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전한봉(John, Han-bong) 한국선교신학회 2010 선교신학 Vol.23 No.-
The term servant-leadership was first coined in a 1970 essay by Robert K. Green Leaf (1904-1990) entitled “The Servant as Leader”. In the development of leadership theories, there has been no consensus for the definition of leadership. In the course of explosion of many theories in the middle of 20th century, many people were tired of the emphasis on the styles, traits and other secrets for successful leadership based on the achievement. In this context, the servant leadership opens a way to give room for human beings, that is, relationship and emphasizes the importance of leaders’ identity rather than methodology. Greenleaf defines Servant leader as what is sharply different from the person who is leader first. The difference manifests itself in the care taken by the servant-first to make sure that other people's highest priority needs are being served. But because the words servant and leader are usually thought of as being opposites, they frustrate and annoy scholars and practitioners. Furthermore, some critics criticized Greenleaf’s writings are discursive because he never defines nor argues for any coherence in the features of leadership that he proposes. Others also point out that its biblical background is not based on the sound Christology. To overcome the shortcoming of the servant leadership theory, witness-based leadership, which is based on the atonement and the great commission of Christ, is suggested in this paper. The servant role is not inferior to the vocation of witness, but the two are seen as constituting a whole.
A Strategic Model for the Short-term Mission Program at a Local Church Level
( Won Young Bong ),( Han Bong John ) 삼육대학교 선교와사회문제연구소 2015 Asia-Africa Journal of Mission and Ministry(AAMM) Vol.11 No.-
This study aims to find the positive aspects of a shortterm mission and to present its practical model at a local church level. This study can be divided into two sections. First, all the processes of a short-term mission at a local church level were presented for local churches that consider a short-term mission program as a means of nurturing church members. Then, this paper was dealt with several suggestions for effective short-term mission programs and referred to negative consequences caused by short-term missions.
Discussion on Women`s Ordination in the History of Korean Protestant Churches
( Kuk Heon Lee ),( Han Bong John ) 삼육대학교 선교와사회문제연구소 2014 Asia-Africa Journal of Mission and Ministry(AAMM) Vol.9 No.-
This paper considers the discussion on women`s ordination in the Korean Protestant Churches. Because of the cultural situation, most Korean Protestant denominations have struggled with this issue for a long time. Nowadays, some denominations, such as the Korean Methodist Church, the Presbyterian Church of the Republic of Korea, the Presbyterian Church of Korea, the Korea Assemblies of God, the Pentecostal Church, Jesus Korea Holiness Church, and Korea Evangelical Holiness Church, have decided to allow women to be ordained ministers. Nevertheless, the other denominations, such as the General Assembly of Presbyterian Church in Korea, the Korea Baptist Convention, and Seventh-day Adventists, are still discussing this issue seriously. In history, there are some issues in this discussion. Women`s ordination has been related to biblical, cultural and social factors in Korean protestant churches. With the changing situation, expansion in women`s involvement in actual ministry is urgent. From the missionary point of view, in particular, this issue is very important and a primary task of Christian
High Malaria Prevalence among Schoolchildren on Kome Island, Tanzania
Min-Jae Kim,Bong-Kwang Jung,Jong-Yil Chai,Keeseon S. Eom,Tai-Soon Yong,Duk-Young Min,Julius E. Siza,Godfrey M. Kaatano,Josephat Kuboza,Peter Mnyeshi,John M. Changalucha,Yunsuk Ko,Su Young Chang,Han-Jo 대한기생충학열대의학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.53 No.5
In order to determine the status of malaria among schoolchildren on Kome Island (Lake Victoria), near Mwanza, Tanzania, a total of 244 schoolchildren in 10 primary schools were subjected to a blood survey using the fingerprick method. The subjected schoolchildren were 123 boys and 121 girls who were 6-8 years of age. Only 1 blood smear was prepared for each child. The overall prevalence of malaria was 38.1% (93 positives), and sex difference was not remarkable. However, the positive rate was the highest in Izindabo Primary School (51.4%) followed by Isenyi Primary School (48.3%) and Bugoro Primary School (46.7%). The lowest prevalence was found in Muungano Primary School (16.7%) and Nyamiswi Primary School (16.7%). These differences were highly correlated with the location of the school on the Island; those located in the peripheral area revealed higher prevalences while those located in the central area showed lower prevalences. Plasmodium falciparum was the predominant species (38.1%; 93/244), with a small proportion of them mixed-infected with Plasmodium vivax (1.6%; 4/244). The results revealed that malaria is highly prevalent among primary schoolchildren on Kome Island, Tanzania, and there is an urgent need to control malaria in this area.
Hypothetical Bias and Substitutes in Stated Preference Survey: The Case of Irradiated Meat
( Ji Yong Lee ),( John A. Fox ),( Rodolfo M. Nayga Jr ),( Doo Bong Han ) 한국농업경제학회 2018 KOREAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS(KJAT) Vol.59 No.3
We examine whether allowing field substitutes to be simultaneously valued with a good of interest in a hypothetical valuation survey moderates behavioral bias between hypothetical statements and actual behaviors. We use a within-sample experiment and compare values in a hypothetical survey with values in a non-hypothetical experimental auction. Especially, we test whether a common calibration function exists for the good of interest with and without the presence of substitutes. We then estimate each calibration function and compare calibration factors. We find that hypothetical bias differs with and without the presence of substitutes and allowing the field substitutes to be simultaneously valued with the product of interest in a hypothetical valuation survey reduces hypothetical bias. Our results suggest that considering substitutes in the application of stated preference survey can help identify the true underlying demand conditions.
Kim, Hyung-Ryong,Lee, Geum-Hwa,Ha, Ki-Chan,Ahn, Taeho,Moon, Ji-Yong,Lee, Bong-Jin,Cho, Ssang-Goo,Kim, Sanguk,Seo, Young-Rok,Shin, Yong-Joo,Chae, Soo-Wan,Reed, John C.,Chae, Han-Jung American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2008 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.283 No.23
<P>In this study, Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) overexpression reduces the ER pool of Ca(2+) released by thapsigargin. Cells overexpressing BI-1 also showed lower intracellular Ca(2+) release induced by the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin as well as agonists of ryanodine receptors and inositol trisphosphate receptors. In contrast, cells expressing carboxyl-terminal deleted BI-1 (CDelta-BI-1 cells) displayed normal intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization. Basal Ca(2+) release rates from the ER were higher in BI-1-overexpressing cells than in control or CDelta-BI-1 cells. We determined that the carboxyl-terminal cytosolic region of BI-1 contains a lysine-rich motif (EKDKKKEKK) resembling the pH-sensing domains of ion channels. Acidic conditions triggered more extensive Ca(2+) release from ER microsomes from BI-1-overexpressing cells and BI-1-reconstituted liposomes. Acidic conditions also induced BI-1 protein oligomerization. Interestingly subjecting BI-1-overexpressing cells to acidic conditions induced more Bax recruitment to mitochondria, more cytochrome c release from mitochondria, and more cell death. These findings suggest that BI-1 increases Ca(2+) leak rates from the ER through a mechanism that is dependent on pH and on the carboxyl-terminal cytosolic region of the BI-1 protein. The findings also reveal a cell death-promoting phenotype for BI-1 that is manifested under low pH conditions.</P>