RESULTS: A multivariate logistic regression revealed that the 1.0 and 1.5 WHO level groups did not significantly differ from the normal level group, but the 2.0 WHO level did (odds ratio, 4.091; 95% confidence interval, 1.180 to 14.188; p=0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated PM2.5 concentrations were significantly correlated with an increased risk of PD among patients with COPD. Furthermore, exposure to high PM2.5 levels can further increase the risk of PD.

Data fusion based improved Kalman filter with unknown inputs and without collocated acceleration measurements

Ying Lei,Sujuan Luo,Ying Su 국제구조공학회 2016 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.18 No.3

The classical Kalman filter (KF) can provide effective state estimation for structural identification and vibration control, but it is applicable only when external inputs are measured. So far, some studies of Kalman filter with unknown inputs (KF-UI) have been proposed. However, previous KF-UI approaches based solely on acceleration measurements are inherently unstable which leads to poor tracking and fictitious drifts in the identified structural displacements and unknown inputs in the presence of measurement noises. Moreover, it is necessary to have the measurements of acceleration responses at the locations where unknown inputs applied, i.e., with collocated acceleration measurements in these approaches. In this paper, it aims to extend the classical KF approach to circumvent the above limitations for general real time estimation of structural state and unknown inputs without using collocated acceleration measurements. Based on the scheme of the classical KF, an improved Kalman filter with unknown excitations (KF-UI) and without collocated acceleration measurements is derived. Then, data fusion of acceleration and displacement or strain measurements is used to prevent the drifts in the identified structural state and unknown inputs in real time. Such algorithm is not available in the literature. Some numerical examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

SELF-TUNING OCCUPANT INJURY PREDICTION ALGORITHM FOR ADVANCED AUTOMATIC CRASH NOTIFICATION SYSTEM

Ying Luo,Yuezhou Yin,Heng Wei,Na Chen 한국자동차공학회 2022 International journal of automotive technology Vol.23 No.4

In this study, the effect of discrimination threshold on velocity variation is investigated, and a self-tuning algorithm for velocity variation is proposed to improve the accuracy of an advanced automatic crash notification (AACN) system. First, after determining the factors affecting driver injury, an injury prediction model for the driver is developed. Second, the prediction accuracy affected by the discrimination threshold in the AACN system is analyzed using a finite element model for a sled crash test. Third, the self-tuning occupant injury prediction algorithm is presented based on an association model for the velocity variation error, discrimination threshold, and acceleration peak. Fourth, a vehicle terminal is designed by embedding a self-tuning algorithm into the system. Finally, a sled test and vehicle crash test are conducted to verify the reliability of the self-tuning algorithm. The test results show that the self-tuning algorithm can increase the accuracy of the probability of driver injury.

Application of Jasmonic Acid Followed by Salicylic Acid Inhibits Cucumber mosaic virus Replication

Luo, Ying,Shang, Jing,Zhao, Pingping,Xi, Dehui,Yuan, Shu,Lin, Honghui The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2011 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.27 No.1

Systemic acquired resistance is a form of inducible resistance that is triggered in systemic healthy tissues of local-infected plants. Several candidate signaling molecules emerged in the past two years, including the methylated derivatives of well-known defense hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA). In our present study, the symptom on Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infected Arabidopsis leaves in 0.1 mM SA or 0.06 mM JA pre-treated plants was lighter (less reactive oxygen species accumulation and less oxidative damages) than that of the control group. JA followed by SA (JA${\rightarrow}$SA) had the highest inhibitory efficiency to CMV replication, higher than JA and SA simultaneous co-pretreatment (JA+SA), and higher than a JA or a SA single pretreatment. The crosstalk between the two hormones was further investigated at the transcriptional levels of pathogenesis-related genes. The time-course measurement showed JA might play a more important role in the interaction between JA and SA.

The Jesuits’ Latin Translations of the Zhongyong 中庸 during the 17th and 18th Centuries

( Luo Ying ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2016 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.26

儒學域外傳播史一直是跨文化研究中的重要課題。康熙朝來華耶穌會士集體譯介儒學典籍的活動及其刊行於歐洲的多個拉丁文譯本, 不僅構建出中西文化交流史上的一個高峰, 並且深入影響了歐洲啟蒙思想家對於中國的認識。本文擬以《中庸》一書的譯介為例, 經由梳理十七、十八世紀最重要的三個《中庸》拉丁文譯本:《中國政治道德學說》(Sinarum scientia politico-moralis, Guamcheu-Goa 1667/1669)、《中國哲學家孔子·中庸》(Liber secundus of Confucius Sinarum philosophus, Paris 1687)和《中華帝國六經·中庸》(Immutabile Medium of Sinensis imperii libri classici sex, Pragae 1711), 呈現清中期在華耶穌會士譯介儒學典籍的具體情況以及三個譯本各自的特點。此外, 本文亦述及來華耶穌會士在中拉雙語譯本刻印出版方面所進行的開創性實踐。 The translation and overseas spread of the Confucian classics has been long regarded as a significant subject in cross-cultural research. The Jesuits, who came to China under the reign of Kangxi 康熙(1654-1722), produced Latin translations of a number of significant Confucian works, especially the Four Books, not only facilitating a cultural exchange between China and theWest, but also exerting a great impact on European enlightenment thinkers. By going through the most famous 17th and 18th Century Latin translations of the Zhongyong 中庸, namely Sinarum Scientia Politico-Moralis (Guamcheu-Goa 1667/1669), Liber Secundus of Confucius Sinarum Philosophus (Paris 1687) and Immutabile Medium of Sinensis imperii libri classici sex (Pragae 1711), this article sketches an outline of the genealogical relationship among these early editions. Special focus is devoted to these three translations` structural and textual characteristics, in addition to providing an introduction to the Jesuits` practice of “technical innovation” in printing the Chinese-Latin bilingual text of their Confucian translation during the Qing dynasty 淸(1636-1912). [Article in Chinese]

Mechanisms and Control Strategies of Antibiotic Resistance in Pathological Biofilms

( Ying Luo ),( Qianqian Yang ),( Dan Zhang ),( Wei Yan ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.1

Bacterial biofilm is a community of bacteria that are embedded and structured in a self-secreted extracellular matrix. An important clinical-related characteristic of bacterial biofilms is that they are much more resistant to antimicrobial agents than the planktonic cells (up to 1,000 times), which is one of the main causes of antibiotic resistance in clinics. Therefore, infections caused by biofilms are notoriously difficult to eradicate, such as lung infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis patients. Understanding the resistance mechanisms of biofilms will provide direct insights into how we overcome such resistance. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of biofilms and chronic infections associated with bacterial biofilms. We examine the current understanding and research progress on the major mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in biofilms, including quorum sensing. We also discuss the potential strategies that may overcome biofilm-related antibiotic resistance, focusing on targeting biofilm EPSs, blocking quorum sensing signaling, and using recombinant phages.

Fractional Order Periodic Adaptive Learning Compensation for State-Dependent Periodic Disturbance

Ying Luo,Yang Quan Chen,Hyo-Sung Ahn,You Guo Pi IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on control systems technology Vol.20 No.2

<P>In this brief, a fractional order periodic adaptive learning compensation (FO-PALC) method is devised for the general state-dependent periodic disturbance minimization on the position and velocity servo platform. In the first trajectory period of the proposed FO-PALC scheme, a fractional order adaptive compensator is designed which can guarantee the boundedness of the system state, input and output signals. From the second repetitive trajectory period and onward, one period previously stored information along the state axis is used in the current adaptation law. Asymptotical stability proof of the system with the proposed FO-PALC is presented. Experimental validation is demonstrated to show the benefits from using fractional calculus in periodic adaptive learning compensation for the state-dependent periodic disturbance.</P>

Affects of Wastewater Discharges from Mining Areas on Soil Heavy Metal Pollution and Enzyme Activities in Northern Hunan Province, Central South China

Ying Jiang,Xue-Feng Hu,Ying Shu,Fan Luo,Xiao-Juan Yan,Yi-Jun Jiang 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Vγ1+ γδT Cells Are Correlated With Increasing Expression of Eosinophil Cationic Protein and Metalloproteinase-7 in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps Inducing the Formation of Edema

Luo-ying Yang,Xia Li,Wen-ting Li,Jian-cong Huang,Zhi-yuan Wang,Zi-zhen Huang,Li-hong Chang,Ge-hua Zhang 대한천식알레르기학회 2017 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: We have found that expression of γδT cells is increased in pathological mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) compared with normal nasal mucosa. This increase is correlated with the infiltration of eosinophils in CRSwNP. Here, we investigated the expression of γδT cells, inflammation and tissue remodeling factors as well as their probable relationships in different types of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in China. Methods: A total of 76 surgical tissue samples that included 43 CRSwNP samples (15 eosinophilic and 28 non-eosinophilic), 17 CRS samples without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 16 controls were obtained. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to measure the mRNA expression levels of Vγ1+ γδT cells, Vγ4+ γδT cells, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), interleukin (IL)-8, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2, metalloproteinase (MMP)-7, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-4 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the protein level of ECP and MMP-7 in CRSwNP. The eosinophils were counted and the level of edema was analyzed with HE staining. Results: The mRNA expression levels of the Vγ1 subset, ECP and MMP-7 were significantly increased in CRSwNP with histological characteristics of eosinophilic infiltration and edema. The expression of the Vγ1 gene in CRSwNP correlated positively with the expression of both ECP and MMP-7. No significant decreases in the mRNA expression levels of TGF-β2, TIMP-4 or HIF-1α were observed in the CRSwNP samples. The expression levels of Vγ1 gene, ECP and MMP-7 were significantly increased in eosinophilic CRSwNP compared to non-eosinophilic CRSwNP. Conclusions: Our results suggest the associations between Vγ1+ γδT cells, ECP and MMP-7 in CRSwNP, indicating that Vγ1+ γδT cells can induce the eosinophilic inflammation, which has a further effect on the formation of edema.

17th Century Chinese Jesuits’ Interpretation of Confucian Concepts: Focusing on the Translation of ‘Nature’

( Luo Ying ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2013 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.20

明末淸初來華耶穌會士因應傳敎活動的需要, 入華甫爾便投入大量時間精力學習漢文、閱讀中文典籍並西譯儒家經典將之刊行於歐洲, 其中影響至深者莫若《中國哲學家孔子》(Confucius Sinarum Philosophus, 1687 Paris)一書。該書不僅囊括了《大學》、《中庸》、《論語》三書的拉丁文全譯本, 書中序言(Proëmialis Declaratio)更是首次系統地向歐洲人介紹了中國文化“儒”“釋”“道”三統, 將《易經》的六十四卦之卦名及卦象逐一飜譯描繪並為孔子立像作傳。此外, 書中所附《中華君主統治歷史年表》(Tabula Chronologica Monarchiae Sinicae)、《中華帝國及其大事紀》(Imperii Sinarum et Rerum In Eo Notabilium Synopsis)並附柏應理所繪製的中國地圖, 在將古老的中國歷史帶入歐洲的同時, 由於中國編年與《聖經》紀年之間的顯著差異, 直接誘發了歐洲啟蒙思想家對於《聖經》乃至敎會絕對權威的質疑和反思, 為歐洲的“啓蒙運動”帶去東方的思想火種。由此可見, 明淸之際來華耶穌會士堪稱“儒學西傳”最早的踐行者。本文嘗試借助槪念史的方法, 以《中國哲學家孔子》書中“性”這一儒學槪念的西譯為例, 對十七世紀來華耶穌會士所進行的“四書”西譯活動進行個案分析, 總結譯介過程中滲透進去的東西方文化因素以及譯者在譯介過程中對儒學槪念“名”與“實”的重新設定, 切實體認當時來華耶穌會士對中國文化的理解和接受程度, 繼而勾勒出耶穌會來華傳敎士因應自身需要過濾、投射到西方受衆接受視域中的儒家思想。 During the time of Late Ming and Early Qing dynasty, Chinese Jesuits, especially those who felt the urgent need of proselytization, began to learn and research the Chinese Confucian Classics and translate them into Latin. One of the books most influential in European academic community was Confucius Sinarum Philosophus, written in 1687. This book not only included the Latin version of the Great Learning, the Doctrine of Means, and the Analects, its Preface was the first systematic introduction of Confucianism, Buddhism and Daoism. This article attempts to analyze the translated term “Nature (性)” in the Four books as appeared in Confucius Sinarum Philosophus, and tries to derive the cross-world context in which the pivotal term is being understood. Additionally, the changed notion of “name (名)” and “contents (實)” is discussed, in order to describe the vivid circumstances in which Chinese Jesuits understood and enable others to understand the Confucian tradition and thoughts. [Article in Chinese]