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Shahzad, F.,Abdullah, M.,Chaudhry, A.S.,Bhatti, J.A.,Jabbar, M.A.,Ahmed, F.,Mehmood, T.,Asim, M.,Ahmed, S.,Kamran, Z.,Irshad, I.,Tahir, M.N. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.3
The study was carried out to explore the effects of replacing wheat straw with fungal treated wheat straw as an ingredient of total mixed ration (TMR) on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in Nili Ravi buffalo male calves. Fungal treated wheat straw was prepared using Arachniotus sp. Four TMRs were formulated where wheat straw was replaced with 0 (TMR1), 33 (TMR2), 67 (TMR3), and 100% (TMR4) fungal treated wheat straw in TMR. All TMRs were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous. The experimental TMRs were randomly assigned to four groups of male calves (n = 6) according to completely randomized design and the experiment continued for four months. The calves fed TMR2 exhibited a significant improve in dry matter intake, average daily weight gain, feed conversion ratio and feed economics compared to other groups. The same group also showed higher digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral-, and acid detergent fibers than those fed on other TMRs. It is concluded that TMR with 33% fungal-treated wheat straw replacement has a potential to give an enhanced growth performance and nutrient digestibility in male Nili Ravi buffalo calves.
Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage following septorhinoplasty
Youssef, Ahmed,Ahmed, Shahzad,Ibrahim, Ahmed Aly,Daniel, Mulvihill,Abdelfattah, Hisham M.,Morsi, Haitham Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2018 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.45 No.4
Septoplasty/septorhinoplasty is a common ear, nose and throat procedure offered for those patients with deviated septum who are suffering from nasal obstruction and functional or cosmetic problems. Although it is a basic and simple procedure, it could lead to catastrophic complications including major skull base injuries which result in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks. We describe two different cases of traumatic CSF leaks following septoplasty/septorhinoplasty at two different sites. The first patient suffered a CSF leak following septoplasty and presented to Alexandria University Hospital. The leak was still active at presentation and identified as coming from a defect in the roof of the sphenoid sinus and was repaired surgically. The second patient presented 4 days after her cosmetic septorhinoplasty with a CSF leak and significant pneumocephalus. She was managed conservatively. Understanding the anatomical variations of the paranasal sinuses and implementing proper surgical techniques are crucial in preventing intracranial complications when performing either septoplasty or septorhinoplasty. A good quality computed tomography of the nose and paranasal sinuses is a valuable investigation to avoid major complications especially CSF leaks following either procedure.
Shahzad Kashif,Amin Arslan Ahmed 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.5
In this paper, the optimal planning of Distributed Energy Storage Systems (DESSs) in Active Distribution Networks (ADNs) has been addressed. As the proposed problem is mixed-integer, non-convex, and non-linear, this paper has used heuristic optimization techniques. In particular, fi ve optimization techniques namely Genetic algorithm, Particle swarm optimization, Tabu search, Simulated annealing, and Pattern search optimization techniques have been applied to optimal planning of DESS. The problem has been formulated to consider distributed storage units’ optimal locations and sizes to be placed in an ADN while respecting the constraints of the system. The problem has been addressed on two levels. In the fi rst level, an optimization technique is applied for DESS planning to determine the optimal solution and in the second level, the fi tness value of this solution is evaluated by solving a daily AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) problem. Simulations have been done for the IEEE 34 and IEEE 123 nodes network to demonstrate and compare the effi ciency of diff erent optimization techniques. The comparison of these optimization techniques has shown that Particle swarm optimization and Tabu search optimization (with a particular value of tabu tenure found by hit and trial) have performed better in fi nding the lowest DESS location corresponding to minimum fi tness value as compared to other optimization techniques both for IEEE 34 nodes and IEEE 123 nodes network
Reliable and Advanced Predictors for Corporate Financial Choices in Pakistan
SHAHZAD, Umeair,FUKAI, Luo,MAHMOOD, Faisal,JING, Liu,AHMED, Zahoor Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.7
Existing studies disagree over the core predictors of firm-level financial choices in developing countries. The general practice only validates the traditional capital structure model, which leads to inconsistency and a lack of novelty. This study removed overfitting issues among existing factors and presented the most reliable and advanced capital structure model in Pakistani firms. The panel data include 368 Pakistani companies from 19 non-financial sectors over the period 2004 to 2017. We apply Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria to remove overfitting issues among inconsistent proxies in the capital structure model. The fixed effects regression is used for basic results and the Generalized Method of Moments is applied to control the endogeneity. Besides the conventional proxies, we report that credit rating, distance from bankruptcy, managerial concentration, and institutional quality are the most advanced capital structure determinants in Pakistan. These predictors remain significant across firm size and growth levels. Also, the findings confirm that new predictors are reliable to define capital structure dynamics and improve the speed of adjustment in overall and sub-sample analysis. The major findings suggest that managers and policymakers should consider these advanced predictors to design their financial settings in firms.
Probabilistic Analysis To Analyze Uncertainty Incorporating Copula Theory
Li Bin,Shahzad Muhammad,Munir Hafiz Mudassir,Nawaz Asif,Fahal Nabeel Abdelhadi Mohamed,Khan Muhammad Yousaf Ali,Ahmed Sheeraz 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.1
The emerging trend of distribution generation with existing power system network leads uncertainty factor. To handle this uncertainty, it is a provocation for the power system control, planning, and operation engineers. Although there are numerous techniques to model and evaluate these uncertainties, but in this paper the integration of Copula theory with Improved Latin-hypercube Sampling (ILHS) are incorporated for Probabilistic load Flow (PLF) evaluation. In probabilistic research approaches, the dominant interest is to achieve appropriate modelling of input random variables and reduce the computational burden. To address the said problem, Copula theory is applied to execute the modelling and interaction among input random variables of the active power system network. Considering the real discrete data, the ILHS is adopted. The load fl ow accessibility of the power system is carefully modeled by considering the dependence and uncertainty factors. Modifi ed IEEE 14-bus system is employed to analyze the effi ciency and performance of the proposed model using active power system network. Output power of two wind energy farms situated in New Jersey are obtained for accuracy comparison. The proposed technique shows the superiority in PLF evaluation.
Bilal, Saqib,Shahzad, Raheem,Khan, Abdul Latif,Al-Harrasi, Ahmed,Kim, Chang Kil,Lee, In-Jung Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2019 Journal of Hazardous Materials Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This study investigates the stress-mitigating effects of endophytic <I>Penicillium funiculosum</I> LHL06 on soybean roots via modulation of physio-biochemical, molecular, and proteomic responses to combined heavy metal (Ni, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Al) toxicity. Preliminary screening revealed that LHL06 can tolerate and remediate combined heavy metal contamination in its media and upregulate gibberellins (GA1, GA3, GA4, GA7 and GA9) and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production. Inoculation of LHL06 resulted in marked reduction of metals uptake in roots and shoots by downregulating heavy metal ATPase genes (<I>GmHMA13, GmHMA14, GmHMA19)</I> and <I>GmMATE1</I> compared to non-inoculated plants; in turn, this decreased abscisic acid and jasmonic acid levels. Moreover, triggering of free amino acid metabolism in LHL06-inoculated roots significantly upregulated expression of stress-related proteins (glutathione S-transferase L3, isoflavone reductase-like, chalcone isomerase A, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone), FQR1-like 1 isoform X2, and Peroxidase 3) to combat metals toxicity. Compared to non-inoculated-plants, LHL06-inoculated-plants exhibited higher antioxidant activity and transcript accumulation of glutathione S-transferase (<I>GmGST8 and GmGST3</I>), <I>G6PDH</I>, and <I>GmSOD1[Cu-Zn]</I>, which decreased metal-induced reactive oxygen species. Therefore, LHL06-inoculation remediate combined metal contamination in soil, activate signaling network of stress-responsive hormones and antioxidant systems for promoting growth and tolerance, and reduce metal-accumulation, thereby making plants safer for consumption.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> LHL10 demonstrated significant resistance to heavy metals stress and produced higher gibberellins and indole-3-acetic acid. </LI> <LI> Association of LHL06 significantly alleviated negative effects of synergistic toxicity of heavy metals in soybean. </LI> <LI> Inoculated soybean demonstrated down-regulation of heavy metals transporters genes and illustrated reduced metals uptake. </LI> <LI> LHL06 increased Stress and defence-related proteins expression of soybean under synergistic heavy metals toxicity. </LI> <LI> LHL06-inoculated soybean exhibited lowered accumulation of endogenous hormones (ABA and JA) under stress. </LI> </UL> </P>
Ahmad, Nazir,Ahmed, Iftikhar,Shahzad, Armghan,Khalid, Nauman,Mehboob, Farrakh,Ahad, Karam,Ali, Ghulam Muhammad The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2014 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.57 No.3
Phenol is a toxic pollutant found in effluent of numerous industries and its elimination is a foremost challenge. The utilization of bacteria plays a crucial role in phenol bioremediation. For isolation of phenol degrading bacteria, sample was collected from industrial waste and enriched in mineral salt medium (MSM) contained 300 mg/L phenol. The strain was identified based on 16S rRNA gene analysis as Pseudomonas species and the phylogenetic analysis affiliated the strain with Pseudomonas monteilii (AF064458) as the most closely related species. Phenol tolerance of the strain in MSM supplemented with various concentrations of phenol indicates that the strain NCCP-407 can grow best at $750mgL^{-1}$ phenol. The strain showed complete degradation of $750mgL^{-1}$ phenol in 56 hours when supplement as a sole source of carbon and energy with the average degradation rate of $28mgL^{-1}h^{-1}$. The doubling time was recorded approximately as $12.49h^{-1}$. The present study suggests that this strain is efficient in phenol degradation and can be used in treatment of wastewater containing phenol.
Ali, Amjad,Shahzad, Raheem,Khan, Abdul Latif,Halo, Boshera A.,Al-Yahyai, Rashid,Al-Harrasi, Ahmed,Al-Rawahi, Ahmed,Lee, In-Jung Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Journal of plant interactions Vol.12 No.1
<P>The current study aimed to explore the endophytic bacterial diversity of Avicennia marina and the potential roles of these endophytes in counteracting saline conditions in tomato plants. Molecular analysis revealed strains from Paenibacillus, Bacillus, Microbacterium, Citrobacter, Lysinibacillus, Halomonas, Virgibacillus, Exiguobacterium, and Vibrio. However, Bacillus pumilus AM11 and Exiguobacterium sp. AM25 showed significantly higher growth in saline media. In response to salinity stress, tomato plants treated with AM11 and AM25 showed significantly higher (similar to 15-23%) biomass, photosynthetic rate and pigment accumulation compared to controls. Salinity-exposed plants had significantly reduced growth and increased (three-fold) lipid peroxidation, whilst glutathione, catalase, and peroxidase activities were significantly reduced. In contrast, AM11, AM25, and methionine improved these physiochemical attributes. The study concludes that the application of bacterial endophytes from plants growing in saline conditions can offer other plants similar stress-resistance potential. Such halophytic bacterial strains can be used to improve plant growth in saline conditions.</P>