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The mechanism of higher alcohol formation on ZrO2-based catalyst from syngas
Yingquan Wu,Hongjuan Xie,Yongli Kou,Noritatsu Tsubaki,Yizhuo Han,Yisheng Tan 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.3
A chain growth scheme for the synthesis of alcohols from carbon monoxide and hydrogen is proposedbased on the chemical enrichment method on ZrO2-based catalyst. Methanol addition has no obvious effect on theSTY of C2+ alcohols, indicating that COH→CCOH is a slow initial growth step. Addition of ethanol and propanols canenhance the STY of isobutanol, especially n-propanol, revealing that n-propanol is largely the precursor of isobutanol. Results of large alcohols addition further reveal the relationship between small alcohols and large alcohols of formation. Also, addition of aldehydes has a similar effect on the formation of higher alcohols, indicating that alcohols existin the form of aldehydes before desorption. Anisole are introduced into syngas for confirmation of predicted intermediatesand the result indicates that formyl species is participated both in the formation of methanol and higher alcohols. Reaction temperature has a significant effect on the chain growth of alcohols synthesis. Under low temperature,chain growth occurs with CO insertion and alcohols are linear products. Isobutanol appears and becomes the mainproduct during C2+ alcohols undergo an aldo-condensation reaction at high temperature.
( Bo Wang ),( Ying Yan ),( Jing Xu ),( Xiaoyan Fu ),( Hongjuan Han ),( Jianjie Gao ),( Zhenjun Li ),( Lijuan Wang ),( Yongsheng Tian ),( Rihe Peng ),( Quanhong Yao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.12
Laccases can oxidize a variety of phenolic and non-phenolic substrates including synthetic dyes. In this research, a laccase gene Lcc9 from Laccaria bicolor was chemically synthesized and optimized to heterogeneous expression in Pichia pastoris and Arabidopsis thaliana. The properties of recombinant laccase expressed by P. pastoris were investigated. The laccase activity was optimal at 3.6 pH and 40°C. It exhibited K<sub>m</sub> and V<sub>max</sub> values of 0.565 mmol l<sup>-1</sup> and 1.51 μmol l<sup>-1</sup> min<sup>-1</sup> for ABTS respectively. As compared with untransformed control plants, the laccase activity in crude extracts of transgenic lines exhibited a 5.4 to 12.4-fold increase. Both laccases expressed in transgenic P. pastoris or A. thaliana could decolorize crystal violet. These results indicated that L. bicolor laccase gene may be transgenically exploited in fungi or plants for dye decolorization.