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Zhong-Xian Lu,Xiao-Ping Yu,Jian-Ming Chen,Xu-Song Zheng,Hong-Xing Xu,Jue-Feng Zhang Zhang,Lie-Zhong Chen 한국응용곤충학회 2004 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.7 No.3
Abundance of the yeast-like symbiote (YLS) in brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stl, collected from rice fields in China and obtained from International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), was monitored. The role of YLS in nymph survival rate, development and adult reproduction, and activities of transaminases in BPH on different resistant rice varieties were examined. Also, the relationship between YLS and virulence shifts of BPH to resistant rice varieties was discussed. The results indicated that the virulence of BPH populations to resistant rice varieties was strongly related to the abundance of YLS in 5th instar nymphs and brachypterous females of BPH field populations at Nanning in South China and Hangzhou in East China, showing the more abundance of YLS in BPH, the higher virulence of BPH to resistant rice varieties, while no obvious differences in YLS abundance were monitored between three BPH biotypes. Numbers of YLS reduced significantly in female adult of BPH biotype 1 fed on resistant rice varieties IR26, Mudgo and ASD7, compared with that fed on susceptible rice variety TN1. The lowest YLS abundance of BPH from field population was found in 2nd generation successively fed on resistant varieties, and the number of YLS was resumed at 4th generation when the BPH has adapted the resistant varieties. The markedly lower nymphal survival rate, adult fecundity and activities of alanine and aspartic transminase, and significantly longer nymph duration in the three aposymbiotic biotypes than in the symbiotic ones were recorded on both susceptible and resistant rice varieties. However, the much greater differences between aposymbiotic and symbiotic BPH were found on the inadaptable resistant rice varieties than that on the fitness resistant rice varieties. Those results implied that YLS in BPH should play a crucial role in the virulent shift of BPH populations to resistant rice varieties.
Lu, Zhong-Xian,Yu, Xiao-Ping,Chen, Jian-Ming,Zheng, Xu-Song,Xu, Hong-Xing,Zhang, Jue-Feng,Chen, Lie-Zhong Korean Society of Applied Entomology 2004 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.7 No.3
Abundance of the yeast-like symbiote (YLS) in brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stal, collected from rice fields in China and obtained from International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), was monitored. The role of YLS in nymph survival rate, development and adult reproduction, and activities of transaminases in BPH on different resistant rice varieties were examined. Also, the relationship between YLS and virulence shifts of BPH to resistant rice varieties was discussed. The results indicated that the virulence of BPH populations to resistant rice varieties was strongly related to the abundance of YLS in 5th instar nymphs and brachypterous females of BPH field populations at Nanning in South China and Hangzhou m East China, showing the more abundance of YLS in BPH, the higher virulence of BPH to resistant rice varieties, while no obvious differences in YLS abundance were monitored between three BPH biotypes. Numbers of YLS reduced significantly in female adult of BPH biotype 1 fed on resistant rice varieties IR26, Mudgo and ASD7, compared with that fed on susceptible rice variety TN1. The lowest YLS abundance of BPH from field population was found in 2nd generation successively fed on resistant varieties, and the number of YLS was resumed at 4th generation when the BPH has adapted the resistant varieties. The markedly lower nymphal survival rate, adult fecundity and activities of alanine and aspartic transminase, and significantly longer nymph duration in the three aposymbiotic biotypes than in the symbiotic ones were recorded on both susceptible and resistant rice varieties. However, the much greater differences between aposymbiotic and symbiotic BPH were found on the inadaptable resistant rice varieties than that on the fitness resistant rice varieties. Those results implied that YLS in BPH should playa crucial role in the virulent shift of BPH populations to resistant rice varieties.
Effects of SRBSDV-infected rice plants on the fitness of vector and non-vector rice planthoppers
Hong-Xing Xu,Hong-Xing Xu,Xu-Song Zheng,Yajun Yang,Jue-Feng Zhang Zhang,Zhong-Xian Lu 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.3
Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV) is a new member of the genus Fijivirus and transmitted by whitebacked planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horváth). The rice area affected by SRBSDV and the subsequent damages are increasing rapidly. In current study, we evaluated the effects of SRBSDV-infected plants on the ecological fitness and the tolerance to adverse environmental factors of vector WBPH and non-vector brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål). Our study revealed that the fitness of WBPH and BPH were both influenced by feeding on SRBSDV-infected rice. Fecundity ofWBPH feeding on the SRBSDV-infected rice plants were higher than those on healthy plants, nymphal duration of male WBPH prolonged markedly by 0.77 d (P b 0.05), while the weight of brachypterous female adults significantly decreased (P b 0.05), and the average survival time shortened both at 26 °C and 31 °C, respectively. Median lethal time of WBPH on SRBSDV-infected and healthy rice plants were 80 h and 112 h at 26 °C, 64 h and 88 h at 31 °C, respectively. As for non-vector BPH, nymph survival rate decreased significantly by 11.22% (P b 0.05) and the longevity of female adults also shortened (P b 0.05), while hatchability of BPH eggs increased (P b 0.05). Survival time of BPH feeding on healthy rice at 26 °Cwas significant longer than those feeding on healthy and infected rice at 31 °C. The above results imply that the vectorWBPH suffers much stronger effects than non-vector BPH fromfeeding on SRBSDVinfected rice plants.
Li, Xing,Zhong, Xiang,Chen, Zhan-Hong,Wang, Tian-Tian,Ma, Xiao-Kun,Xing, Yan-Fang,Wu, Dong-Hao,Dong, Min,Chen, Jie,Ruan, Dan-Yun,Lin, Ze-Xiao,Wen, Jing-Yun,Wei, Li,Wu, Xiang-Yuan,Lin, Qu Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.18
Background and Aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation was reported to be induced by transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinonma (HCC) patients with a high incidence. The effective strategy to reduce hepatitis flares due to HBV reactivation in this specific group of patients was limited to lamivudine. This retrospective study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic entecavir in HCC patients receiving TACE. Methods: A consecutive series of 191 HBV-related HCC patients receiving TACE were analyzed including 44 patients received prophylactic entecavir. Virologic events, defined as an increase in serum HBV DNA level to more than 1 log10 copies/ml higher than nadir the level, and hepatitis flares due to HBV reactivation were the main endpoints. Results: Patients with or without prophylactic were similar in host factors and the majorities of characteristics regarding to tumor factors, HBV status, liver function and LMR. Notably, cycles of TACE were parallel between the groups. Ten (22.7%) patients receiving prophylactic entecavir reached virologic response. The patients receiving prophylactic entecavir presented significantly reduced virologic events (6.8% vs 54.4%, p=0.000) and hepatitis flares due to HBV reactivation (0.0% vs 11.6%, p=0.039) compared with patients without prophylaxis. Kaplan-Meier analysis illustrated that the patients in the entecavir group presented significantly improved virologic events free survival (p=0.000) and hepatitis flare free survival (p=0.017). Female and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 2 was the only significant predictors for virological events in patients without prophylactic antiviral. Rescue antiviral therapy did not reduce the incidence of hepatitis flares due to HBV reactivation. Conclusion: Prophylactic entecavir presented promising efficacy in HBV-related cancer patients receiving TACE. Lower performance status and female gender might be the predictors for HBV reactivation in these patients.
Li, Xing,Zhong, Xiang,Chen, Zhan-Hong,Xing, Yan-Fang,Wu, Dong-Hao,Chen, Jie,Ma, Xiao-Kun,Lin, Qu,Wen, Jing-Yun,Wei, Li,Wang, Tian-Tian,Ruan, Dan-Yun,Lin, Ze-Xiao,Wu, Xiang-Yuan,Dong, Min Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.22
Background: This retrospective study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic agents in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients receiving TACE and compare the difference between lamivudine and entecavir. Materials and Methods: A consecutive series of 203 HBV-related HCC patients receiving TACE were analyzed including 91 patients given prophylactic agents. Virologic events, defined as an increase in serum HBV DNA level to more than 1 log10 IU/ml higher than the nadir level, hepatitis flares due to HBV reactivation and progression free survival (PFS) were the main endpoints. Results: Some 48 (69.6%) reached virologic response. Prophylaxis significantly reduced virologic events (8.8% vs 58.0%, p=0.000) and hepatitis flares (1.1% vs 13.4%, p=0.001). Patients presenting undetectable HBV DNA levels displayed a significantly improved PFS as compared to those who never achieved undetectable HBV DNA. Prophylaxis and e-antigen positivity were the only significant variables associated with virologic events. In addition, prophylaxis was the only independent protective factor for hepatitis flares. Liver cirrhosis, more cycles of TACE, HBV DNA negativity, a lower Cancer of the Liver Italian Program score, non-metastasis and no hepatitis flares were protective factors for PFS. Prophylactic lamivudine demonstrated similar efficacy as entecavir. Conclusions: Prophylactic agents are efficacious for prevention of HBV reactivation in HCC patients receiving TACE. Achievement of undetectable HBV DNA levels displayed a significant capability in improving PFS. Moreover, persistent tumor residual lesions, positive HBV DNA and hepatitis B flares might be causes of tumor progression in these patients.
She, Chun-Xing,Xiang, Juann,Ren, Bin,Zhong, Qi-Ling,Wang, Xiao-Cong,Tian, Zhong-Qun The Korean Electrochemical Society 2002 한국전기화학회지 Vol.5 No.4
Assisted by the highly sensitive confocal microprobe Raman spectrometer and proper surface roughening procedure, the Raman investigation on the adsorption and reaction of methanol was performed on Pt-Ru electrodes with different coverages. A detailed description of the roughening process of the Pt electrodes and the underpotential deposition of the Ru was given. Reasonably good Raman signal reflecting the metal-carbon vibration and CO vibration was detected. The appearance of vibrations of the Ru oxides, together with the existence of Ru-C, Pt-C and CO bands, clearly demonstrates the participation of the bi-functional mechanism during the oxidation process of methanol on Pt-Ru electrodes. The Pt-Ru electrode was found to have a higher catalytic activity over Pt electrodes. This preliminary study shows that electrochemical Raman spectroscopy can be applied to the study of rough electrode surface.
GUI Reliability Assessment based on Bayesian Network and Structural Profile
Zhi-Fang Yang,Zhong-Xing Yu,Bei-Bei Yin,Cheng-Gang Bai 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.1
Graphical User Interfaces (GUI) is becoming increasingly important in the software field as it builds a friendly way between users and software through continuous interactions. A well-developed GUI is therefore an important factor of software quality. In particular, the reliability of GUIs is still on the way of development. Existing software reliability assessment techniques attempt to statistically describe the software testing process and predict the reliability of the system. However, those techniques are not suitable for GUI as quality of GUI is challenged by immense number of event interactions and complex structural profile etc. Furthermore, GUI has a wealth of information about GUI architecture, components, windows and their interactions with each other, which can be adopted to guide the testing process and establish confidence assessment of GUI. In this paper, a Bayesian network model of GUI reliability is introduced to discuss the reliability model topology and its issues encountered in the modeling process. A case is also presented to verify the validity of the model during the GUI reliability assessment process.