Evaluation of Renal Toxicity by Combination Exposure to Melamine and Cyanuric Acid in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Ji Yeon Son,Yoon Jong Kang,Kyeong Seok Kim,Tae Hyung Kim,Sung Kwang Lim,Hyun Jung Lim,Tae Cheon Jeong,Dal Woong Choi,Kyu Hyuck Chung,Byung Mu Lee,Hyung Sik Kim 한국독성학회 2014 Toxicological Research Vol.30 No.2

Melamine-induced nephrotoxicity is closely associated with crystal formation in the kidney caused by combined exposure to melamine (Mel) and cyanuric acid (CA). However, there are few dosage-finding studies for toxicological evaluation of chronic co-exposure to Mel and CA. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism by which a Mel and CA mixture lead to renal toxicity in rats. Mel and CA were co-administered to rats via oral gavage for 50 days. Nephrotoxicity was determined by measuring blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (sCr) levels. Relative kidney weights were significantly increased in rats after co-exposure to Mel+CA (63/6.3 or 630/6.3 mg/kg) mixtures. BUN and sCr levels were significantly increased after Mel and CA co-exposure. Taken together, significant increase in KIM-1, NGAL, and calbindin levels were observed in the urine of rats exposed to Mel+CA (63/6.3 or 630/6.3 mg/kg) compared with the corresponding control group. Histological analysis revealed epithelial degeneration and necrotic cell death in the proximal tubules of the kidney after co-exposure to Mel+CA (63/6.3 or 630/6.3 mg/kg). Our data suggest that Mel-mediated renal toxicity may be influenced by CA concentrations in Mel-contaminated milk or foods.

Evaluation of Renal Toxicity by Combination Exposure to Melamine and Cyanuric Acid in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats

Son, Ji Yeon,Kang, Yoon Jong,Kim, Kyeong Seok,Kim, Tae Hyung,Lim, Sung Kwang,Lim, Hyun Jung,Jeong, Tae Cheon,Choi, Dal Woong,Chung, Kyu Hyuck,Lee, Byung Mu,Kim, Hyung Sik Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2014 Toxicological Research Vol.30 No.2

Melamine-induced nephrotoxicity is closely associated with crystal formation in the kidney caused by combined exposure to melamine (Mel) and cyanuric acid (CA). However, there are few dosage-finding studies for toxicological evaluation of chronic co-exposure to Mel and CA. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible mechanism by which a Mel and CA mixture lead to renal toxicity in rats. Mel and CA were co-administered to rats via oral gavage for 50 days. Nephrotoxicity was determined by measuring blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (sCr) levels. Relative kidney weights were significantly increased in rats after co-exposure to Mel+CA (63/6.3 or 630/6.3 mg/kg) mixtures. BUN and sCr levels were significantly increased after Mel and CA co-exposure. Taken together, significant increase in KIM-1, NGAL, and calbindin levels were observed in the urine of rats exposed to Mel+CA (63/6.3 or 630/6.3 mg/kg) compared with the corresponding control group. Histological analysis revealed epithelial degeneration and necrotic cell death in the proximal tubules of the kidney after co-exposure to Mel+CA (63/6.3 or 630/6.3 mg/kg). Our data suggest that Mel-mediated renal toxicity may be influenced by CA concentrations in Mel-contaminated milk or foods.

인터넷 인라인스케이트 동호회 회원의 분당 대사량 평가

김종혁,김도진 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

This study inquires into comparison and changes in Metabolic when people do inline-skating through comparing members of internet inline-skating association with normal people, and grasps the effect of doing inline-skating on Metabolic per minute. Also, this study provides information for activation of internet inline-skates association and health as scientific methods of inline-skating and domestic athletics. The conclusion is as follows. First, there are significant differences in 2minutes doing between members in association of internet inline-skates and normal people, and after verification, there are significant differences between male and female in association, between male in association and normal male, between male in association and normal female.(p<.01). Second, there is no significant difference in Metabolic of 4 minutes doing between members in association of internet inline-skates and normal people. Third, there are significant differences in 6 minutes doing between members in association of internet inline-skates and normal people, and after verification, there are significant differences between male and female in association, between male in association and normal male, between male in association and normal female.(p<.05). rmal people. Firth, there is no significant difference in Metabolic of 8 minutes doing between members in association of intemet inline-skates and normal people. Fifth, there is no significant difference in Metabolic of 10 minutes doing between members in association of intemet inline-skates and normal people. sixth, there are significant differences in sum total doing between members in association of internet inline-skates and normal people, and after verification, there are significant differences between male and female in association, between male in association and normal male, between male in association and normal female.(p<.05).

북한이탈주민의 외상 후 스트레스 장애와 자연살해세포 활성

김병창,정성훈,임효덕,최종혁,전정희,전양환 大韓神經精神醫學會 2008 신경정신의학 Vol.47 No.5

Objectives : The objective of this study was to evaluate an association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and altered immunity m North Korean defectors who were more likely to develop medical conditions and other stress-related psychiatric disorders. Methods : Twenty-four North Korean defectors with PTSD and twenty-two controls without PTSD were recruited from the resettlement and training center for North Korean defectors in South Korea. Peripheral T lymphocyte subsets, natural killer(NK) cells, NK cell activity and plasma hormones (ACTH and cortisol) were obtained from all subjects. We also applied the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) for all subjects. Results : We found NK cell activity was relatively lower than number of NK cells in North Korean defectors with PTSD. Subjects with PTSD had higher HAM-D and HAM-A scores than controls. However, there were no statistical differences in ACTH. cortisol, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD4/CD8 ratio, CD19 and CD56 between the two groups. Conclusion : These findings suggest North Korean defectors with PTSD show higher levels of depression, anxiety and impaired or weak immune function in NK cells.

장거리 육상 선수의 Off-Season Training Program을 활용한 수행력 검증

김종혁,김도진 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study is to analyze changing phase of energy expenditure and Cardiorespiratory function(heart rate, minute ventilation, respiratory exchange rate, VO₂, VO₂max/㎏) before and after university long distance athletics' winter intensive training for 4 weeks. An object in this study is selected among university representative athlete who has experience over 5 years. The result of the maximal exercise test and submaximal exercise test is the following. 1. There was no statistically significant differences in resting heart rate, resting respirator y, VO₂, VO₂max/㎏, exchange rate resting exercise load test between before and after the training. But there are notable differences in resting ventilation(p<.05). 2. There was no statistically significant differences in maximal heart rate, exchange rate maximal exercise load test between before and after the training. But there are notable differences in maximal ventilation (p<. 05) , maximal respiratory (p<. 01) , VO₂(p<.05), VO₂max/㎏(p<.05 ), energy expenditure(p<.001). 3. There was no statistically significant differences in minute ventilation, VO₂ and VO₂max/㎏ submaximal exercise load test between before and after the training. But there are notable differences in heart rate(p<.01 ), minute ventilation (p<. 05) , respiratory exchange rate(p<.01), energy expenditure(p<.05).

태권도 경기 후 스포츠 마사지가 젖산, 암모니아, 글루코스에 미치는 영향

김도진,김종혁 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

This study is a comparison between sports massage group and static recovery group after playing Taekwondo. It is for a physiological effect verification of sports massage for faster tired recuperation than after playing Taekwondo. As it is furnished raw data in a playing ability and a several training program. It is researched a target of boy 10 persons major Taekwondo in H University. Five persons consist of a rest verification group after playing Taekwondo, the other consists of a sports massage verification group. It is showed Descriptive Analysis about each factor. About each measure factor, it takes effect the One-way ANOVA, and if it is a significant difference, it practices the Turkey. The comparison between each groups executes the Independent t-test. This result is the following. First, the lactic of rest recupeon group and sports massage recuperation group is a significant difference(p<.001) after palying, recuperation period 10 minutes, 20 minutes each. The comparison between groups is a significant difference(p<.05) in recuperation period 20 minutes. Second, the ammonia of rest recuperation group and sports massage recuperation group is a significant difference(p<.001) after palying, recuperation period 10 minutes, 20 minutes each. The comparison between groups is a significant difference(p<.01) in recuperation period 10 minutes. Third, the glocose of rest recuperation group and sports massage recuperation group is a significant difference(p<.001) after palying, recuperation period 10 minutes, 20 minutes each. The comparison between groups is a significant difference(p<.05) in recuperation period 10, 20 minutes.

인체 S100A6 단백질에 특이한 단일클론 항체

김재화,윤선영,김주헌,주종혁,김진숙,이영희,염영일,최용경,최인성 Official Journal of the Korean society for immunol 2003 Immune Network Vol.3 No.1

8주간의 등속성 트레이닝이 힘효율, 평균파워에 미치는 영향

김종혁,김도진 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.3

The purpose of this study was to see a result of Peak Torque, Average Power after isokinetic training for stable from of knee joint by Cybex Norm 770 about 8 male students for 8 weeks training. A plans of the research were done under 60。/sec condition of typical pressure for measuring of extension and strength of flexion, 180。/sec for muscle Power, 240。/sec for muscle endurance, three times, three times, thirty times of two sets in three times a week. Following is conclusion of the experiment results. 1. As a result of comparing with flexion of each event Peak Torque(60。/sec, 180。/sec, 240。/sec), it was significance between pre test and post test(p<.05). 2. As a result of comparing with flexion of each event Average Power(60。/sec, 180。/sec, 240。/sec), it was no significance between pre test and post test(p<.05). 3. As a result of comparing with extension of each event Peak Torque(60。/sec, 180。/sec, 240。/sec), it was significance between pre test and post test(p<.05). 4. As a result of comparing with extension of each event Peak Torque(60。/sec, 180。/sec, 240。/sec), it was no significance between pre test and post test(p<.05).

소아치과 영역에서 러버댐의 다양한 임상적 적용에 대한 증례보고

김종범,김종철,이성혁,장기택 大韓小兒齒科學會 1997 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.24 No.3

Usage of the rubber dam has been advocated by countless number of dentists. The advantages of the rubber dam such as the following are well-known 1. Moisture control. 2. Improved field of vision. 3. Ease of approach. 4. Soft tissue retraction and Injury prevention. 5. Prevention of aspiration of materials or instruments. 6. Shortened chair time. 7. Induction of nasal breathing during administration of N₂O-O₂sedation. Recent reports indicate the rubber dam can protect the dental staffs from the infection when treating HBV or HIV positive patients. Also, impreved moisture control and freeing of both handes allowed by the rubber dam makes it very useful when bonding orthodontic brackets. This case study presents the various clinial application of the rubber dam on patients visiting SNUDH dept. of pediatric dentistry to emphasize the importance of its use in pediatric dentistry.

두경부 편평상피세포암 세포주의 VEGF 아형의 분포와 종양증식 및 이종이식성 : relation to xenotransplantability and tumor progression in mice.

김동욱,이종대,박진규,이재형,이병돈,장혁순 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.2

Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is related to tumor progression and xenotransplantability in various human solid tumors, but the specific impact of the VEGF-subtypes is still under discussion. The aim of this study was to analyse a possible association of the major VEGF-isoforms and the growth characteristics of xenotransplanted human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumors in nude mice. Seven squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were analysed by quantitative RT-PCR using the Taqman^(TM)-System. We investigated the expression of VEGF-total-mRNA and of the major subtypes VEGF-121, -165, and -189 by using subtype specific primers. The cell lines were xenotransplanted in three mice each, and the data of tumor growth and progression were correlated to the expression of VEGF-isoforms. We also investigated an "growth response rate" measured by tumor growth per detected VEGF-level. Six out of the seven cell lines analysed expressed all isoforms of VEGF in different quantities. One cell line expressed generally low levels of VEGF and no VEGF-189 at all, In this cell line xenotransplantation failed in one mice out of three. In a second cell line transplantation failed in one out of seven mice, too. Success rates for the other five cell lines were 100%. The cell lines with higher transplantation success were expressing higher VEGF-121/165-189 ratios comparing to those without success. In contrast, linearity of tumor growth and lack of necrosis were associated with a lower VEGF-121/165-189 ratio. The findings demonstrate a predominant expression of VEGF-165 and VEGF-189, compared VEGF-121. In highly proliferating tumors this rate appeared to be about 10 times higher than in low proliferating tumors. We conclude that the ratio between the VEGF-subtypes during tumor implantation and growth is a prerequisite for progression and hypothesize an individual and different response of each tumor cell line to VEGF.