Limiting the spillover of zoonotic pathogens from traditional food markets in developing countries and a new market design for risk-proofing

Sandeep Ghatak(Sandeep Ghatak ),Kandhan Srinivas(Kandhan Srinivas ),Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton(Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton ),Govindarajan Bhuvana Priya(Govindarajan Bhuvana Priya ),Samir Das(Sa 한국역학회 2023 Epidemiology and Health Vol.45 No.-

Traditional food markets are age-old systems that primarily serve the food supply needs of society’s less affluent sectors, often operating with minimal infrastructure. These markets are prevalent in low and middle-income countries. However, their hygienic conditions are frequently suboptimal, potentially fostering the emergence and spread of presumptive zoonotic diseases. The recent emergence of zoonotic or potentially zoonotic diseases and their possible links to traditional food markets underscore the need for focused attention on this overlooked issue. The socioeconomic characteristics of traditional food markets reveal that despite the risk of zoonotic pathogen spread, these markets play a crucial role for large segments of the population. These individuals rely on such markets for their livelihood, food, and nutrition. Therefore, a comprehensive set of measures addressing various aspects of traditional food markets is necessary to manage and mitigate the risks of potential zoonotic disease emergence. In this article, we explore various facets of traditional food markets, paying special attention to the risks of zoonotic diseases that urgently require stakeholder attention. We also propose a new market design to prevent the risk of zoonotic spillover and advocate for the development of a Market Hygiene Index for these markets.

A determination of occlusal plane comparing different levels of the tragus to form ala-tragal line or Camper’s line : a photographic study

Sandeep Kumar,Sandeep Garg,Seema Gupta 대한치과보철학회 2013 The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics Vol.5 No.1

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to determine accurately the part of the tragus to be used to form the Ala-Tragal line or Camper’ line in orthognathic profile patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS. 150 dentate subjects with age of 18-40 years with orthognathic profile were sampled. Life-size lateral digital photographs of the face with fox plane were taken in natural head position. Different angles between Eye-Ear plane and occlusal plane (OT1-OP), Eye-Ear plane and ala-superior border of tragus (OT1-AT1), Eye-Ear plane and ala-middle border of tragus (OT1-AT2) and Eye-Ear plane and ala-inferior border of tragus (OT1-AT3) were calculated using computer software package, AutoCAD 2004. From the three angles formed by the Eye-ear plane (OT1 or FH plane) and the ala-tragal lines, the one closest to the angle formed between Eye-Ear plane (OT1) and occlusal plane (OP) was used to determine the occlusal plane of orientation. The obtained results were subjected to ANOVA F test, Tukey’ Honestly significant difference test, followed by Karl Pearson coefficient of correlation test. P values of less than 0.05 were taken as statistically significant. RESULTS. The mean of base line angle i.e. OT1-OP angle (11.96 ± 4.36) was found to be close to OT1-AT2 angle (13.67 ± 1.93) and OT1-AT3 angle (10.31 ± 2.03), but OT1-OP angle was found to be more closer to OT1-AT3 angle. Comparison of mean angles showed that OT1-OP angle in both males (11.68) and females (12.51) is close to OT1-AT3 angle (males- 11.01, females- 11.95). CONCLUSION. The line joining from ala to the lower border of the tragus was parallel to the occlusal plane in 53.3% of the subjects. There was no influence of the sex on the level of occlusal plane.

Recent advances and remaining challenges for polymeric nanocomposites in healthcare applications

Kumar, Sandeep,Sarita, Sandeep,Nehra, Monika,Dilbaghi, Neeraj,Tankeshwar, K.,Kim, Ki-Hyun Elsevier 2018 Progress in polymer science Vol.80 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Remarkable advancements in material technologies have accelerated the use of many new materials and their hybrids and composites in diverse applications. Among such available options, polymer nanocomposites are recognized to have the potential to bring future revolution, especially because of their flexible functionalities and related advantages (e.g., good strength, large surface area to volume ratio, large flame retardancy, high elastic modulus, enhanced density, and thermo-mechanical/optoelectronic/magnetic properties). These nanocomposites have been successfully incorporated into diverse fields of applications such as drug delivery, tissue engineering, gene therapy, food preservation, biosensing, and bioimaging. Thus, the primary focus of this review is placed to give an integrated overview of polymer nanocomposites along with their synthesis routes, surface treatment strategies, and applications in the healthcare sector (e.g., drug delivery, 3D bio-implant, bioimaging, food processing, and other miscellaneous biomedical applications). Our discussion also highlights future directions for this emerging field of research.</P>

Reconciling the Constitutional Gender Equality Rights and the Gender Discriminatory Custom in Indian Courts

( Sandeep Kindo ) 건국대학교 법학연구소 2021 一鑑法學 Vol.- No.49

This essay reviews and assesses aspects of the Indian courts’ interpretation of the relationship between the Constitution’s gender equality principles and gendered local customary laws. It studies the court opinion’s legal, structural, and substantive considerations for determining the constitutionality questions of the discriminatory customary law. The paper evaluates how courts appear to reconcile the Constitution and custom impasse on the gender equality question. It argues that courts tend to use imaginative ways to respond to the gender equality impasse. One way is to invoke interpretive statutes such as the General Clauses Act and modify the gender discriminatory clauses of any regulation in question. In another method, courts tend to utilize the natural justice principles of justice, equity, and good conscience to the gender discriminatory clauses. Here, the courts offer gender-neutral construction to the disputed statutory clauses through a “reading down” constructive interpretation. Driven by substantive considerations, the courts, thus, modify gender-discriminatory statutory clauses and avoid striking down the clauses of the statute altogether.

A Comprehensive Review on Routing in VANET

Sandeep Kumar Arora,Himanshu Monga 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.10

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) have emerged as new technology with an aim of providing safety and security for the persons sitting in the vehicles. Consequently, wide variety of research contributions have been presented for VANET intrinsic characteristics. This paper provides comprehensive details of various types of routing protocol which is used to route the packets amongst various vehicles in high mobility scenarios. A detailed categorization of various routing techniques is provided in this paper with respect to the advantages, disadvantages and their various applications. The routing techniques have been compared to make the Intelligent Transportation System.

Detection and Performance Analysis of Wormhole Attack in MANET using DELPHI Technique

Sandeep Kumar Arora,Ayushree 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.10

Security is one of the primary issue in the Mobile Adhoc Network (MANET) particularly as for the size and complex nature of the system. The principle reason of security issues in MANET is that there is no physical connection between the nodes. This paper gives the impact of wormhole attack and discloses how to provide security to the packets with the help of Delphi technique. By applying Delay Per Hop Indicator (DELPHI), nodes which are the responsible for wormhole attack can be removed with the support of hop count method and AODV routing The metrics used for calculating network presentation are packet loss, throughput and end to end delay, which gives the better Quality of Services.

A Comprehensive Approach for Modeling and Diagnosis of Various Faults in Analog VLSI Circuits

Sandeep Thakur 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.9 No.10

As the advancement in technology the number of application per chip is increasing and chip area remain same. If number of application per chip is increasing so the difficulty level of analog circuit becomes more and more complex. So there are various fault occur in analog VLSI circuits during manufacturing of any analog circuit. If these faults cannot diagnose and remove at initial stage then it will lead to various changes in output of system, which increase the overall cost. In this article we focused on modeling, analysis and diagnosis of various faults which occur in analog VLSI circuit. We describe new approach to diagnose parametric and catastrophic fault in analog circuits with the help of signal flow graph technique. This technique is very simple and structural in nature. It is applicable to various linear analog VLSI circuits. In this paper we implement this approach on MIMO (Multi Input Multi Output Circuit).All the equation and model for MIMO circuit and simulation are done with the help of MATLAB/Simulink tool.

Seasonal Variation of Rubber Production in Russian Dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz, Grown in Korea

Sandeep Kumar Tata,홍승백(Seung Baek Hong),배성우(Sung Woo Bae),박종찬(Jong-Chan Park),Stephen Beungtae Ryu 한국자원식물학회 2022 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.35 No.3

Russian dandelion, Taraxacum kok-saghyz L.E.Rodin, is an important alternative source of natural rubber. Thus, it is critical to identify the best season for natural rubber production and harvesting for this species. In this study, T. kok-saghyz was grown in experimental fields in Korea to check the variation in rubber content with the change in the season. Studies using T. kok-saghyz plants indicate that spring and autumn are the best seasons for rubber accumulation. For several reasons, our study suggests that planting in autumn and harvesting in late spring is the best strategy for economic cultivation in Korea. Our data will be useful for future commercialization of rubber production from T. kok-saghyz because time will be saved if the plant is grown and harvested in the optimum season.

IN-SITU WAVE RESOURCE ASSESSMENT NEAR TAVEUNI, FIJI ISLANDS

Sandeep K. Reddy,M. Rafiuddin Ahmed 한국신재생에너지학회 2013 AFORE Vol.2013 No.-

THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON INFLATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

SANDEEP MAZUMDER 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2017 Journal of Economic Development Vol.42 No.3

This paper examines the impact of globalization on inflation in developing and emerging economies. We estimate both traditional and open-economy versions of the Phillips curve for all developing economies by incorporating both domestic and foreign output gaps. We find mixed results: whether globalization has significantly affected domestic inflation in developing countries depends on the measure of inflation. Under GDP deflator inflation, there has been a significant change in the output-inflation tradeoff, but CPI inflation suggests otherwise. This highlights the importance of paying closer attention to the measure of inflation implemented, which is something that the current literature neglects to do.