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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : ( Juha JANHUNEN ) (검색결과 6 건)
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Writing Chinese in Tibetan: On the Alternatives for an Wutun Orthography
Juha A. Janhunen 훈민정음학회 2009 Scripta Vol.0 No.1
Wutun is a distinct local form of Northwest Mandarin spoken in a restricted locality in rural Qinghai Province, P.R. China. Although genetically a Sinitic language, Wutun has developed under strong structural influence of Amdo Tibetan, which is the second language of virtually all Wutun speakers. Wutun remains an unwritten language, but for practical and linguistic purposes there is a growing need to record Wutun language material in writing. For this aim, adaptations of the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as well as the Chinese Pinyin system have been applied, but due to the Tibetanization of the Wutun sound system the Tibetan script also remains an alternative. There is evidence suggesting that educated Wutun speakers can, even without much previous practice, write down their language using the Amdo Tibetan conventions of writing and reading Tibetan. The present paper will discuss the prospects of this option.
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Issues of comparative Uralic and Altaic Studies (3): The Turkic plural in *-s
( Juha Janhunen ) 한국알타이학회 2017 알타이학보 Vol.0 No.27
Apart from the Common Turkic plural marker *-lAr, the Turkic languages, including Chuvash, show traces of an older plural marker that may be reconstructed as *-s, represented as (*)-z in Common Turkic and as (*)-r in Bulghar Turkic. This marker has been controversial, postulated by some and rejected by other Turkologists. Applying the method of internal reconstruction, the present paper shows that there is no reason to deny its existence in Pre-Proto-Turkic. In the modern Turkic languages it is preserved in several types of nominal lexemes, including pronouns, numerals, names of body parts, and occasional other nouns.
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On the fluidity of bones in Mongolic and beyond
( Juha JANHUNEN ),( Uluhan ÖZALAN ) 한국알타이학회 2021 알타이학보 Vol.- No.31
This paper examines the fact that the words for ‘bone’ in Mongolic and Tungusic belong to a formal class containing a marker that normally refers to uncountable homogeneous substances, especially liquids. While there may be several factors underlying this curious situation, some possible light is shed on the issue by Turkic data, which suggest a semantic confusion between ‘bone’ and ‘bone marrow.’ Another phenomenon that deserves attention in this context is the use of the concept of ‘bone’ to indicate genetic lineages or ‘tribes’ in the nomadic society.
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On the taxonomy of nominal cases in Mongolic
JANHUNEN, Juha 한국알타이학회 2003 알타이학보 Vol.0 No.13
The paper presents a brief survey of the Mongolic case system, with the focus on three structurally important issues connected with (1) the convergence of the genitive and accusative cases in several Mongolic languages, (2) the replacement of the original comitative case by a new form of derivational origin, and (3) the formation of secondary nominatives from other case forms by way of double declension. As solutions to the issues raised in the paper it is proposed that (1) the syncretic genitive-accusative case should be viewed as a single new case, which is most conveniently termed the "connective"; (2) the form replacing the original comitative should be viewed as a separate "possessive" case, which synchronically remains at the border between derivation and inflection; (3) the secondary nominatives formed on the basis of other cases should be viewed as manifestations of a "marked nominative" case.
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Khitan: Understanding the Language Behind the Scripts
Juha A. Janhunen 훈민정음학회 2012 Scripta Vol.0 No.4
Khitan was the dynastic language of the Liao empire in Manchuria and Northern China (907-1115). Although today extinct, samples of Khitan are preserved in two native scripts, known as the Khitan Large Script and the Khitan Small Script. Both scripts may be classified as “Sinitic” or “Sinoform” in the typological sense, though only the Large Script has a direct connection with the Chinese script. Recent progress in the decipherment of, in particular, the Khitan Small Script allows the lexicon and grammar of the Khitan language to be assessed in much more detail than before. Khitan may be defined as a Para-Mongolic language, meaning that it represents a branch related to, but collateral with, the extant and historically known Mongolic languages. The present paper examines the genetic position of the Khitan language with regard to Mongolic with the help of the methods of comparative linguistics, as applied to the deciphered Khitan language material.
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