한국인 알코올 의존 환자에서 알코올 대사 효소 유전자형 빈도의 남녀 차이

김성곤,김철민,이덕기,황인복,이현숙,김성연,전은숙,송영상,박제민,최병무,김명정 大韓神經精神醫學會 2005 신경정신의학 Vol.44 No.2

Objectives : There are a number of preceding epidemiological studies reporting gender differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence. The author investigated gender difference in the frequencies of ADH2 and ALDH2 genoypes between the patients with alcohol dependence and normal control. Methods : The subjects were 141 alcohol dependent patients (104 males, 37 females) and 138 normal control (79 males, 59 females). The frequencies of 1/1 and 1/2+2/2 (2+ afterward) genotypes for ADH2 and ALDH2 were investigated in male and female between alcohol dependence and normal control group. DNA was extracted from WBC in peripheral venous blood and PCR-RFLP method was used out for genotyping. Results : First, the frequency of ADH2 1/1 genotype was significantly higher in alcohol dependent patients than normal control in both genders. Second, while there was no gender difference in the frequency of ADH2 1/1 genotype in normal controls, in the patient group however, the frequency was significantly higher in females than males. Third, in male subjects with alcohol dependence, the frequency of ALDH2 1/1 genotype was significantly higher than in male normal control subjects. On the other hand, in female subjects with alcohol dependence, the frequency of ALDH2 2+ genotype was significantly higher than in female normal control subjects. Conclusion : These results suggest that while the risk of alcohol dependence is predominantly affected by ALDH2 1/1 geno-type in male, the female ADH2 1/1 genotype is mainly associated with the risk of alcohol dependence. This means that there are gender differences in the genetic etiology of alcohol dependence.

Nelumbinis Semen Reverses a Decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$Receptor Binding Induced by Chronic Mild Stress, a Depression-like Symptom

Jang, Choon-Gon,Kang, Moon-Kyu,Cho, Jae-Han,Lee, Sun-Bok,Kim, Hyun-Taek,Park, Soon-Kwon,Lee, Jin-Woo,Park, Seong-Kyu,Hong, Moo-Chang,Shin, Min-Kyu,Shim, In-Sup,Bae , Hyun-Su The Pharmaceutical Society of Korea 2004 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.27 No.10

Depression is associated with a dysfunctional serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) system. More recently, several lines of evidence suggest that an important factor in the development of depression may be a deficit in the function and expression of $5-HT_{1A}$ receptors. The present study assessed if Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) had an anti-depression effect through reversing a decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in rats with depression-like symptoms induced by chronic mild stress. Using a $5-HT_{1A}$ receptor binding assay, with a specific $5-HT_{1A}$receptor agonist, 8- OH-DPAT (8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino) tetralin), the mechanism of the anti-depression effect of N. s. on rats was investigated, and the effects compared with two well-known antidepressants, Hyperium Perforatum (St. Johns Wort) and fluoxetine (Prozac). Animals were divided into five groups: the normal (N) group without chronic mild stress (CMS), the control (C) group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Nelumbinis Semen (N. s.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks, the Hyperium Perforatum (H. p.) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks and finally, the fluoxetine (F) treatment group under CMS for 8 weeks. Each treatment was administered to rats during the last 4 weeks of the 8-week CMS. A sucrose intake test was performed to test the anti-depression effect of N. s. The N. s. treatment significantly reversed the decreased sucrose intake under CMS (P<0.05 compared to control group under CMS). In the CA2 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus, both N. s. and H. p. reversed the CMS-induced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. In the I to II regions of the frontal cortex, N. s. and H. p. also reversed the CMS-induced decrease in$5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding, and even showed a significant increase in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding compared to the F treatment group (N. s. vs. P, p<0.05, H. p. vs. P, p<0.05). However, in the hypothalamus, all treatments reversed the CMSinduced decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding. This reversal effect of N. s. on the decrease in $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding in the frontal cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus of rat brains was very similar to that of H. p, but different from that of F. It is concluded that N. s. presents an anti-depression effect through enhancing $5-HT_{1A}$receptor binding.

서정주의 시에 나타난 죽음의식 : 「花蛇集」과 「冬天」을 중심으로

이인복 숙명여자대학교 2002 숙명語文論集 Vol.4 No.-

Seo's work can be divided into two periods. The first period centers around the collection of poems called [Hwasajip (Flower Snake)] and the second period centers around the collection [Dongcheon (Winter Sky)]. The most important pieces from [Hwasajip] is "Jahwasang (Self-portrait)" and "Buhwal (Resurrection)." "Jahwasang" shows resistance to his own existence that rebels against and questions the tragedy of his life. Further, it is a piece that challenges the existence of God. It fights against the irrationality of the burden imposed on humans through the original sin. On the other hand, through "Buhwal," Midang Seo Jeongju shows how he overcame his consciousness of death by maturely experiencing the Buddhist concept of reincarnation and nirvana. Thus all of his works since 1936 fall somewhere within the circular repetition of the first poem "Jahwasang" and the last poem "Buhwal" contained in [Hwasajip]. It is true that changes can be observed in his poetic tech nique and that the depth and width of his thoughts are noticeable, but at least in terms of his consciousness of death, there is only the circular reincarnation of "Jahwasang" and "Buhwal." Seo's works of the latter period can be analyzed through the collection [Dongcheon]. We have already seen that Seo's world of poetry has developed into the Buddhist concept of nirvana. In [Dongcheon], he presents himself to us as the spirit of the Shilla people who lived and died more than a thousand years ago. The first poem in [Dongcheon] is "The falling twilight." Your back curved like a shrimp, the twilight falling beneath, over the hill to your daughter's, could you now go to slumber. In this poem, Midang is squarely confronting death and is calmly accepting it. He says that he will receive death as naturally as he is visiting his daughter over the hill. He compares death to slumber. When you sleep, you can dream and through the dream you can live another life. Thus Midang clearly states that death is not something to be afraid of. Without doubt, the true meaning of death can only be understood by overcoming death itself. When one wishes to overcome death, the first thought that comes to mind is the concept of reincarnation. We already understand the circular representation through which death is connected to life. However, humans hope to physically experience this circular structure within one's lifetime. In other words, we wish to live this life and at the same time experience the world of death. It is at this point that Midang caught on the continuum of time that encompasses the structure of reincarnation. We have already discussed how Seo's poems in [hwasajip] is a continual reincarnation of "Jahwasang" and "Buhwal." When this statement is applied to [Dongcheon], "The falling twilight" is the introspective poem that can be compared to "Jahwasang" while the poems that can be compared to "Buhwal" are "My love for you" and "Untitled" through which Midang portrays his emotion. In these poems, Midang becomes the flawless "mind." From the "cloudless sky," he rides the "seven colors of the sun and rests beneath a flower tree." To those of us who love the purity of thought, it is as if he is calling us up on the phone to talk to us. Thus we humbly listen to the poetic mind represented in these poems. Confucius once said that even after reading three hundred poems, when asked to explain a poetry, he could only describe it as the purity of thought. Certainly, Midang now resides everlastingly in the world of nirvana where only the poets with pure thoughts live.

Synergistic effects of codecoration of oxide nanoparticles on the gas sensing performance of In₂O₃ nanorods

Park, Sunghoon,Sun, Gun-Joo,Kheel, Hyejoon,Lee, Wan In,Lee, Sangmin,Choi, Seung-Bok,Lee, Chongmu Elsevier 2016 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.227 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>n-In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanorods codecorated with n-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and p-Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles were synthesized by the thermal evaporation of In<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> powders in an oxidizing atmosphere followed by the solvothermal deposition of Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> and Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> nanoparticles, and their ethanol gas sensing properties were examined. The p-Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>-decorated n-In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanorods exhibited stronger and faster response to ethanol gas than the n-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>-decorated n-In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanorods due to the larger modulation of the conduction channel width and interfacial potential barrier height, and stronger catalytic activity of p-Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> than n-Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>. Furthermore, the codecorated In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanorod sensor exhibited significantly stronger and faster response to ethanol gas than its mono-oxide nanoparticle-decorated counterparts under the condition of the same total amount of the decorating nanoparticles. The origin of the synergistic effects of codecoration on the ethanol sensing properties of the In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nanorod sensor is not the formation of compounds or nanoalloys between the oxides but the formation of a large number of the p–n junctions between the two different types of decorating oxides, i.e., Fe<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>–Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> p–n junctions in addition to the Co<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB>–In<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> p–n junctions.</P>

급성 심근경색증 환자에서 일차적 관상동맥 중재술 후 장기적 임상 경과-65세를 기준으로

이한올(Han-Ol Lee),장성주(Seong-Joo Jang),김인수(In-Soo Kim),한재복(Jae-Bok Han),박수환(Soo-Hwan Park),김정훈(Jeong-Hun Kim),장영일(Young-Ill Jang) 한국콘텐츠학회 2014 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.14 No.5

본 연구는 일차적인 경피적 관상동맥 중재술(percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI)를 시술 받은 65세 이상의 고령 환자들에서 임상적 특성, 관상동맥 병변 및 중재술의 특성, 병원 내 및 1년 사망률과 주요심장사건(major adverse cardiac events, MACE)의 발생에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 2006년 1월 1일부터 2010년 12월 30일까지 모 대학병원 심혈관센터에서 급성 심근경색증으로 진단받고 흉통 발생 12시간 이내 관상동맥 조영술 및 일차적 PCI를 시행 받은 환자 1,974예를 대상으로 하였고, 65세 이상의 I군(1,018예, 연령 73.8±5.99세, 남자 : 여자 =574 : 821)과 65세 이하의 II군(956예, 연령 52.8±7.96세, 남자 : 여자 = 444 : 135)으로 나누어 분석하였다. 심혈관질환의 위험인자는 I군에서 더 높았고, 흡연력, 고지혈증, 가족력은 II군에서 높았다. PCI표적 병변은 I군에서 좌주관지(2.7 vs. 1.6%, p=0.007)가 유의하게 많았으며, 다혈관병변(54.5 vs. 41.0%, p<0.001)도 I군에서 많았다. 병원 내 사망(8.4 vs. 1.9%)과 MACE(20.1 vs. 14.0%)는 I군에서 많이 관찰되었다(p<0.001). 로지스틱 다중회귀분석 결과 65세 이상 고령 환자에서 1년 사망률에 영향을 미치는 독립적인 인자는 내원 시 혈중 creatinine 1.3 mg/dL 이상, 뇌혈관 질환, 수축기 혈압<100 mmHg, Killip class II이상, 다혈관 질환, 그리고 좌심실 구혈률<40%로 나타났다. Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been found to be superior, in terms of hospital mortality and long-term outcome, compared with thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the clinical benefits of primary PCI have not been precisely evaluated in elderly patients.1,974 patients (Group I: n=1,018, age≥65years, 73.8±5.99years; Group II: n=956, age<65years, 52.8±7.96years) who underwent primary PCI for AMI at Chonnam National University Hospital between 2006 and 2010 were analyzed according to their clinical, angiographic characteristics for hospital and one-year survival. Group I had a higher percentage of women, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, multi-vessel disease and lower prevalence of current smoking, hyperlipidemia, familial history than Group II. Culprit lesions were at the left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, right coronary artery and left main artery in 42.8% vs. 45.0%, 34.1% vs. 29.6%, 14.6% vs 14.6, 2.7% vs. 1.6%, respectively (p=0.007). Stent diameter was smaller in group I (3.17±0.39 vs. 3.29±0.42mm, p=0.001). In-hospital mortality was higher in group I (8.4 vs. 1.9%, p<0.001). There were significant differences in the rates of major adverse cardiac events between the two groups during one-year clinical follow-up (20.1 vs.14.0%, p<0.001). On multiple logistic regression analysis, systolic blood pressure<100mmHg, serum creatinine≥1.3mg/dL, Killip class> I, multivessel disease, left ventricular ejection fraction<40% and cerebro vascular disease were independent predictors of one-year motality in patients over 65 years after PCI.

스텐트 재협착 병변에서 약물코팅 풍선카테터과 약물용출 스텐트의 예후 분석

이두환 ( Doo Hwan Lee ),송종남 ( Jong Nam Song ),박신의 ( Sin Eui Park ),최남길 ( Nam Gil Choi ),한재복 ( Jae Bok Han ),김인수 ( In Soo Kim ) 한국방사선학회 2019 한국방사선학회 논문지 Vol.13 No.3

약물용출 스텐트(drug-eluting stents, DES)는 일반 금속 스텐트에 비하여 재협착을 현저하게 줄였지만, 여전히 관상동맥 스텐트 재협착은 비율이 높다. 2012년 11월부터 2016년 12월까지의 일 대학교병원 심혈관센터에서 경피적 관상동맥 스텐트 삽입술 후 관상동맥 조영술에서 스텐트 재협착 환자 187명 그룹 I (약물코팅 풍선카테터 사용, n=127명), 그룹 II (약물용출 스텐트 사용, n=60명)로 분류하여 치료효과, 주요심장사건, 사망 발생률, 심근경색, 표적병변 재개통술 그리고 스텐트 혈전등을 2년 동안 추적 분석하였다. 임상적 특성는 두 그룹간 차이는 없었고(21.1 ± 5.3 vs. 25.3 ± 9.6 mm, p<0.002), 혈관조영검사에서 약물코팅 풍선카테터 사용 그룹에서 스텐트 재협착 길이가 짧았다. 주요심장사건은 8.7%vs.10.0%, p=0.789, 사망발생률0%vs.0%,p=1.000, 심근경색 1.6%vs.6.7%, p=0.085, 표적병변 재개통술 8.7% vs. 10.0%, p=0.789 그리고 스텐트 혈전증 0% vs. 0%, p=1000에서 양군 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 약물코팅 풍선카테터가 약물방출 스텐트와 비교하여 2년 추적 검사 결과 주요심장사건에서 차이가 없었고, 약물코팅 풍선카테터는 스텐트 재협착 병변에서 약물방출 스텐트와 함께 선택할 수 있는 좋은 치료방법이라고 사료된다. Although the development of Drug-eluting stent (DES) improved the ISR significantly more than the Bare metal stent (BMS), the coronary stent restenosis (ISR) treatment still has a high recurrence rate. This study is compared the efficacy of DEB with that of DES implantation in patients with ISR. Among 4,316 patients who underwent coronary stent implantation at the Chonnam National University Hospital between November 2012 and December 2016, 187 patients developed ISR on follow-up coronary angiography (66.3 ± 11.0 years, 123 males) were enrolled and divided into two groups according to revascularization method as group I (DEB group; n= 127) and group II (DES group; n= 60). Primary end point was defined as major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), composite of cardiac death (CD), myocardial infaction (MI), target lesion revascularization (TLR) and stent thrombosis (ST) during two-year follow-up between the two groups. There were no differences in the baseline characteristics and angiographic findings except that prevalence of device length was shorter (21.1 ± 5.3 vs. 25.3 ± 9.6 mm, p<0.002) in group I.Two-year MACE were not different in the two groups (8.7%vs.10.0%, p=0.789). The incidences of cardiac death (0%vs.0%, p=1.000), MI (1.6%vs.6.7%, p=0.085), TLR(8.7% vs. 10.0%, p=0.789) and ST (0% vs. 0%, p=1000). DEB demonstrated comparable risk reduction for MACEs compared with DES in patients with ISR during two-year follow-up. DEB might be good alternative for the treatment of ISR in patients with ISR

Dust Collection and Nutrient Absorption by Halophyte Communities in Saemanguem Reclaimed Land

Shin, Myoung-Ho,Hwang, Hyun-Seob,Lee, In-Bok,Seo, Young-Ho,Kim, Min-Kyun The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2013 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.56 No.6

Halophyte community was established for dust prevention in Saemangeum reclaimed land from 2006 to 2008. In the present study, the functions of halophyte community were examined on-site in aspects of dust collection and nutrient absorption. In dust collection experiments, total suspended particulate (TSP) decreased through transplanted halophyte community and the reduction effect continued to 50 m leeward, which was 5.6 times of plant height. TSP reduction behind in-situ halophyte communities amounted to 25.6% on seven-monthly average. TSP collected within four halophyte communities varied among halophytic species in the field. Harvested in the reclaimed land, halophytic samples contained significant amount of nitrogen (0.84 to 1.71% of dry weight), $P_2O_5$ (0.05 to 0.21% of dry weight), and $Na^+$ (0.08 to 3.20% of dry weight). On the basis of halophyte community area in 2006, the amount of total nitrogen, $P_2O_5$ and $Na^+$ absorbed by Suaeda asparagoides was estimated up to 404,000, 47,000, and 498,000 kg, respectively. These results implied that halophyte communities are capable of both collecting significant dust particulates and absorbing of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sodium in the reclaimed land.

통조림용 가다랑어육의 식품성분

오광수,김정균,김인수,이응호,김복규 國立統營水産專門大學 附設 水産科學硏究所 1990 수산과학연구소보고 Vol.2 No.-

가다랑어 혈합육을 보다 효율적으로 이용하기 위한 일련의 기초연구로서, 가다랑어 혈합육의 지질성분, 함질소엑스분 및 구성아미노산 등을 보통 육과 함께 분석하여 비교, 검토하였다. 보통육은 혈합육에 비해 수분, 조단백질 함량은 약간 많은 반면, 조지방과 회분 함량은 혈합육이 약간 많았다. 휘발성염기질소량은 보토육이 22.7mg/100g, 혈합육이 46.9mg/100ㅎ으로 혈합육이 보통육에 비해 선도저하가 훨씬 빨랐다. 보통육과 혈합육의 총지질 조성은 각각 중성지질 79.7%, 71.9%, 당지질, 6.8%, 9.5%, 인지질13.5%, 18.6%로 이루어져 있었다. 중성지질의 성분은 free fatty acid ac triglyceride, 인지질은 phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl, 인지질은 phosphatidyl choline이 주성분이었고, lysogud 인지질의축적도 확인되었다. 총지지르 중성, 당 및 인지질의 축적도 확인되었다. 종지질, 중성, 당 및 인지질의 지반산 조성에서 보통육은 16:0 및 18:1을 주체로 한 포화산 및 모노엔산의 조성비가 혈합육보다 높았으며, 혈합육은 폴리엔산, 특히 22:6의 비율이 월등히 높았다. 16:0. 18:0, 18:1, 20:5 및 22:6 등이 주요 구성지방산이었다. 유리아미노산의 조성은 총함량에서 보통육 쪽이 많았고, 보통육에는 histidine, 혈합육에는 tauring의 보통육에서는 680.9mg.100g 정도 전존해 있었으나, 혈합육에서는 IMP의 분해가 급속히 진행되어 73.1mg/100g에 지나지 않았다. TMAO 및 TMA는 보통육에 비해 혈합육에 휠씬 많이 함유되어 있었고, total creatinine은 보통육 쪽이 많았다. 구성아미노산의 조성은 양시료 간에 별차이가 없었고, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, leucine, alanine, isoleucine 및 arginine 등이 주요 구성아니노산이었다. The lipid components, nitrogenous extracts and amino acids of dark muscle(DM) of skipjack (Katsuwonus pelamis) were analyzed and compared with those of white muscle(WM). WM was higher in moisture and crude protein content, and lower in crude lipid and ash content than those of DM. Contents of volatile basic nitrogen in WM and DM were 22.7mg/100g and 46.9mg/100g. Total lipid(TL) of WM and DM consisted of 79.7%, 71.9% neutral lipid(NL), 6.8%, 9.5% glycolipid(GL), and 13.5%, 18.6% phospholipid(PL), respectively. NL was mainly composed of free fatty acid, triglyceride, and PL was mainly occupied by phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidyl choline. Also lysophosphatidyl choline and lysophosphatidyl ethanolamine were identified in PL. In fatty acid composition of TL, NL, GL and PL, WM revealed higher contents in saturates and monoenes such as 16 : 0, 18 : 1, while DM showed higher contents in polyenes such as 22 : 6 especially. The major fatty acids of these samples were generally 16 : 0, 18 : 0, 18 : 1, 20 : 5 and 22 : 6. Contents of total free amino acids from WM and DM were 5,982.3mg/100g and 4,450.7mg/100g (dry base). Of free amino acids, Tau concentration was much higher in DM than in WM, Ala, Gly, Met, Arg, Thr were also high in DM. But His was much higher in concentration in WM. Content of inosinic acid(IMP) in WM(680.9mg/100g) was higher than that of DM(73.1mg/100g). The degradations of IMP proceeded very rapidly in DM. DM contained much higher trimethylamine oxide and trimethylamine than those of WM. The profile of combined amino acids in these samples were very similar, and main amino acids were Glu, Asp, Lys, Ala, Ile and Arg.

효율적인 일정계획에 의한 제조실행 제어

정인성,이윤상,이상복,왕지남 대한설비관리학회 2004 대한설비관리학회지 Vol.9 No.4

In this paper, we develop scheduling system under MTO (Make-To-Order) Production and implement it to real application. Generally, scheduling system is regarded as company specific problem such that the required business logic might be different within a same industry. The differences are caused by different constraints of each company requirements. Company specific algorithms are commonly employed using rule-base or heuristic procedure. Based on these characteristics, heuristic procedure are developed and implemented for developing MES (manufacturing execution system). The proposed approach are applied to real industry and proved as an efficient approach in terms of practical views.

1982년 충남지방에 발생한 성인뇌염에 대한 임상적 고찰

이복희,서인석,이종화 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1983 충남의대잡지 Vol.10 No.2

In the epidemic season of 1982, we experienced unusually greater numbers of adult patient with Japanese encephalitis around the country. During the season we have seen fourty nine cases of adult encephalitis in selected area of Chungchong Do. The peak age prevalence was 15-20 years aged group and the incidence ratio of male to female was 2:1. The main clinical manifestations of adult encephalitis were fever, headache, disturbances of consciousness, Nuchal rigidity and accelerated deep tendon reflexes etc. The positive rate of initial hemagglutination inbibition test was 30.3% but it was increased to 51.5% after following examination. The types of sequelas were speech disturbance, monoplegia, gait disturbance and personality change etc. The motility rate was 10.2% with that of 6.1% in the male and 18.7% in the female.