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Sanaz Nazari,Hadi Basirzadeh 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2014 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.12 No.1
Therapeutic vaccines are being developed as a promising new approach to treatment for cancer patients. There are still many unanswered questions about which kind of therapeutic vaccines are the best for the cancer treatments? In this paper we consider a mathematical model, in the form of a system of ordinary differential equations (ODE), this system is an example from a class of mathemati-cal models for immunotherapy of the tumor that were derived from a biologically validated model by Lisette G. de Pillis . The problem how to schedule a variable amount of which vaccines to achieve a maximum reduction in the primary cancer volume is consider as an optimal control problem and it is shown that optimal control is quadratic with 0 denoting a trajectory corresponding to no treatment and 1 a trajectory with treatment at maximum dose along that all therapeutics are being exhausted. The ODE system dynamics characterized by locating equilibrium points and stability properties are determined by using appropriate Lyapunov functions. Especially we attend a parametric sensitivity analysis, which indicates the dependency of the optimal solution with respect to disturbances in model parameters.
Sanaz Dehbashi,Mohammad Reza Arabestani 질병관리본부 2018 Osong Public Health and Research Persptectives Vol.9 No.6
Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of IMP and OXA genes in clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) that are carriers of the ampC gene. Methods In this study, 105 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined using the disk diffusion method. The strains carrying AmpC enzymes were characterized by a combination disk method. Multiplex-PCR was used to identify resistance and virulence genes, chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between variables. Results Among 105 isolates of P. aeruginosa, the highest antibiotic resistance was to cefotaxime and aztreonam, and the least resistance was to colictin and ceftazidime. There were 49 isolates (46.66%) that showed an AmpC phenotype. In addition, the frequencies of the resistance genes were; OXA48 gene 85.2%, OXA199, 139 3.8%, OXA23 3.8%, OXA2 66.6%, OXA10 3.8%, OXA51 85.2% and OXA58 3.8%. The IMP27 gene was detected in 9 isolates (8.57%) and the IMP3.34 was detected in 11 isolates (10.47%). Other genes detected included; lasR (17.1%), lasB (18%) and lasA (26.6%). There was a significant relationship between virulence factors and the OX and IMP genes (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion The relationship between antibiotic resistance and virulence factors observed in this study could play an important role in outbreaks associated with P. aeruginosa infections.
An Overview on Transesterification of Natural Oils and Fats
Sanaz Shahla,Ngoh Gek Cheng,Rozita Yusoff 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.6
Transesterification of natural oils and fats has found various industrial applications, particularly in producing surfactants and biodiesel fuel. Due to the biodegradability and environmental compatibility of the products,many studies have been conducted in this area. An overview on transesterification of natural oils and fats is presented which includes the following topics: Catalytic and non-catalytic reactions and their optimum reaction conditions; types of catalysts and alcoholysis; reaction kinetics and mass transfer. The reports and findings from these aspects collectively provide useful information and serve as good guidelines for transesterification research.
Effect of Alkaline Drinking Water on Bone Density of Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis
( Sanaz Fasihi ),( Siavash Fazelian ),( Farinaz Farahbod ),( Fateme Moradi ),( Morteza Dehghan ) 대한폐경학회 2021 대한폐경학회지 Vol.27 No.2
Objectives: Postmenopausal women are predisposed to osteoporosis, and those on acidic diets are at a higher risk, because it has been demonstrated that such diets have adverse effects on bone health. In this study, the effect of alkaline drinking water on bone mineral density was evaluated in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Methods: One hundred postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (T-score ≤ -2.5) were equally divided into an intervention group and a control group (n = 50 each). The intervention group received calcium D (daily), alkaline drinking water (1.5 L daily with pH 8.6 ± 0.3), and Osteofos tablet (70 mg weekly), whereas the control group received only calcium D and Osteofos tablet for 3 months. T-scores of the femur and spine bones were obtained using bone densitometry before and 3 months after the intervention. Results: After the intervention, the mean T-scores of the femur and spine bones significantly increased in both the control and intervention groups (P < 0.05). However, the mean changes in the spine T-score were significantly higher in the intervention group (0.39 ± 0.07) than in the control group (0.08 ± 0.01) (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the mean changes in the femur T-score between the two groups. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that drinking alkaline water improves spine T-scores in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Hence, alkaline water can be used to treat osteoporosis due to increased bone density in postmenopausal women. Longterm interventions are necessary to confirm the effects of alkaline water on femur density.
Sanaz Khosravi,김에스더,이용석,이상민 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.3
An 8‐week feeding trial was designed to evaluate the potential of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) as a locally available nutrient‐rich feedstuff for juvenile rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli). Experimental diets containing elevated levels of mealworm meal (WM) supplemented with synthetic methionine were formulated to be isonitrogenous, isolipidic and isoenergetic to a WM‐free fishmeal (FM) based control diet (designated as WM0, WM8, WM16, WM24 and WM32, respectively). To determine the necessity of dietary methionine supplementation at the highest inclusion of WM, a diet was prepared to contain 32% WM without methionine supplementation (WM32‐AA). Triplicate groups of rockfish juveniles (Mean ± S.E.; 3.11 ± 0.01 g) were fed one of the experimental diets to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 weeks. Fish growth performance in terms of weight gain and specific growth rate increased with increasing dietary inclusion of WM from 0 to 16% and then tended to decrease with further increase in dietary WM levels to 32%. Protein retention (PR) values followed the same trend as growth rates with the highest values found in fish offered WM16 diet. Although fish fed WM32‐AA diet showed significantly lower growth rate and PR values compared to those fed WM16 diet, their performance was still comparable to that of the WM‐free control group. Plasma triglyceride level was negatively affected by dietary WM inclusion and the lowest values were observed in the WM32‐AA group. Whole‐body and fillet proximate and essential amino acid compositions were not altered by dietary treatment and these values were comparable to those of the WM0 group. These findings suggested that WM might prove to be a promising alternative to FM in practical diets for juvenile rockfish and could be used at an inclusion level of up to 32% without having any adverse consequences for the health and performance of the fish. Although the diet containing 32% WM seemed to support a performance similar to that of the control diet, the recommended dietary inclusion level was no more than 16% of the diet dry matter.
Sanaz Pourmand,Majid Abdouss,Alimorad Rashidi 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.22 No.-
In this research, nanoporous graphene which is used as nanosorbent was synthesized by CVD method and the product was characterized by SEM, TEM, BET, TGA, XRD. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. The sorption of two samples of crude oil and also hydrocarbons which cause severe environmental pollution especially in water, on to nanoporous graphene was studied. Due to the high pore volume (1.17 cm3/g), large specific surface area (410m2/g) and small pore size, high sorption capacitywas achieved. Maximum sorption capacity of this nanoporous graphene for two samples of crude oil (A) and (B) was 102.17 and 105.39 g crude oil/g nanosorbent, respectively. The maximum sorption capacity of this nanosorbent for hydrocarbons was obtained at 155.46 g hydrocarbon per gram nanosorbent. Crude oils and hydrocarbons sorbed into nanoporous graphene could be recovered by three methods of heat treatment, extraction with solvent and filtration under mild suction with the proper recovery ratio. The recovery capacity by three methods was obtained, 99.01, 98.50, 98.05%, respectively. By means of these recycling methods, crude oil can be separated from nanosorbent and reused after the recovery. According to proper performance and good shaping ability of this nanosorbent, it can be used as a good candidate in the removal of oil spills.
Individual Control over the Physical Work Environment to Effect Creativity
Sanaz Ahmadpoor Samani,Siti Zaleha Binti Abdul Rasid,Saudah bt Sofian 대한산업공학회 2015 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.14 No.1
The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the background information regarding to the impact of personal control over the physical work environment on satisfaction with work environment and creativity at work. Today creativity has a significant and special place in business especially in innovative organizations which need creative people to generate new, and useful ideas for produce new products, services, work methods, systems etc. Moreover the design and appearance of workspace and individual ability to control the ambient conditions of the workplace have significant effect on their behavior, satisfaction and overall outcome including creativity. So the result of this study will contribute towards enhancing the understanding of the effect of office design to enhance employees’ creativity.
Sanaz Edrisi,Hamid Bakhshi,Mostafa Rahimnejad 한국화학공학회 2019 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.36 No.5
The partitioning of cephalexin monohydrate in aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with different molecular weights (1000, 2000, 6000, and 8000) and sodium tartrate dihydrate salt was investigated. Equilibrium compositions of two liquid phases were obtained in each system. The experimental data were correlated using the extended NRTL and a modified UNIQUAC (UNIQUAC+DH) models by adding a Debye-Hückel term (DH) to original models for taking into account the long range forces term of activity coefficient of components. The results show that the molecular weight of the polymer has a considerable effect on the partition coefficient of cephalexin monohydrate. The comparison of results for presented models with the experimental data demonstrates that the investigated thermodynamic models can correlate the equilibrium composition very well. The extended NRTL model with AARD of 0.099 is superior to UNIQUAC+DH.