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Effect of Acupuncture Manipulations at LI4 or LI11 on Blood Flow and Skin Temperature
Wenhui Li,Andrew Ahn 사단법인약침학회 2016 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.9 No.3
Acupuncture induces physiological changes, and patients have reported warm or cool sensations with “Burning Fire” (BF) or “Penetrating Cool” (PC) manipulations. This study aimed to evaluate whether these techniques had distinct effects on skin temperature and blood flow and to examine whether skin temperature correlated with blood flow. The participants were 25 healthy volunteers, each receiving acupuncture manipulations on points LI4 and LI11 bilaterally. Skin temperatures and blood flow were recorded continuously on both arms. The study found that acupuncture significantly increased skin temperature on the needling arm by 0.3514°C on average, but decreased it on the contralateral arm by 0.2201°C on average. Blood flow decreased significantly in both arms during needling (−3.4% and −5.97% for the ipsilateral and the contralateral sides, respectively), but the changes in skin temperature did not correlate with the changes in blood flow. Furthermore, these changes were not significantly different between acupuncture techniques and acupuncture points. In conclusion, acupuncture changes local skin temperature and blood flow independent of the manipulation technique. Moreover, blood flow may not be affected by the increased temperature on the needling arm. These results help to verify traditional Chinese medicine concepts and may help in establishing standards for acupuncture treatments.
( Andrew Li ),( Hiang Ping Chan ),( Phyllis X.L. Gan ),( Mei Fong Liew ),( W.S. Fred Wong ),( Hui-Fang Lim ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.6
Approximately 25% to 40% of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have the eosinophilic endotype. It is important to identify this group accurately because they are more symptomatic and are at increased risk for exacerbations and accelerated decline in forced expiratory volume in the 1st second. Importantly, this endotype is a marker of treatment responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), resulting in decreased mortality risk. In this review, we highlight differences in the biology of eosinophils in COPD compared to asthma and the different definitions of the COPD eosinophilic endotype based on sputum and blood eosinophil count (BEC) with the corresponding limitations. Although BEC is useful as a biomarker for eosinophilic COPD endotype, optimal BEC cut- offs can be combined with clinical characteristics to improve its sensitivity and specificity. A targeted approach comprising airway eosinophilia and appropriate clinical and physiological features may improve identification of subgroups of patients who would benefit from biologic therapy or early use of ICS for disease modification.
Extrahepatic Manifestations of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
( Andrew A. Li ),( Aijaz Ahmed ),( Donghee Kim ) 대한간학회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.2
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and encompasses a spectrum of pathology from simple steatosis to inflammation and significant fibrosis that leads to cirrhosis. NAFLD and its comorbid conditions extend well beyond the liver. It is a multisystemic clinical disease entity with extrahepatic manifestations such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and psoriasis. Indeed, the most common causes of mortality in subjects with NAFLD are cardiovascular disease, followed by malignancies and then liver-related complications as a distant third. This review focuses on several of the key extrahepatic manifestations of NAFLD and areas for future investigation. Clinicians should learn to screen and initiate treatment for these extrahepatic manifestations in a prompt and timely fashion before they progress to end-organ damage. (Gut Liver 2020;14:168-178)
Andrew T. Barker,Susanne C. Brenner,Eun-Hee Park,Li-yeng Sung 한국산업응용수학회 2012 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.7 No.2
In this talk we will discuss several two-level additive Schwarz preconditioners for a weakly over-penalized symmetric interior penalty (WOPSIP) method. TheWOPSIP method belongs to the family of discontinuous finite element methods. Theoretical results on the condition number estimate of the preconditioned system will be presented along with numerical results.
Andrew J. Sun,Shufeng Li,Michael L. Eisenberg 대한남성과학회 2019 The World Journal of Men's Health Vol.37 No.2
Purpose: We evaluated the impact of collagenase clostridium histolyticum (CCH) on rates of diagnosis, treatment, and corpo-ral rupture in Peyronie’s disease (PD). We examined the impact of CCH on cost of PD treatment. Materials and Methods: We extracted data on PD diagnosis (ICD-9 607.95 and ICD-10 N48.6), corporal rupture (ICD-9 959.13 and ICD-10 S39.840A), CCH use (J0775), penile injections (CPT 54200), and corporal rupture repair from 2008 to 2016 in men over 40 years old using the Clinformatics® Data Mart Database (3.7 to 4.9 million males). We analyzed for prevalence of PD, rates of PD treatments, cost associated with treatment, and rates of corporal rupture and repair by year. Results: The prevalence of PD was 0.29% in 2013 and did not increase after CCH entered the market in 2014. An average of 2.52% of men with PD received treatment before CCH, compared with 3.75% after (p<0.0001). Penile injection rates increased (1.34% vs. 2.61%, p<0.0001), while rates of surgical treatments decreased between these periods. There was no change in rate of corporal rupture in men with PD before (0.024%) and after (0.024%) CCH. Overall, only 20.0% of corporal ruptures were repaired. After CCH entered practice, a significant increase in cost occurred (p=0.013). Conclusions: The prevalence of men with PD did not change after CCH. However, more men with PD received treatment due to an increase in penile injections. The cost of treating PD increased after CCH became available. The overall prevalence of corporal rupture did not change after CCH entered the market.
A BDDC Preconditioner for aWeakly Over-Penalized Symmetric Interior Penalty Method
Andrew T. Barker,Susanne C. Brenner,Eun-Hee Park,Li-yeng Sung 한국산업응용수학회 2011 한국산업응용수학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.6 No.2
In this talk we will discuss a nonoverlapping domain decomposition preconditioner for the weakly over-penalized symmetric interior penalty (WOPSIP) method. The WOPSIP method belongs to the family of discontinuous finite element methods. The preconditioner for theWOPSIP method is based on the balancing domain decomposition by constraints methodology. Theoretical results on the condition number estimate of the preconditioned system will be presented along with numerical results.
Li, Fulu,Wu, Kui,Lippman, Andrew The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2008 Journal of communications and networks Vol.10 No.2
We study the routing problem in all-wireless networks based on cooperative transmissions. We model the minimum-energy cooperative path (MECP) problem and prove that this problem is NP-complete. We hence design an approximation algorithm called cooperative shortest path (CSP) algorithm that uses Dijkstra's algorithm as the basic building block and utilizes cooperative transmissions in the relaxation procedure. Compared with traditional non-cooperative shortest path algorithms, the CSP algorithm can achieve a higher energy saving and better balanced energy consumption among network nodes, especially when the network is in large scale. The nice features lead to a unique, scalable routing scheme that changes the high network density from the curse of congestion to the blessing of cooperative transmissions.
Hong Li,Andrew Hung,Angela Wei Hong Yang 한국한의학연구원 2019 Integrative Medicine Research Vol.8 No.4
Background: Danggui Beimu Kushen Wan (DBKW) was initially known for difficult urination in pregnancy and has been widely used for prostate disorders in modern days. This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the implications of DBKW in traditional evidence. Methods: The Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine was searched to identify the ingredients, dosage, etiologies, pathogeneses, actions and indications related to DBKW documented in ancient books. Descriptive summary was provided to their characteristics. Results: A total of 41 texts in 36 classic books were included. Two etiologies and 10 pathogeneses were investigated. All the identified formulas contain Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus and Sophorae Flavescentis Radix with the ratio of 1:1:1. The treatment dosage is three to 10 pills each time. The primary indication of DBKW is difficult urination with heat stagnation. Nine included texts specified that this formula could also be used for male. Conclusion: Included classic literature has provided fundamental evidence for the management of difficult urination in female and male. Further studies should investigate its mechanisms of actions for difficult urination related conditions, such as prostate disorders.
Sensing and control of a quadrotor using a visual inertial fusion method
Ping Li,Matthew Garratt,Andrew Lambert 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
A visual inertial fusion method is proposed in this paper for the state estimation and control of a lowcost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. A binary template matching algorithm is combined with a gradient based algorithm to compute optic flow (OF). The proposed OF method is capable of handling large displacement, illumination variation and gives subpixel accuracy. With a ground plane assumption, the Jacobian motion model is employed to solve for the unscaled linear velocity, which is fused with inertial measurements in an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) framework to estimate metric speed and altitude. A number of flight tests have been conducted both indoors and outdoors to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach.