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Kim, Jin Sik,Sung, Jae Hyuck,Choi, Byung Gil,Ryu, Hyeon Yeol,Song, Kyung Seuk,Shin, Jae Hoon,Lee, Jong Seong,Hwang, Joo Hwan,Lee, Ji Hyun,Lee, Gun Ho,Jeon, Kisoo,Ahn, Kang Ho,Yu, Il Je Informa Healthcare 2014 INHALATION TOXICOLOGY Vol. No.
<P>Despite their useful physico-chemical properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) continue to cause concern over occupational and human health due to their structural similarity to asbestos. Thus, to evaluate the toxic and genotoxic effect of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on lung cells <I>in vivo</I>, eight-week-old rats were divided into four groups (each group = 25 animals), a fresh air control (0 mg/m<SUP>3</SUP>), low (0.17 mg/m<SUP>3</SUP>), middle (0.49 mg/m<SUP>3</SUP>), and high (0.96 mg/m<SUP>3</SUP>) dose group, and exposed to MWCNTs <I>via</I> nose-only inhalation 6 h per day, 5 days per week for 28 days. The count median length and geometric standard deviation for the MWCNTs determined by TEM were 330.18 and 1.72 nm, respectively, and the MWCNT diameters ranged from 10 to 15 nm. Lung cells were isolated from five male and five female rats in each group on day 0, day 28 (only from males) and day 90 following the 28-day exposure. The total number of animals used was 15 male and 10 female rats for each concentration group. To determine the genotoxicity of the MWCNTs, a single cell gel electrophoresis assay (Comet assay) was conducted on the rat lung cells. As a result of the exposure, the olive tail moments were found to be significantly higher (<I>p</I> < 0.05) in the male and female rats from all the exposed groups when compared with the fresh air control. In addition, the high-dose exposed male and middle and high-dose exposed female rats retained DNA damage, even 90 days post-exposure (<I>p</I> < 0.05). To investigate the mode of genotoxicity, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α, TGF- β, IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ) were also measured. For the male rats, the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> levels were significantly higher in the middle (0 days post-exposure) and high- (0 days and 28 days post-exposure) dose groups (<I>p</I> < 0.05). Conversely, the female rats showed no changes in the H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> levels. The inflammatory cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid did not show any statistically significant difference. Interestingly, the short-length MWCNTs deposited in the lung cells were persistent at 90 days post-exposure. Thus, exposing lung cells to MWCNTs with a short tube length may induce genotoxicity.</P>
The landscape of smart aging: Topics, applications, and agenda
Song, Il-Yeol,Song, Min,Timakum, Tatsawan,Ryu, Su-Ryeon,Lee, Hanju Elsevier 2018 Data & knowledge engineering Vol.115 No.-
<P>Smart aging is an emerging research topic that has a profound impact on society and well-being of aging population. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no systematic analysis of grasping what research has been conducted on smart aging. Thus, there is no discussion of major issues and future directions of smart aging. In this paper, we provide an overview of smart aging in three ways: 1) to synthesize the components of smart aging based on the comprehensive literature review, 2) to examine the range of topics extracted from 3760 web pages and 3) to analyze the research activities on smart aging by conducting a content analysis of 4500 web pages of the NIH funded organizations' websites related to smart aging. The results of the comprehensive literature review indicate that the discussions on smart aging in the scientific publications are by and large classified into the following three directions: Technologies, Aging Medical Care, and Behavior and Social. In addition, the major topics from search engine datasets, which echoes more general discussions from various different parties, are related to entertainment program and social media, along with medical science and innovation technologies, whereas the research activities of NIH funded organizations focused on cross-disciplinary research in Behavioral and Social science, and Medical Care.</P>
Song, Il-Sub,Baik, In-Su,Kim, Tae-Man,Lee, Seung-Hee,Kim, Do-Sung,Soh, Hoe-Sub,Kim, Woo-Yeol The Korean Infomation Display Society 2004 Journal of information display Vol.5 No.3
Voltage-dependent transmittance characteristics associated with various cell parameters have been studied in-plane switching liquid crystal display when both common and pixel electrodes are transparent. When both electrodes are opaque, the transmittance is related to only the distance (I) between electrodes. However, where transparent electrode is used, it is influenced not only the 1but also an electrode width (w) and rubbing angle. In addition, these factors are related to operating voltage which shows maximal transmittance. To maximize the light efficiency of the cell and obtain low operating voltage, the above-mentioned cell parameters need to be optimized.
송상익,김수일,김정호,백승준,김희진,최양도,이수열 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1989 서울대농학연구지 Vol.14 No.2
A cDNA clone for the soybean trypsin inhibitor(Kunitz-type: SKTI) was isolated by immunological screening of a soybean lamda gtll expression vector cDNA library with antibody. The cDNA insert size of the clone lamda Ti-4 was 308 bp. Nucleotide sequencing of the clone shows open reading frame of 201 bp which encodes 67 amino acids of the SKTI precursor and 107 bp of 3'-nontranslating region including a part of the poly(A) tail. Comparision of deduced amino acid sequence reveals that the clone Ti-4 was partial cDNA clone of SKTI. SKTI precursor contains a stretch of 11 amino acid at C-terminal suggesting that the precursor is processed at C-terminal to produce mature SKTI in soybean seeds. Northeran blot analysis demonstrated the mRNA size of SKTI to be about 900 bp. It was expressed only in soybean seeds suggesting tissue specific gene expression was regulated at the level of transcription.
이광열,김수석,송무효,김병일 東西大學校 1998 동서논문집 Vol.4 No.-
In this study, interfacial angles for two adjacent materials were investigated for the design of geosymthetics in earthen structures specially a liner systems of waste landfills. The purpose of the study is to determine interface friction angles of geosynthetids to various soil types and to examine the tensile strength of geosynthetics in side slope of waste landfills. To determine interface friction angles, the direct shear testing apparatus was modified in accordance with ASTM D5321. Three different types of soils and four geosynthetics are applied for the test to determine the interface friction angles. Equilibrium analysis were performed to estimate the required tensile strength of geosynthetics using a model of liner systems in a side slope. Form this study it is found that the textured type of HDPE is more efficiency than smooth type of HDPE and using soil-bentonite liners is more stable than using compacted clay liners underlying the HDPE sheet.
출력귀환과 스카이 훅 제어 방식에 의한 차량 현가 장치의 성능에 관한 연구
김재열,이규태,송찬일,정동화,서윤종,유신 한국공작기계학회 1996 한국생산제조학회지 Vol.5 No.4
The dynamic model of the suspension system is developed by using both sky-hook control and output feedback control techniques, based on the performance sensitivity index. Many vehicles use sky-hook control theory operated with only one sensor, due to relatively low cost and easy implementation. On the other hand, output feedback control implemented with state variables has difficulties in measuring such as tire deflection, etc.