Luteal lifespan and fertility after estrus synchronization in goats

Lu Meng Chao,Koji Takayama,Yoshitaka Nakanishi,Katsumi Hamana,Mitsuhiro Takagi,Toshiyuki Kojima,Chikara Kubota 대한수의학회 2008 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.9 No.1

The present experiment aims to examine the efficiency of estrus synchronization using progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and to look at luteal function. During the non-breeding and breeding season, 5 adult female Korean native goats were injected intramuscularly with 2.5 ml of physiological saline as the control. A progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge was then kept in the same goats for 10 days followed, after a week, by an intramuscular injection of 500 IU eCG. Five adult female Nubian goats were mated with a fertile buck during the non-breeding season. During the non-breeding season 2 of the 5 goats showed a normal estrous cycle (ranging from 18 to 21 days) and 3 a short estrous cycle (ranging from 3 to 6 days). During the breeding season the equivalent figures were 1 and 2. The major axes of the corpus luteum (CL) were measured by means of calipers built into the ultrasonography system, and the concentrations of plasma progesterone (P4) were determined by double antibody radioimmunoassay. The mean major axes of the CL in goats showing the short cycle (6.1 ± 0.5 mm) was significantly smaller than in those showing the normal cycle (8.9 ± 0.5 mm; p < 0.01) and also the value of P4 in goats showing the short cycle (4.2 ± 2.1 ng/ml) was significantly lower than for those showing the normal cycle (10.3 ± 4.3 ng/ml; p < 0.05) at day 3 following ovulation. Three out of 5 Nubian goats became pregnant but only one goat carried to full term. The present experiment indicated that a combination of progesterone and eCG was effective in inducing estrus, although it resulted in a high incidence of short luteal lifespan. The low kidding rate and high incidence of embryonic loss may be due to the instability of the luteal lifespan. The present experiment aims to examine the efficiency of estrus synchronization using progesterone and equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) and to look at luteal function. During the non-breeding and breeding season, 5 adult female Korean native goats were injected intramuscularly with 2.5 ml of physiological saline as the control. A progesterone impregnated intravaginal sponge was then kept in the same goats for 10 days followed, after a week, by an intramuscular injection of 500 IU eCG. Five adult female Nubian goats were mated with a fertile buck during the non-breeding season. During the non-breeding season 2 of the 5 goats showed a normal estrous cycle (ranging from 18 to 21 days) and 3 a short estrous cycle (ranging from 3 to 6 days). During the breeding season the equivalent figures were 1 and 2. The major axes of the corpus luteum (CL) were measured by means of calipers built into the ultrasonography system, and the concentrations of plasma progesterone (P4) were determined by double antibody radioimmunoassay. The mean major axes of the CL in goats showing the short cycle (6.1 ± 0.5 mm) was significantly smaller than in those showing the normal cycle (8.9 ± 0.5 mm; p < 0.01) and also the value of P4 in goats showing the short cycle (4.2 ± 2.1 ng/ml) was significantly lower than for those showing the normal cycle (10.3 ± 4.3 ng/ml; p < 0.05) at day 3 following ovulation. Three out of 5 Nubian goats became pregnant but only one goat carried to full term. The present experiment indicated that a combination of progesterone and eCG was effective in inducing estrus, although it resulted in a high incidence of short luteal lifespan. The low kidding rate and high incidence of embryonic loss may be due to the instability of the luteal lifespan.

Complete $f$-moment convergence for extended negatively dependent random variables under sub-linear expectations

Chao Lu,Rui Wang,Xuejun Wang,Yi Wu 대한수학회 2020 대한수학회지 Vol.57 No.6

In this paper, we investigate the complete $f$-moment convergence for extended negatively dependent (END, for short) random variables under sub-linear expectations. We extend some results on complete $f$-moment convergence from the classical probability space to the sub-linear expectation space. As applications, we present some corollaries on complete moment convergence for END random variables under sub-linear expectations.

Free vibration of orthotropic functionally graded beams with various end conditions

Lu, Chao-Feng,Chen, W.Q. Techno-Press 2005 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.20 No.4

Free vibration of orthotropic functionally graded beams, whose material properties can vary arbitrarily along the thickness direction, is investigated based on the two-dimensional theory of elasticity. A hybrid state-space/differential quadrature method is employed along with an approximate laminate model, which allows us to obtain the semi-analytical solution easily. With the introduction of continuity conditions at each fictitious interface and boundary conditions at the top and bottom surfaces, the frequency equation for an inhomogeneous beam is derived. A completely exact solution of an FGM beam with material constants varying in exponential way through the thickness is also presented, which serves a benchmark to verify the present method. Numerical results are performed and discussed.

Effect of Momordica Charantia L. on the Growth and Bacteriocin Production of Lactobacillus Gasseri Lyc400

( Chao Wei Huang ),( Ko Chiao Yen ),( Chao Feng Yu ),( Ying Chen Lu ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1

Many Gram-positive bacteria, particularly lactic acid bacteria, are known to secrete proteins that have antimicrobial activity. These proteins, known as bacteriocins, have been shown to display inhibitory activity against many pathogens. Use lactic acid bacteria fermented herb has many advantages, such as increase the extraction rate of herb, produce new active compounds, reduce waste etc. In this study, 270 strains of lactic acid bacteria were screened for bacteriocin producing ability, and Lactobacillus gasseri LYC400 was found to have highest bacteriocin activity. Lactobacillus gasseri LYC400 was used to ferment MRS broth with various concentration, 0, 2, 4, 6%, respectively, wild bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linn. var. abbreviata Ser.) powder. The fermentation broths were centrifuged and the supernatants were collected follow by protein extraction to analyze bacteriocin activity. The results showed wild bitter melon powder was able to support good growth of the lactic acid bacterium. The bacterial number, lactic acid concentration and the E. coli inhibition ability of protein extractions were positive correlated with bitter melon powder concentration. However, the Staphylococcus aureus inhibition ability of protein extractions were increased with 2, 4% bitter melon powder but decreased at 6% bitter melon powder. Fermentation wild bitter melon via Lactobacillus gasseri LYC400 increases its antibacterial activity with putative anti-diabetic activities may have great potential for health food.

Prediction of the Thermal Elongation of the Ball Screw Mechanism under Various Rotational Speeds

Lu-Chao Zhang,Yi Ou,Hu-Tian Feng 한국정밀공학회 2021 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.22 No.7

In numerical control machines, the thermal elongation of the ball screw influences the position accuracy. Different rotational speeds lead to different temperature changes at different positions in a ball screw system. In this paper, a new method is proposed to calculate the temperature rise of different positions when the ball screw is in the thermal equilibrium state. The thermal transmission of ball screws is analyzed, and the heat generation and transfer coefficient are calculated based on the laws of thermodynamics. The function between the temperature rise and position is built by solving the thermal equilibrium differential equations. The thermal elongation is obtained after the temperature rise is calculated. In order to prove the validity of this model, a series of detection tests are conducted to obtain the temperature rise of a ball screw and the thermal elongation under different rotational speeds. The experimental results show that the realistic temperature rise and the thermal elongation agree well with the theoretical values.

Regulatory Mechanisms of Annexin-Induced Chemotherapy Resistance in Cisplatin Resistant Lung Adenocarcinoma

Wang, Chao,Xiao, Qian,Li, Yu-Wen,Zhao, Chao,Jia, Na,Li, Rui-Li,Cao, Shan-Shan,Cui, Jia,Wang, Lu,Wu, Yin,Wen, Ai-Dong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

Adenocarcinoma of lung has high incidence and a poor prognosis, woith chemotherapy as the main therapeutic tool, most commonly with cisplatin. However, chemotherapy resistance develops in the majority of patients during clinic treatment. Mechanisms of resistance are complex and still unclear. Although annexin play important roles in various tumor resistance mechanisms, their actions in cisplatin-resistant lung adenocarcinoma remain unclear. Preliminary studies by our group found that in cisplatin-resistant lung cancer A549 cells and lung adenocarcinoma tissues, both mRNA and protein expression of annexins A1, A2 and A3 is increased. Using a library of annexin A1, A2 and A3 targeting combined molecules already established by ourselves we found that specific targeting decreased cisplatin-resistance. Taken together, the underlined effects of annexins A1, A2 and A3 on drug resistance and suggest molecular mechanisms in cisplatin-resistant A549 cells both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, the study points to improved research on occurrence and development of lung adenocarcinoma, with provision of effective targets and programmes for lung adenocarcinoma therapy in the clinic.

Identification of piRNAs in Hela cells by massive parallel sequencing

( Yi Lu Lu ),( Chao Li ),( Kun Zhang ),( Hua Qin Sun ),( Da Chang Tao ),( Yun Qiang Liu ),( Si Zong Zhang ),( Yong Xin Ma ) 생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2010 BMB Reports Vol.43 No.9

Piwi proteins and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) have been implicated in transposon control in germline from Drosophila to mammals. To examine the profile of small RNA expression in human cancer cells and explore difference in small RNA transcriptome, small RNA libraries prepared from wildtype, HILI overexpressed and HILI knockdowned Hela cells were sequenced using Solexa technology. piRNAs and other repeat- associated small RNAs were observed in Hela cells. By using in situ hybridization, piR-49322 was localized in the nucleolus and around the periphery of nuclear membrane in Hela cells. Following the overexpression of HILI, the retrotransposon elements LINE1 was significantly repressed, while LINE1-associated small RNAs decreased in abundance. The present study demonstrated that HILI along with piRNAs plays a role in LINE1 suppression in Hela cancer cell line. [BMB reports 2010; 43(9): 635-641]

YAP/TAZ-Mediated Upregulation of GAB2 Leads to Increased Sensitivity to Growth Factor–Induced Activation of the PI3K Pathway

Wang, Chao,Gu, Chao,Jeong, Kang Jin,Zhang, Dong,Guo, Wei,Lu, Yiling,Ju, Zhenlin,Panupinthu, Nattapon,Yang, Ji Yeon,Gagea, Mihai (Mike),Ng, Patrick Kwok Shing,Zhang, Fan,Mills, Gordon B. American Association for Cancer Research 2017 Cancer Research Vol.77 No.7

<P>Interactions between HIPPO, YAP/TAZ, and the PI3K/AKT pathway may be therapeutically targetable, providing new approaches to treating endometrial cancers and other cancers where the HIPPO pathway is a core oncogenic driver.</P><P>The transcription regulators YAP and TAZ function as effectors of the HIPPO signaling cascade, critical for organismal development, cell growth, and cellular reprogramming, and YAP/TAZ is commonly misregulated in human cancers. The precise mechanism by which aberrant YAP/TAZ promotes tumor growth remains unclear. The HIPPO tumor suppressor pathway phosphorylates YAP and TAZ, resulting in cytosolic sequestration with subsequent degradation. Here, we report that the PI3K/AKT pathway, which is critically involved in the pathophysiology of endometrial cancer, interacts with the HIPPO pathway at multiple levels. Strikingly, coordinate knockdown of YAP and TAZ, mimicking activation of the HIPPO pathway, markedly decreased both constitutive and growth factor–induced PI3K pathway activation by decreasing levels of the GAB2 linker molecule in endometrial cancer lines. Furthermore, targeting YAP/TAZ decreased endometrial cancer tumor growth <I>in vivo</I>. In addition, YAP and TAZ total and phosphoprotein levels correlated with clinical characteristics and outcomes in endometrial cancer. Thus, YAP and TAZ, which are inhibited by the HIPPO tumor suppressor pathway, modify PI3K/AKT pathway signaling in endometrial cancer. The cross-talk between these key pathways identifies potential new biomarkers and therapeutic targets in endometrial cancer. <I>Cancer Res; 77(7); 1637–48. ©2017 AACR</I>.</P>

기업의 교육훈련이 학습전이와 직무태도에 미치는 영향: 중국기업의 종업원을 중심으로

조로문(Chao, Lu-Men),김찬중(Kim, Chan-Jung) 글로벌경영학회 2013 글로벌경영학회지 Vol.10 No.1

지식기반경제(knowledge-based economy)의 시대가 전개되면서 지식의 창출과 활용의 주체인 인적자원의 개발에 대한 관심이 증가하였고 기업은 교육훈련을 중요시하게 되었다. 본 연구의 주된 목적은 이러한 교육훈련(교수능력, 교육시설, 교육과정)이 학습전이와 직무태도(직무만족, 조직 몰입)에 미치는 영향을 규명하는 것이다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 중국 내몽고의 3개 기업의 종업원 302명을 대상으로 실증분석을 수행하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 교수능력, 교육시설, 교육과정은 모두 학습전이에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 교수능력은 직무만족에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 교수능력, 교육시설, 교육과정은 모두 조직몰입에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 중국 기업의 효과적인 교육훈련 및 인적자원관리에 필요한 경영전략적 시사점을 제시하 였다. As the era of knowledge-based economy grows, the main body of the creation and application of knowledge, increases and training in enterprise values highly. The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of training(lecturer ability, training facility, curriculum) on job attitude(job satisfaction, organizational commitment). For the purpose of this study s goal, the 302 samples for this empirical study is collected form Inner Mongolia of China employees of 3 different enterprises. The results of this study are as follows. First, there are positive effects of lecturer ability, training facility, curriculum on learning transfer. Second, there is a positive effect of lecturer ability on job satisfaction. Last, there are a positive effects of lecturer ability, training facility, curriculum on organizational commitment of employees. Based on the results of this study, we suggested implications for business strategy and effective alternatives for training and human resource management.

Internal Defect Detection of Structures Based on Infrared Thermography and Deep Learning

Lu Deng,Hui Zuo,Wei Wang,Chao Xiang,Honghu Chu 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.27 No.3

Rapid and accurate detection of internal defects in bridges has always been a major concern of the management and maintenance departments. In the present study, an intelligent method for the detection of structural internal defects is proposed based on infrared thermography and deep learning. Through theoretical analysis, numerical simulations and laboratory experiments, the classification, localization and quantification of internal defects of concrete structures were achieved with the infrared thermography and deep learning method. The mean average precision for classification and localization of internal defects is 96.59%, the mIoU for pixel-level segmentation is 95.19%, and the average relative error for damage quantification is 0.70%. The feasibility of the trained model is verified with new images, and the results show that the trained model can capture infrared thermal features of internal defects with different sizes and depths. This method has the advantages of low cost, high accuracy, easy operation, and large area scanning of concrete structures, which can provide a good reference for the detection of internal defects of concrete structures.