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Helen Maria Williams’s Love of England in A Farewell, for Two Years, to England
( Kim¸ Jihee ) 한국현대영어영문학회 2021 현대영어영문학 Vol.65 No.3
After publishing her Letters Written in France (1790), Helen Maria Williams planned to travel to France again, for two years. Given the timing of her proposed trip, in a period when England had increasing concerns about, and was generally hostile to, the situation in France, she would have been keenly aware of the risks involved in a two-year trip there. Coupled with her support for the French Revolution, her long stay in France would have increased suspicions about her loyalty to England. This essay argues that Williams uses her poem A Farewell, for Two Years, to England (1791) to demonstrate her love of England and, at the same time, to defend herself against the criticisms of her sympathy for French liberty. This essay examines what makes Williams compose a poem before her trip to France by describing the changing social context of that period. By exploring Anna Seward’s shifting responses to the events in France and studying a review in the Gentleman’s Magazine of Letters, this paper reveals the criticisms that Williams would have faced. It then examines her strategies to demonstrate her loyalty to England and, at the same time, to present her support of French liberty in the poem. (Dongguk University)
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Female Victims of the Terror in Williams’s Fifth Volume of Letters
( Kim¸ Jihee ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2021 영어권문화연구 Vol.14 No.2
This paper discusses the ways in which Helen Maria Williams represents female victims to criticise the Reign of Terror in her fifth volume of Letters. In accordance with the decree by the French National Convention, she was imprisoned for two months between October and November 1793 and was released in late November. To avoid another arrest for her connection with the Girondins, she departed to Switzerland in June 1794. In this volume, she narrates what she has been through during the Terror, representing herself as a victim of the Terror. Her accounts of arrest and exile vividly present her feelings when she was taken from her domestic space and forced apart from her family. As a survivor of the Terror, she also tells stories of other victims: Charlotte Corday and Madame Roland, who were guillotined. These women were accused of lacking femininity and abandoning their domestic roles. To rebut the accusations against them, Williams provides different representations of them using several sources, including her first-hand accounts and Roland’s own testimony. Through the stories of the female victims, Williams uses the fifth volume of Letters as evidence of the oppression of the Terror.
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( Kim¸ Ji Hee ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2014 영어권문화연구 Vol.7 No.1
Byron was different from most of his fellow contemporary writers who wrote about the East because his writings were not totally dependent on his imagination or written texts. He experienced Eastern culture first hand and had several different perspectives of the East. However, like other writers, Byron was still unable to free himself from Western point of views. This paper explores Byron's fascination with the East and the limitation of his perspective. The Seraglio in Don Juan was portrayed in detail as a magnificent and luxurious place. He simultaneously described the people who Juan met in the Seraglio. Byron also located a man in the harem as a slave and took everything Juan had. Juan, having been subordinated, was in an unusual position for a European. However, he could not go beyond the bounds of European convention in Don Juan. The description of Eastern places implies an awareness of superiority of Western culture. It seems to focus on material abundance although the palace was portrayed in detail. Byron described Oriental characters as negative and simple. There is an enlightenment mechanism to one of the characters in Don Juan, Gulbeyaz. Even though Byron had Eurocentric values, he clearly possessed a more positive attitude toward the East. His ambivalent attitude toward the East would be a great topic to further explore in researching Orientalism.
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An affair of the heart: Sensibility, Revolution, Gender in Letters Written in France
( Kim¸ Ji Hee ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2014 영어권문화연구 Vol.7 No.2
Helen Maria Williams, one of the early romantic women writers, was a controversial figure of her age on the account of her being pro-French Revolution. Her support for the French Revolution is well expressed in Letters from France which were published in eight volumes between 1790 and 1796. Among them, I will focus on the first of volume of the Letters. This paper will explore why Williams used sensibility in her Letters (1790) and how she shows the sensibility with the political point of views in the epistolary form and the Memoir of Mos. and Madam Duf ―. Sensibility in Letters seems to be one of the ways to avoid critical remarks about female political prose. Williams would also use sensibility in Letters to accept her idea easily. In addition, the epistolary form assists Williams in expressing her political point of views with sensibility well in Letters and allows her to express her feelings freely and frankly. She can effectively persuade readers to sympathise with her feelings in the epistolary form. The other strategy enables Williams to show her sensibility with the political standpoint is the Memoir of Mons And Madam Duf - in later chapters of the Letters. The memoir is seemingly the love story but there is the contrast between the despotic government and the new government and the process of the revolution behind the romantic story. It is a sentimental story for covering Williams' political voice well. Williams's sentimental strategy looked to be a huge success before the revolution became violent. She expressed her political points of view with sensibility which could be the bulwark of her defence.
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Kim Chul,Sung Jidong,Han Jae-Young,Jee Sungju,Lee Jang Woo,Lee Jong Hwa,Kim Won-Seok,Bang Heui Je,Baek Sora,Joa Kyung Lim,Kim Ae Ryoung,Lee So Young,Kim Jihee,Kim Chung Reen,Kwon Oh Pum 대한의학회 2022 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.37 No.14
Background: In Korea, the actual distribution of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) to the clinical field is insufficient due to the many barriers for cardiovascular patients to participate in CR. Community-based CR is a useful alternative to overcome these obstacles. Through a nationwide survey, we investigated the possibility of regional medical and public health management institutes which can be in charge of community-based CR in Korea. Methods: The questionnaires on recognition of CR and current available resources in health-related institutions were developed with reference to the CR evaluation tools of York University and the International Council of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation. The questionnaires were sent to regional public and private medical institutions and public health management institutions. Results: In total, 2,267 questionnaires were sent to 1,186 institutions. There were 241 and 242 responses from 173 and 179 regional private and public medical institutions, respectively. And a total of 244 responses were gathered from 180 public health management institutions. Although many institutions were equipped with the necessary facilities for exercise training, there were few patient-monitoring systems during exercise. Most institutions were aware of the need for CR, but were burdened with the cost of establishing personnel and facilities to operate CR. Conclusion: Most regional medical, and public health management institutions in Korea are unprepared for the implementation of community-based CR programs. To encourage the utilization of such, there should be efforts to establish a national consensus.
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Jihee Kim,Soo Min Kim,Bok Ki Jung,오상호,Young-Koo Kim,이주희 대한의학레이저학회 2021 MEDICAL LASERS Vol.10 No.3
Background and Objectives Fractional microneedle radiofrequency systems are popular options to increase elasticity in aging skin. Laser-assisted drug delivery is a promising method for the epidermal injection of topically applied drugs and cosmetic ingredients. This study assesses the safety and efficacy of topical delivery of L-ascorbic acid, vitamin E, and ferulic acid after fractional microneedle radiofrequency treatment for reducing photodamage. Materials and Methods In this prospective, single-center, split-face, controlled pilot study, six women (mean age, 48.0 years; range, 35-57 years; Fitzpatrick skin types III and IV) exhibiting mild to moderate photodamage, underwent a single session of fractional microneedle radiofrequency treatment. The patients were instructed to apply the antioxidant formulation to only one side of the face. Patients were evaluated 3 days, 7 days, and 4 weeks thereafter, using three-dimensional imaging and ultrasound. Ex vivo , the fullthickness human skin was used for molecular and histological evaluation. Statistical analysis was achieved by applying t-tests, Mann- Whitney U tests, and one-way analyses of variance. Results Compared to the untreated side, the antioxidant-treated side exhibited a significant increase in dermal thickness (10.32% vs. 17.54%, p < 0.05), but not in skin elasticity (4.76% vs. 4.69%, p > 0.05). The difference in erythema between the sides was statistically not significant (p > 0.05). In the ex vivo model, expression of FGF2 in the skin was significantly increased after application of the antioxidant formulation, as compared to results obtained subsequent to fractional microneedle radiofrequency treatment only (p < 0.01). Conclusion This study demonstrates that for the treatment of photodamaged skin, laser-assisted delivery of the antioxidant formulation is a safe and effective adjuvant modality following fractional microneedle radiofrequency.
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Occurrence and diet analysis of sea turtles in Korean shore
Kim, Jihee,Kim, Il-Hun,Kim, Min-Seop,Lee, Hae Rim,Kim, Young Jun,Park, Sangkyu,Yang, Dongwoo The Ecological Society of Korea 2021 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.45 No.1
Background: Sea turtles, which are globally endangered species, have been stranded and found as bycatch on the Korean shore recently. More studies on sea turtles in Korea are necessary to aid their conservation. To investigate the spatio-temporal occurrence patterns of sea turtles on the Korean shore, we recorded sampling locations and dates, identified species and sexes and measured sizes (maximum curved carapace length; CCL) of collected sea turtles from the year 2014 to 2020. For an analysis of diets through stomach contents, we identified the morphology of the remaining food and extracted DNA, followed by amplification, cloning, and sequencing. Results: A total of 62 stranded or bycaught sea turtle samples were collected from the Korean shores during the study period. There were 36 loggerhead turtles, which were the dominant species, followed by 19 green turtles, three hawksbill turtles, two olive ridley turtles, and two leatherback turtles. The highest numbers were collected in the year 2017 and during summer among the seasons. In terms of locations, most sea turtles were collected from the East Sea, especially from Pohang. Comparing the sizes of collected sea turtles according to species, the average CCL of loggerhead turtles was 79.8 cm, of green turtles was 73.5 cm, and of the relatively large leatherback turtle species was 126.2 cm. In most species, the proportion of females was higher than that of males and juveniles, and was more than 70% across all the species. Food remains were morphologically identified from 19 stomachs, mainly at class level. Seaweeds were abundant in stomachs of green turtles, and Bivalvia was the most detected food item in loggerhead turtles. Based on DNA analysis, food items from a total of 26 stomachs were identified to the species or genus level. The gulfweed, Sargassum thunbergii, and the kelp species, Saccharina japonica, were frequently detected from the stomachs of green turtles and the jellyfish, Cyanea nozakii, the swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus, and kelps had high frequencies of occurrences in loggerhead turtles. Conclusions: Our findings support those of previous studies suggesting that sea turtles are steadily appearing in the Korean sea. In addition, we verified that fish and seaweed, which inhabit the Korean sea, are frequently detected in the stomach of sea turtles. Accordingly, there is a possibility that sea turtles use the Korean sea as feeding grounds and habitats. These results can serve as basic data for the conservation of globally endangered sea turtles.
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( Jihee Kim ),( Young In Lee ),( Sungsik Shin ),( Jung U Shin ),( Jung Dong Kim ),( Hong Kee Kim ),( Dohyeon Jeong ),( Juyeop Shin ),( Jung Hyun Bae ),( Kwang Hoon Lee ),( Ju Hee Lee ) 대한피부과학회 2016 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.68 No.2
<div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div><div style="display:none">fiogf49gjkf0d</div> Background: Biodegradable microneedle is a recently developed method to deliver pharmaceutical components into the skin, and is expected to yield better clinical outcome compared to topical application. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of the hyaluronic acid (HA)-based microneedle patches containing ascorbic acid, tranexamic acid, niacin amide and resveratrol on melamsa patients. Methods: A twelve week, randomized, double blind study was performed. Twenty four Korean patients with mild to moderate melasma, according to Melasma Area and Severity Scale (MASI) were enrolled and completed the study. Patients used two different types of patches on each side of the designated area every other day for 8 weeks. Patients were requested for an additional 12-week follow up visit. Pigmentary improvements were assessed subjectively with MASI, patient satisfaction score, and photographic analysis. Additionally, quantitative analysis was performed with mexameter and corneometer (Courage & Khazaka, Cologne, Germany). Results: No patient complained of irritation or other side effects regarding the use of microneedle patch. Compared to control area without microneedle and active ingredients only, microneedle patch applied area showed statistically significant clinical improvement in degree of pigmentation. Conclusion: Results indicates that microneedle patch with active ingredients can be used safely and effectively for melasma treatment.
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